Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Children with Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infection is one of the common bacterial infections seen in infants and children. As children present with non-specific symptoms, a diagnosis of UTI is often missed or it is diagnosed very late. A wide range of organisms with varying antibiotic sensitivity patterns have been known to cause UTI. The objectives of the study were: To study the clinical profile of children with UTI
To study the microbiological profile of children with UTI
To study the antibiotic resistance profile of various organisms causing urinary tract infection in children. A retrospective Study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, CHRI, for 2 years from Jan 2014 to December 2016. The data of the children who met the inclusion criteria were collected from the case records. The collected data was tabulated and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 21. Males comprised a higher proportion of subjects in <1 year and 1-5 years when compared to females. Fever was the most common presenting symptom in the study population, which was seen in 220 (80.8%) children. The number of children with a positive culture for E.coli was 154 (56.0%) and Klebsiella was isolated in 37 (13.45%) children. A high proportion of E coli and Klebsiella species showed resistance to beta lactams and fluoroquinolones. E.coli was the most common organism in all age groups. The proportion of females was higher in the E. coli group (58.9%). Klebsiella had the highest proportion of resistance to more than 2 drugs (82.4%). The most common age group affected by urinary tract infection is below 1 year with a male preponderance followed by above 5 years with a female preponderance. The most common isolated organism in all age groups was E. coli, which was found to be resistant to beta lactams and fluoroquinolones. Therefore, in any child with suspected, it is advised to start empirical therapy with an antibiotic, like amikacin and nitrofurantoin, and wait for the results of urine culture and sensitivity testing