Comparison of the Prophylactic Effect of Ondansetron, Dexamethasone, and the Combination of These Drugs on Decreasing Nausea and Vomiting in Children Aged 1 to 12 Years Old Undergoing Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

Endoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic method with a high risk of nausea and vomiting. Considering the lack of adequate studies on the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after endoscopy in children, this study was conducted to compare the effects of ondansetron, dexamethasone and a combination of these drugs on the reduction of nausea and vomiting in children aged 1 to 12 years undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 146 children aged 1 to 12 years, undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were randomly allocated to four groups of 36. Before endoscopy, the groups received 0.1 mg / kg of ondansetron, 0.2 mg / kg dexamethasone, a combination of the two drugs and placebo, respectively. According to the results of our study, children who underwent upper GI endoscopy, administration of ondansetron plus dexamethasone was associated with a significantly lower frequency of nausea in all assessment time points. However, the difference between the groups was significant only on admission to recovery and the 15 minutes after admission to recovery (P<0.001). The results of our study indicated that in children undergoing endoscopy, the use of ondansetron plus dexamethasone is associated with reduction in the incidence of nausea and vomiting, and the use of the combination does not cause significant side effects compared to ondansetron, dexamethasone or placebo, separately.