نشریه مطالعات زن و خانواده
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1395)

The focus of this paper is to investigate economic analysis of the relationship between marriage benefits to age at marriage and its duration. Economic theory helps to understand that family formation has some benefits that emerge in various aspects. One of the benefits of marriage –such that is observed in literature of family– can be the increase of the income of couples after family formation. Accordingly, it is expected that age and duration of marriage affect individual's income that these effects are studied in current essay. Two samples are used to test hypotheses that include 415 married men and 409 married women. Data have gathered from Tehran by questionnaire. Results show that age at marriage and duration of living in spousal relation has positive and negative effect on income respectively. These findings imply that education is important factor which causes this reality. Education can postpone marriage and also increase the income in lifetime.

Background and Regarding the role of body image and self-esteem in Mental Health in Women, research examined the mediating role of self-esteem and body image in relation to the self-compassion and mental health in female students
Research the population is composed of girl students of Payam Noor of Delfan city. For this purpose, 280 students were selected by random cluster sampling. In order collecting data, the scale of Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ), mental health(GHQ), self-compassion(SCS), self-esteem(RESE) was used. The data were evaluated by the use of path analysis with Amos software.
Finding research: The results showed that the model has a good fit. As well as self-compassion through self-esteem and body image can affect mental health either directly and indirectly.
It is suggested the approach of self-compassion be used to increase the self-esteem and positive body image in women. In addition, according to the new self-compassion is recommended that more studies be accomplished in this field.

The Book of A Thousand Judgement ( Mādayān ī hazār dādestān) is one of the most important sources for social history of Sassanid Iran. This book contain sentences, judjment and other documents that have been issued in the claims and legal proceeding. This book is not a law-code. It is a collection of legal cases. Such legal texts were made to serve as manuals of judicial proceeding.
Legal term guardianship ( sālārīh) can be seen in the collection of thousands of judgments, this position is assigned to man and propound his legal duties.
Now the questions is article: Is the woman in the Sassanid period in position guardianship?
If a woman had role guardianship, how did she arrive to this position and how do find out about process arrive to position woman managerial in the collection of thousands of judgments?
By review existing sentences, we will find out, that how did a woman guidance to this position of guardianship and how did she show his competence in this position and it preserve for himself.
There are sentences in the legal text value that represent guardianship of women in the family, fire, property management and property management marital endowment in judicial proceedings Sassanid era.

The purpose of this study is to the relationship conflict and restoration model developed by Sells, Beckenbach, and Patrick. using path analysis. Statistical population of the study consists of married employees of Shahid Chamran University of Ahwaz. From this population, 200 people were selected using multistage random sampling and Finally 180 questionnaires were completed. The participants were asked to Grace Scale Patrick et al. (2013), the Scale of Trust (TS) Rampel, Holmes and Zanna (1980), Scale Batson Empathy Adjective (BEA) Batson et al (1983), Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) Busby, Crane, Larson and Christensen (1995), Relational Ethics Scale (RES) Hargrave, Jennings and Anderson (1991) and The Interpersonal Relationship Resolution Scale (IRRS) Hargrave and Sells (1997). The obtained results from the study that the demonstration of grace, justice, empathy, trust, and forgiveness lead to relationship satisfaction. The path analysis confirmed the relationships between most variables. Also, the results showed that no significant predictive variables of trust and justice with forgiveness path toward marital satisfaction. Instead, trust and fairness demonstrated its role as a mediator with the consent of the relationship through the influence of grace upon them.

The aim of this study was surveying the mediating effect of parent-adolescent conflict between inter-parenting conflict and risk behaviors. The study is description and the type is Structural Equation Modeling; the population of the study is students of Qods town which is located in Tehran Province. Sample size is 610 students that were selected by multistage random sampling. The data were gathered through Parent-Adolescent Conflict Questionnaire, inter-parenting conflict scale and Adolescents Risk-taking Questionnaire.
The results of structural equation modeling analysis showed the theoretical model was engaged in the model that includes variables namely: parent-adolescent conflict which can play a role as mediator variable that is related to inter-parenting conflict and risk behavior, that they were fitted with most appropriate fit to data (df/S–Bχ2=2/08, CFI=0/99, GFI= 0/92, RMSEA= 0/042). In this model all direct and indirect paths to predict risk behavior in adolescent were diagnosed.
Therefore, inter-parenting conflict and mediating factors involved in predicting risk behavior in adolescent. Also, the model of cognitive-contextual is Capable of being explained about parent-adolescent conflicts.

The purpose of present study was to investigate the relationship between curiosity and intimacy and marital satisfaction in married women's subjective well-being. For this purpose 265 married women in Tehran were selected using voluntary sampling. Research instruments were Curiosity and exploration inventory, Intimacy Scale, Relationship Assessment Scale, Satisfaction with life Scale and Positive and Negative Affect Scale. Results of path analysis showed that curiosity has a direct effect on marital satisfaction, positive affect and life satisfaction. Also curiosity through intimacy has significant indirect effects on marital satisfaction, life satisfaction and positive affect. intimacy Direct effect on marital satisfaction and intimacy indirect effect on life satisfaction and positive affect was also significant. Overall, the result demonstrates the importance of mediation Role of intimacy and marital satisfaction in the process relationship between curiosity and subjective well-being of womens.

Dowry or mahr one of the financial effects of marriage that couples are required to pay it. High dowry payments and the subsequent imprisonment of many problems facing society and the families of the couple.
One of the ways to avoid the dowries of the Organization for Registration of Deeds and Property has been proposed, accepting bets l possible for dowry by couples without specifying when to afford and to delay the possibility of demanding dowry from his wife until afford couples are Some experts believe that this will lead to ignorance of the dowry and thus proving its invalidity seal is saying but I believe that if the possible means and invalidity term of dowry is not to cause Gharar In addition, the affirmation of some of the scholars Mahr's ignorance regarding the nature of marriage that is not based on the mere exchange, nullifies have not dowry. However, if the condition of the power and ability to pay dowry to the wife by the husband literally dowry does not cause a problem, but virtually no other benefit other than the imposition of administrative burden on his wife and challenges for the wife of executive and social have been pursued.