نشریه پژوهش سلامت
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 8، تابستان 1396)

The aim of this study was the evaluation of working memory capacity, planning and problem-solving ability in women survivors of breast cancer compare with healthy subjects.
In this causal-comparative study, women survivors of breast cancer with history of chemotherapy along with healthy women without any history of chronic diseases using available sampling method and were selected. Data were collected using demographic characteristics questionnaire, anxiety and depression tests; Tower of London (and N-Back tests. Finally data were analyzed by SPSS software via independent t test.
The results were shown significant differences in all indicators of N-back (P=0.001) (average of correct answers and total test time) and the Tower of London test (number of movements (P=0.001), planning time (P=0.008) and thinking time (P=0.001)) in chemotherapy group compare with healthy subjects.
The results were indicated on problems in active memory and the ability to solving problem and planning among the survivals of breast cancer with a history of chemotherapy compared to non-affected counterparts. Due to the stability of effects of chemotherapy on brain functions, health professionals should follow-up side effect after treatment, in order to reduce these problems.

The prevalence of depression is so high that many therapeutic methods, including pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy, have been developed. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of distress tolerance, emotional regulation and interpersonal efficacy in the form of dialectical behavioral therapy on emotional, cognitive and physical symptoms of depression.
This research was a semi-experimental design (pre-test, post-test). Twenty-eight patients with diagnosis of post-adjuvant depression disorder were randomly assigned into 3 treatment groups (distress tolerance, emotional regulation and interpersonal efficacy) and one control group (N=8). Patients in the experimental group were treated for 8 weeks and then were examined by Beck Depression Inventory. Finally, the results were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, covariance and post hoc test (LSD) by SPSS-19 software.
All three experimental groups (distress tolerance, emotional regulation, and interpersonal efficacy) had significant improvement after treatment. Also, the results of covariance analysis indicated that, dialectical behavioral therapy resulted in significant improvement in the emotional, cognitive and physical symptoms of depression in patients with adjustment disorder.
According to these results, it seems that teaching distress tolerance skills, emotional regulation and interpersonal efficacy in the form of dialectical behavioral therapy is an effective way in treating severity of depression symptoms.

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) from various channels, directly and indirectly, affects on public health level in community. Accordingly, the major purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of FDI on health in developing countries.
This study was examined the long-term relationship between health indicator, the share of FDI in GDP, per capita physician, income per capita, enrollment rates in secondary courses and urbanization rate, by using the statistical data of 25 developing countries during the period of 1995-2014 years via Continuously-updated and Fully-Modified (Cup-FM) estimator. The statistical analyzes were performed using the STATA and GAUSS softwares.
Based on the results of the estimation model, the share of FDI in GDP, per capita physician, income per capita, enrollment rates in secondary courses and urbanization rate; improve the health indicator in the long-term. One percent increase in the share of FDI in GDP, reduce the infant mortality rate (IMR) in developing countries by about 0.07 percent, in the long-term.
Providing the necessary conditions for attracting FDI in developing countries, can promote the health in these countries

One of the factors that increases competitive ability is to improve the quality of presented service in organizations such as hospitals. Providing superior services through maintaining high quality is a prerequisite for the success of service organizations. The SERVQUAL model is one of the most commonly used tools for measuring service quality satisfaction. So the aim of this study was to assess the quality of services of selected hospitals through the SERVQUAL model.
This study was a descriptive-analytical study that conducted in 2016. The population of the study consisted of all patients which needed to outpatient care services and referred to selected hospitals. Using Morgan's table, the sample size was 398, of which 381 completed questionnaires. The main tool of this research was questionnaire based on SERVQUAL model. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 19 using descriptive statistics methods and descriptive inferential methods for explaining the research hypotheses.
Pearson correlation test was showed that there is a direct relationship between perceived service and patient satisfaction. About responsiveness: high response rate, about empathy dimension: quite location, physical factors: possessing suitable space for waiting, from reassurance: providing accurate information to patients, and about reliability: personnel's timeliness has the greatest impact on patient satisfaction. Also, reliability (r = 0.69 and p = 0.007), assurance (r=0.49, p=0.003), empathy (r=0.36,p=0.001), responsiveness (r=0.58, p=0.001) and physical factors (r=0.37, p=0.003) all have significant relationship with quality of services (P=0.00).
Significant relationship between the quality of services with patient satisfaction shows that, in order to increase the satisfaction of patients, more attention should be paid to the dimensions of the quality of services such as reliability, accountability, assurance, empathy, and physical factors, so in addition to increasing patient satisfaction, the necessary encouragement for health center service also created.

Nurses play an important role in the care and improvement of health. Financial and non-financial rewards are among the most important occupational absorbers that affect the performance of nurses. So the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of financial and non-financial rewards on perceived occupational attractiveness and job performance of nurses.
Material and This research in terms of purpose was appicable and in terms of data collection method was descriptive-correlation type. The samples were the nurses of Ahvaz City hospitals which were selected by random sampling method. Data were collected using questionaire which was validate by content validity and estimating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. SPSS22 and AMOS18 software were used to analyze the data. Also, to test the hypotheses, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation model (SEM) were used.
The findings show that benefits than to other financial rewards such as compensation, performance and appreciation compared to other dimensions of non-monetary rewards, the tendency to remain perceived than to other dimensions of occupational attractiveness and to improve the performance of other dimensions of job performance, have more efficiency. Also, financial and non-financial rewards have a significant effect on nurse's perceived job attractiveness and thus have a significant effect on nursing job performance.
The use of financial and non-financial rewards plays an important role in nurses 'perceived job attractiveness, and this leads to increased nurse's performance. Therefore, hospital officials should use non-monetary rewards in addition to financial rewards in their reward system.

Interpersonal relationships are very valuable, which makes subjects vulnerable to many problems. The continuation of healthy and dynamic interpersonal relationships requires interpersonal skills. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effective communication skills training on student's social anxiety and social phobia.
This study was a semi-experimental design with two experimental and control groups. The research samples were all female students of Islamic Azad University of Hamadan in 2014 which out of this, 16 students who obtained one score deviation higher than the mean in the fear and social anxiety inventory questionnaire of Turner, were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. Interpersonal communication skills training was conducted in 8 sessions of 90 minutes; only in the experimental group. The pre-test, post-test and follow-up were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance and independent t-test.
The results showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups after the intervention in the post-test (P = 0.001). Also, the results showed no significant difference between the two experimental and control groups in the follow-up phase compared to the pre-test.
It seems that communication skills training reduces the symptoms of social phobia by influencing on interpersonal communication factor.

Special condition of retirement period under the influence of individual and social characteristics makes it as a stressful life event. So this study was performed to evaluate the relationships between the quality of life with demographic factors in retired nurses.
This descriptive – analytical study was performed on 150 retired nurses in 2015. Data were obtained via collecting demographic information and "quality of life, SF-36" standard questionnaire and then were analyzed using SPSS version 22 thru using parametric statistical tests, Anova and T-test.
Findings were showed that the medium mean score of quality of life in body health scale (56/7 ± 9/1), medium in mental health scale (59/3 ± 9/2) and was also medium in total quality of life (58±7/7). Moreover, statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between some aspects of quality of life and some demographic characteristics like sex, physical education and history of chronic diseases.
Regarding to the results of this study and based on the medium mean score in quality of life among retired subjects and direct link between reducing of quality of life with gender and history of chronic diseases and considering the nursing as a stressful job but effective layer in the area of health, special attention for improving retried nurses quality of life is needed.

Advances in molecular biology over the past decades have contributed to a profound understanding of the function of genes in the development of diseases. The environment and nutritional factors interact with the genetic background of subject results in development of various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease and degenerative nervous disorders. However, the exact mechanisms of gene-nutrient interaction have not yet been fully elucidated. Understanding the interactions of gene-nutrients requires tools for studying nutrigenomics and phenotype characteristics. In order to revewing studies about the interactions of the gene-nutrient in cancer, I was searched in valuable databases such as PabMed, Science Direct, Medline and Scopus for the period of 2000-2015. The results of the study showed that many micronutrients and vitamins are important in the mechanisms of DNA metylation regulation. Understanding the pattern of DNA methylation through its interaction with nutrients not only addresses the pathophysiology of the disease, but also identifies endangered individuals with the goal of nutritional interventions and their health.