نشریه پژوهش های انسان شناسی ایران
سال ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 12، پاییز و زمستان 1395)

Because of the lack of activities and hard condition of life, there are many immigrants from rural area to the city especially to the Capital. They migrate with their family. In recent years some Turkmen with their family migrated to the big cities especially to Tehran. There exist some Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Thread for people who migrate. In this research which based on one of the qualitative research method –SWOT - we focus on Strength, Weakness, and Opportunity of the Turkmen family in Shahrake Ekbatan. Data have been collected by observation, participant observation and semi structure interview with 9 men and Turkmen women. All the data have been analyzed by thematic analysis. Based on data we concluded that there are some opportunities in family and relation with other Turkmen and at the same time there encounter with some problem in their activities.

Children as the residents of urban space are an important part of the urban society and also the neglected social group in Tehran.
In order to consider the various aspects of children’s perception and life in urban and residential spaces, this paper aims to present the results of the study on children’s participation in connection with the housing and city to aware socio-cultural researchers and urban managers and planners of a large community of small people.
For this purpose, with a constructivist approach, children are known as social activists who have a mental and real perception of their needs in an urban society and can define their position in the urban community and react to unpleasant environmental and physical factors.
In this research the study of documents, urban spaces and residential buildings of Tehran's 11th district has been done compared with the qualitative data derived from the results of observation, unstructured interviews, reviewing the children’s paintings and writings using the cluster sampling method and the qualitative content analysis method. This matter indicates that to have a healthy and dynamic society, it is essential to expand the public domain in the city and create a private space in the house for the children.
The desirable city for the children is a space which provides their maximum physical and mental needs; childhood culture and individuality is represented in the private space and provides them social interaction and participation, access to the municipal facilities as well as a sense of peace and security in the public space. Children’s consideration of urban and architecture spaces involves various physical, mental and behavioral aspects which they have frequently pointed in their paintings and interviews.

Medical anthropology of the sensations considers the experience of pain on individuals and groups with a special focus on sensory perceptions to show that pain and the way of its experience is a something between biology and society. This paper is a description about the pain of ethnographer and four patients in a hospital in Tabriz. Leg breaking of the ethnographer, ideally, enabled him to become a native among the natives of the hospital: ethnographer/patient. Five day hospitalization and surgery experience of all five patients show that pain conceptualized and sensed differently, based on socio-cultural and personal contexts: from fatalism to agency and from perplexity to becoming self. Five patients in room 5 in section 3, have formed a sensory community of pain. Based on the lived experiences, some analytical concepts were developed: pain culture, dardmandi, hesbandi, sensory philosophies, horizontal world, horizontal body, sensory community of pain, and dardnegari or pain-graphy. Writing with pain and about pains is a scientific and humanistic commitment of anthropology.

On December 26th 2003, an earthquake in Bam, southeastern Iran resulted in an estimated death toll of 40,000. This article suggests that post-disaster population replacement practices provide alternative avenues for research, notably the changes in migration and population replacement patterns, and the social and cultural structures associated with population structure. This article is the result of ethnoarchaeological research conducted on Bam city and its satellites, at intervals of 6, 17 and 32 months after the earthquake. The post-disaster population changes patterns are compared with those patterns prior to the disaster. We hope to demonstrate that the patterns present can be used to interpret population replacement and migration under conditions such as natural disasters in archaeological contexts. It should be noticed that archaeological data are completely mute and this is the archaeologist interpretation that make them meaningful. in this article , the suggested patterns and models are useful to interpret and explain the data from archaeological dead context according to the absence of agents to realize the processes which have formed the social and cultural structures.

This ethnographic research is trying to narrate the story of changes from traditional Tehran to the contemporary image of this city by field work around one of the recent symbols of it, Kourosh Mall, relying on interpretive anthropology. The interpretive anthropology defines the culture as the collection of meanings that interprets through symbols and icons and tries to clarifying what is going on the field by analyzing the events and finding the symbols. Commercial, recreational and cultural complex, Kourosh, has over 500 commercial units, 14 movie theaters (the biggest cinematic Campus in Iran), amusement parks, restaurants and coffee shops and it’s one of the largest and most famous commercial centers in the country which is located in the 5th District of Tehran. This narration addressed viewpoint of investors and managers that built Kourosh mall and the image of the city that they want to build. This narration also demonstrates the impact of this symbol on the life style of mall’s shopkeepers, residents and local business owners by analyzing the mall’s happenings and the stories of that people. changes in Tehran’s image,satisfaction and obviously senseations is narrated by interview with key informants and pariticpant-observation.

Since the emergence of the idea of development Several theoretical models have been proposed to explain the status of development . Consequently policies and developmental programs have been implemented in different countries and regions . One of the theoretical models that have been used in the past two decades is good governance. This pattern due to the paradigm shift in development patterns and an emphasis on human and social development in the past two decades. Perhaps the most important advantage of the present model from previous models summarized in Having focused on three areas of interaction between government, the private sector and the community in the development process and Having the flexibility to develop policies based on a local model .our purpose of this article is Evaluation of the theoretical model of good governance in explaining the human development . This paper uses a structural equation for testing of Model of good governance to improve human development.

From long ago and during various historical periods, Afghans have migrated to Iran. The largest Afghan emigration took place after a communist government, Afghanistan democratic republic, was established in 1978 and also as a result of the rise in the extensive internal conflicts. These were the overtures to the formation of first waves of emigration to the neighboring countries such as Iran and Pakistan. This emigration flood has always been confronted with abundant rise and fall during the past thirty and several years. The Taliban government establishment and the US and its allies attack to Afghanistan were the factors contributing to the intensification of emigrations. After the establishment of an Islamic republic government in Afghanistan in 2004, this hope was strengthened that the emigrants will return to their country but the return advanced very slowly in spite of the international organizations contributions and interventions. Although the main reason behind the Afghans’ emigration has never been a gender-based attitude but the gender considerations such as the lack of security for women, Afghan’s protection of their honor and so forth overshadowed the repatriation process and played essential roles as inhibitory factors. It has been tried to investigate the reasons behind afghan women’s lack of willingness to return to their country in the present study. The present study made use of the theory of attractants and repellents and the authors carried out structured interviews with 16 emigrant women in the city of Mashhad and the study main questions were evaluated within two various time periods. The study results indicate that Iran’s attractions are more for the girls and women who have been born in Iran than for the women who have spent much of their life in Afghanistan. The change in sustenance structure as well as the geographical environment of the Afghans who have migrated to Iran, and most of them are Hazareh, has caused the traditional system of patriarchy to be stripped of its efficiency and become greatly impressed by the Iranian society. Based on the results obtained in the present study, it was made clear that the reasons behind the women’s lack of return to their country can be divided into two general categories: A) Intra-cultural issues which are reflective of the problems and barriers existing in Afghanistan’s social and traditional structure and practically act as repelling factor hindering the women’s return to their country, though the changes occurred after the formation of Islamic Republic of Afghanistan has lighted a sparkle of hope in their hearts. B) Extra-cultural issues which stem from Iranian society’s attractants and repellents to them, especially Afghan women’s enjoyment of higher levels of freedom and security in Iran despite the problems and barriers that might exist regarding social and educational issues as factors effective on their lack of return to their country.