نشریه مطالعات ترجمه قرآن و حدیث
پیاپی 7 (بهار و تابستان 1396)

Many scholars in the field of Quran and translation have considered the translation of Mohammad Mahdi Fouladvand from the Holy Quran as one of the best contemporary translations of the Quran.And they find it reliablein terms of compliance with the source text,and applying the rules of language and expression, as well as the use of Persian phrasal vocabulary, which is often the main theme of coherence in the structure of the text.On the other hand, one of the small Quranic Surahs which, despite a small volume, speak of a variety of topics is the Surah of At-Tariq. Due to the diversity of the subject and the small volume, the quality of coherence in this chapter and its translation can be questioned.Thus, in this research,based on the evolved version of the systematic theory of Holliday and Hassan 1985.m,as well as the concept of cohesive coordination that Roghayeh Hasan introduced in 1984.m,the factors of coherence and coordination of coherence in Surah At-Tariq and its translation from Mohammad Mahdi Fouladvand were studied and reviewed selectively and inductively,based on descriptive - analytical and statistical evaluation. The author intends, with a spacious and textual view, relying on the above theory to determine the factors of coherence, coordination of coherence, and the amount of this cohesion, in the text of Surah At-Tariq and its translation, then compared both the source and destination to each other. The results of the research show that, despite the differences in the ratio of the grammatical elements and the lexical elements of the source and destination texts, both texts is coherent, also, due to the high percentage of the similarity of the target text to the source text in the way of applying the coherence factors, the translator has been able to translate successfully and reflect the meanings and concepts of translation to a large extent.

The single-use vocabulary in comparison to other vocabulary in the Holy Quran requires more precision in translating, because there are no other explanatory options in other verses and this lack of the same verse has made it difficult for them to translate. The verb "Nashata" is one of the single-use vocabulary in the Holy Quran mentioned only in verse 2 of the surah "Nazeaat". It seems that the translators in dealing with this word have been made different types of translations and have different voices.The present paper aims at analyzing the data and choosing the best translation, by classifying the approaches of translators and analyzing the Quranic data, to examine and critique the semantic forms presented by them to answer finally to this question that which translation is eventually has more credibility and is more reliable?
The result of this study is as follows: The translators have used three methods (literal, loyal and interpretive) in the translation of this verse, but, in fact, no one has been succeeded in complying with all the rules contained in the truth of the word, and consequently, it is necessary to present a corresponding meaning to the truth of the word.

One of the criticisms that apply to translations of various texts, including the Quran, islexical critique. One of the models presented in this type of critique is based on Garce's theory.
The present study intends to criticize and evaluate the lexical selections of the translation of Mousavi Garmaroudi from Quran based on the semantic level of the Garces pattern. For this purpose, first and briefly, the theory of Garces is introduced, and then, the applicable cases of this theory, based on the examples of the above translation, mentioned under separate titles and in detail.The most important findings of this research, with a descriptive-analytic approach, indicate that the Garmaroudi's translation vocabulary from the perspective of the components of Garces theory can be criticized and evaluated. This translation is regarded as an explanatory translation -explanatory and lexical explanation- which contains countless instances of similarity and equivalence -conventional and unconventional equivalent- lexical expansion and reduction, as well as the transmission of ambiguity.

One of the most important principles in the fields of semantics and translation technology is the recognition of the type of applied vocabulary in one language. If we count the source language words as the smallest translation unit, meanwhile, we will be faced with two types of general meanings: referential meaning and context meaning. The referential meaning is the first guide of translator to achieve equality in translation. In this article we have tried to, while explaining the importance of recognizing the meaning of referral in achieving accurate translation in religious texts, using descriptive-analytical method, criticize and analyze the performance of five Persian translations of sermons of Nahj al-Balagha Includes translations of Mr. Jafari, Dashti, Shahidi, Faqihi and Feyzul Islam in the translation of referential meanings of one hundred and twelve words. The result of research indicates that although the knowledge of referential meaning of words is easier than context meaning, but the translation of a work into another language is facing challenges. Some of these challenges include the lack of knowledge of structure of word and confusion in terms of form and meaning of the source language words with other words. The existence of such issues have causedto the translation of Nahj al-Balaghabe awayfrom theequality in translation.

Cohesion is a term used in the field of functional linguistics that analyzes the relationships between different constructive elements of that text in both text grammatical (structural and non-structural) and vocabulary levels. In discussing the cohesion of non-structural grammar, the four dimensions: references, relevance, substitution and elimination are considered as factors integrating text, each, among other cohesive factors, can lead to cohesion and integration of text. With regard to necessity of the principle of balance and equality in the process of translation, the reflection of each of mentioned factors in the translations, along with aligned progress with the original text, is very important. Since Nahj al-Balagha, as a coherent text, includes different cohesive kinds, it is expected that its final translations reflect these integrating elements in itself. This article, with a descriptive-analytic approach, deals with the studying and accommodating the non-structural components of grammatical cohesion in the first sermon of Nahj al-Balagha and its five selected translation. In this way, the level of translator's loyalty to the reflections of these cohesive elements was examined and finally, it was concluded that some of the translators, in the light of equivalent progress and having equality with the original text and additionally, through the selection of suitable subjects among many other elements, fully reflected the existing cohesion in the original text into their translations. There were some cases of translators who have neglected this principle; this neglect may be due to factors such as translator's style and language capacity of the destination text.

One of the important principles of Al-Zamakhshariin commentary is the use of prophetic Hadiths to study issues such as literary sciences, Quranic sciences, etc., in order to understand the meaning of the verse. Meanwhile it is noteworthy thatZamakhshari used from prophetic Hadiths in 19 cases to explain the meaning of words. In this regard, the present study, based on the analytical-describing method and a critical approach, evaluates four challenging applications in terms of the meaning of the word by analyzing the Zamakhshari's views and then reflects the result of the review of the meaning of the words in the contemporary Persian translations of the Quran. And finally, it has come to the conclusion that in the majority of cases Zamakhshari did not properly use the narratives, and on the other hand, contemporary Persian translations have not been successful in this regard, but in any case, almost the late Ayatollah Meshkini has been more successful than other translators.