نشریه پلاسما و نشانگرهای زیستی
سال دهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 40، پاییز 1396)

Inroduction & Mineral materials are the most important part of the fish nutrition subjects diet because they represent a very low quantity in the diet but they have a high effect on fish physiology and metabolism. The aim of this study was investigate the effect of different level of zinc sulfate (ZnSo4) on hematocrit and hematology for assess the effects of this mineral matter on goldfish health.
Experimental diets prepared with four levels(four treatments and each treatment include three repetitions) 0, 25, 75 and 125 mg/kg. Healthy fish with average weight 3.3 ± 0.10 and average length 3.5 ± 0.2 was maintained in 400 liter tanks with temperature 28 ± 1, pH 7.5 ± 0.5 and hardness 286 ± 1.2 and feed for 60 days and end the trial hematocrit and hematology parameter was measured.
Result of analysis the hematological parameter of fish feed with different levels of zinc showed that white blood cells (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) and mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) in our experimental treatments did not show a significant difference (p≥0.05) but in red blood cells (RBC), hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin (Hb) there was significant difference between treatments (p≤0.05). Red blood cell count, hematocrit and hemoglobin in zinc sulfate treatments (treatments 2, 3 and 4) had higher values and the highest value was in group 4 (150 mg kg zinc sulfate), which there was significant difference between 2 and 3 treatments also had a significant difference with control group.
The results shows that zinc in the diet stimulate the immune system and can have positive effects on the health and hematological factors of goldfish.

Inroduction & Sertraline is one of the most widely used antidepressant drug;however ,it has some side effect on different parts of body like endocrine axis.the research have studied the effect of sertraline on the concentration of LH, FSH,Testosterone and Dihydrotetosterone and testicular tissue changes.
Material and In This experimental study 40 adult male rats of wistar were divided in to 4 groups of ten: The control group received normal diet,shame group took group received normal saline as a solvent and experimental groups, received 10, 50 mg per kg body weight serteraline. At the end of 21th days, blood samples and levels of FSH, LH, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were measured. also preparation of tissue sections of testis tissue. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS software using ANOVA and ttest.
The levels of LH, FSH, Testosterone ,and Dihydrotestosterone in the experimental groups receiving 50, 10 mg/kg Sertraline was significantly decrease compared to the control and sham groups(P Sertraline causes male sexual imblances by changing in LH,FSH,testosterone and dihydrotestosterone hormone concentration.

Inroduction & One of the most important economic traits in sheep is twining. Genetic studies have identified a set of genes that affect twining with major effects called fertility genes. One of them is GDF9 gene that have been identifying on sheep chromosome 5. This study conducted to investigate the GDF9 gene polymorphism and its relationship with prolificacy trait in Karakul sheep breed.
Material and Blood samples and birth data collected from 100 Karakul sheep at the Karakul breeding station of Sarakhs-Iran. After DNA extraction one pair of specific primer selected to amplify a 1503 bp fragment of the gene and Rsa I enzyme was used to digest the amplified fragment. The results showed a mutation at GDF9 locus in Karakul sheep. The relationship between genotypes and twining rate investigated using SAS 9.1 software.
The results showed a significant relationship (P Therefore, the mutation in GDF9 gene is a useful mutation and fix it will increase twining rate and will ultimately increase revenue.

Inroduction & In this study, investigated effects of carotenoid, equivalent to natural lycopene in different leveles of tomato powder on growth and survival rates as well as carotenoids deposition of silver dollar fish (Metynnis hypsauchen).
Material and Fishes were fed with 5 different diets and were reared in three replicates for each treatment (15 experimental units) in a completely randomized design for 8 weeks. the five experimental diets included a negative control without any pigment material and positive control containing 20 mg/kg of synthetic astaxanthin and three dietary treatments respectively including 15, 20 and 25 mg/kg of total carotenoid, equivalent to natural lycopene. The total length and total weight was measured to investigate the status of fish growth and in order to measure the accumulation of carotenoids in the skin and muscle, was used from spectrophotometry.
The length, weight, gain weight, condition factor and Special growth factor of treatments especially in entire experimental period were lower related to negative and positive control treatments. The amount of carotenoids in the skin and muscle tissues of fish in all treatments was observed higher than the negative control. In experimental treatments with increasing concentration of natural carotenoid in the diets had increased the carotenoid skin and muscle tissues (p≤0.05).
Counclusion: Low performance between different indexes of growth in experimental treatments, represents presence of limiting factors of growth, the high fiber and low fat Content in tomato powder experimental treatments. Reducing the storage of carotenoids in comparison with the positive control treatment and increasing its storage compared to non-pigmented treatment in experimental treatments indicates inadequate and ineffective metabolism of carotenes in tomato powder in silver dollar fish.

Inroduction & Caspian Sea is an enclosed ecosystem, which contains valuable aquatic species. This ecosystem is under the influence of pollutants and environmental factors which put the life of inhabitant species in danger. To investigate the structure and histology of digestive system accessory glands of newly hatched larvae of Caspian Kutum, Rutilus frisii kutum, the larvae of this fish were examined.
Material and First of all, the larvae were fixed in bouin solution and after the common protocol of the histology, 6 μm thick sections were modified and after the staining of haematoxylin and eosin the sections were studied using light microscope.
The accessory glands of digestive system were: liver, hepatopancreas, gall bladder and the yolk sac. Yolk sac was a large structure at the ventral side of the body made of the yolk cells. Liver was made up of hepatocytes which were multidimensional cells sited around the hepatic sinusoids. Bile ducts were observed in liver and ended up in to a gall bladder. At the terminal part of the liver tissue there was a hepathopancreas composed of eosinophilic exocrine cells.
Counclusion:Results of the present study showed that the accessory glands of digestive system in newly hatched larvae of Caspian kutum were totally formed and practical waiting for opening of the mouth to complete the secretory duty of themselves.

Inroduction & The aim of the study was to study the effects of different levels of prebiotic galactooligosaccharide (GOS) on antioxidantdefense system in zebrafish (Danio rerio) as model organism.
Material and A total number of 420 fish (45±0.1 mg) were supplied and randomly stocked in 60 L aquariums assigned to four treatments repeated in triplicates. Fish were with four experimental diets contain0, 0.5, 1 and 2% prebiotic for 8 weeks. At the end of feeding trial, total antioxidant activity as well as expression of antioxidant defense related genes Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD).
The obtained results revealed that administration of different levels of GOS had no significant effects on total antioxidant activity (P>0.05). Also, gene expression studies showed that CAT expression was remarkably down-regulated in fish fed 0.5 and 2% GOS (P0.05). Evaluation of SOD gene expression revealed significant down regulation in prebiotic fed fish (0.5, 1 and 2%) compared control group (P0.05).
Counclusion: Based on these results, it seems that administration of GOS in zebra fish diet downregulates antioxidant defense related genes without any effect on total antioxidant activity.

Inroduction & One way to evaluate the physiological characteristics of the fish to determine the blood that is superior to other methods, easier and less costly. In this study, determination and comparison of some blood factors rainbow trout fed with manual and commercial (pellet) food diet was done.
Testing for 8 weeks in both groups, with a total of 60 fish from each group were done. Blood samples were collected from the fish using the caudal vein cut and each blood parameters in hematology laboratory values were measured.
: the results of this study showed that blood on the white blood cells, red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit trout fed commercial diets and manual significant difference(P 0.05) and the mean corpuscular volume, corpuscular hemoglobin, neutrophils, lymphocytes and eosinophils, there is no difference(P> 0.05). The results showed that blood biochemical parameters of glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, phosphorus, chloride, iron and albumin significantly different(P 0.05), but the amount of calcium, potassium, sodium, urea and total protein no there is no significant difference(P> 0.05). Also, in terms of Spar aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase significant difference between the two groups(P 0.05).
The results of this study suggest that the type of diet can affect blood indices fish.

Inroduction & Treatment methods for breast cancer are not specific and each one has its own drawbacks. For this reason, scientists are seeking ways of which specifically affect cancer cells. Photothermal therapy is a method that uses near-infra red (NIR) laser energy to create sufficient heat to destroy cancer cells. In this study, the photothermal effect of gold nanorods (GNRs) was investigated for breast cancer treatment in vitro.
GNRs with peak absorption of 808 nm were synthesized and coated with Poly ethilen glycol (PEG). After confirming the characteristics of the prepared complex, the therapeutic effect of new agent was studied on SK-BR-3 cell line by using the NIR laser.
The cytotoxcicity assay showed the biocompatibility of PEGylated GNRs complex. Through the in vitro photothermal study, significant cell death was observed in breast cancer cells incubated with the complex along with the laser irradiation. The biodistribusion study showed the appropriate localization of new agent in vital organs after 24 h in mouse model.
In summary, the present study reports the successful treatment of Breast cancer cells by the prepared photothermal agent using. Labeling of gold nanoparticles(such as antibodies) can improve the treatment efficiency and prevent damage to healthy cells that need further studies.