Journal of Skin and Stem Cell
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Mar 2020

Bee products are frequently suggested as possible treatments for dermatological problems by protagonists of apitherapy, which is a discipline within the field of complementary and alternative medicine. Unfortunately, apitherapists do not support their health claims. This review was to identify potential uses of bee products in the field of dermatology.
Evidence Acquisition: Randomized and non-randomized clinical trials, case-control studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses on the topics were identified using various search engines.

Evidence suggests that bee products may be a reasonable treatment option for wound infections, burns, radiodermatitis, infections with herpes viruses, atopic dermatitis, rosacea, scars, cutaneous warts, acne, psoriasis, facial wrinkles, and intertrigo.

There are several applications for bee products in the field of dermatology, for instance treatment of wound infections with honey and herpes infections with propolis

Dermal fillers are a mainstay of aesthetic medicine. Currently, the most common ingredient in fillers in hyaluronic acid (HA). However, there was an evolution of products that brought us to where we are today. We review the fillers from fat to synthetic fillers in this review paper. We present notable figures in history who used such fillers and key legislation on the use of such fillers. The early evolution of the use of volumization has been reviewed. This is an important milestone in the history of fillers that is rather brief in the present literature

The use of a biologic agent, ustekinumab, for psoriasis has lead to an observation of tumor growth retardation in a patient with unresectable pancreatic cancer. High circulating levels of interleukin-23 have been found in certain cancers.

This case report of an 86 year old gentleman with psoriasis and pancreatic cancer highlights a pre-liminary role of interleukin 23 blockade in altering the tumor microenvironment of certain cancers to influence their growth and metastases.

29 months since his diagnosis this patients remains well with no metastases, no secondary symptoms from an obstructive malignancy, and has demonstrated no significant tumor progression despite no curative therapy. Ustekinumab has been the only immunotherapy he has received since his diagnosis and his existing medications remained unchanged. Preliminary evidence for interleukin 23 inhibition and tumor retardation is present however larger studies investigating in vivo levels of interleukin 23 in cancer patients and subsequent blockade is necessary to substantiate a possible new target in pancreatic cancer.

Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, recurrent, and non-scarring condition resulting in hair loss, which may affect all hair-bearing areas. There are three clinical patterns: patch AA, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis. Patients may show spontaneous recovery or respond well to treatment, but the disease may follow a course of relapse.

We report a case of recurrent alopecia totalis following successful treatment six years prior to the current visit. A 19-year-old female of Asian descent was admitted to our clinic due to recurrent hair loss in the last three months. Six years prior, she was diagnosed with alopecia totalis. After four years in remission, she started to have patchy hair loss. Dermatological examination revealed six nummular well-defined alopecia patches all over her parietal, temporal, and occipital scalp. She was treated with triamcinolone injection and light-emitting diode (LED). Additionally, topical minoxidil and hydrocortisone butyrate scalp solution were applied daily. Oral Inosine pranobex was administered twice a week. One year after the first re-administration of the therapy, complete remission was achieved.

Relapse in AA is common. Patients should be informed during education and counseling. Long term follow-up is essential in managing patients with AA.

The number of skin biopsies has increased over the last three decades, but benchmarks based on the number of biopsies required to capture skin cancers are lacking. To determine themost common dermatopathology diagnoses, reports of all 85,785 dermatopathology specimens examined in the Department of Dermatology at the University of Florida from January 2017 to December 2017 were reviewed. 78,353 non-excisional specimens were evaluated for diagnosis. 7,432 excisional specimens consisting of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC),melanoma, and dysplastic nevi were evaluated for residual tumor andmarginal status. The fifteenmost common diagnoses accounted for 84% of all biopsies, and an additional 30 entities accounted for 12% of all biopsies. The remaining 4% of cases were composed of only 206 diagnoses. This pattern reflects current dermatology practice in the United States, wherein the 20 most commonly encountered diseases account for 85.4% of all diagnoses made by dermatologists. Among the total number of biopsies, 90.7% of specimens were neoplasms and 9.3% were inflammatory or infectious disorders. Uncommon (4%) and inflammatory or infectious (9.3%) disorders comprise a small minority of academic dermatopathology, with implications for resident and fellowship training.

Melasma is a common acquired disorder of hyperpigmentation, characterized classically by the presence of symmetrical, light-to-dark, muddy-brown macules with borders on the face, especially the forehead, cheeks, upper lip, chin, and nose. Knowledge of an increase in free radicals and decreased antioxidants in patients with melasma led to the belief that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of melasma. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant that can be used as a parameter to assess the antioxidant-free radical activity in the pathogenesis of melasma.

The study aimed to determine the correlation between erythrocyte glutathione levels and the severity of melasma.

A case series study was done from May to July 2018 in the Outpatient Clinic of Dermatology and Venereology Department, Dr. Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang. Thirty female patients met the inclusion criteria. The independent variable was the erythrocyte glutathione level, and the dependent variable was the melasma severity. The diagnosis was established based on clinical examinations, and the severity was determined by the modified Melasma Area Severity Index (mMASI) score. The correlation between variables was analyzed using Spearman Rho’s test (P < 0.05). The data analysis was done with SPSS version 20.0 (SPSS, Inc Chicago, Illinois).

Thirty female patients were diagnosed with melasma. The mean mMASI score was 8.72 ± 5.14 (2.0 to 16.9). Most of the participants had mild melasma (46.7%). The mild group had the highest mean erythrocyte glutathione level (4.05 ± 0.63 µmol/g) and the lowest mean erythrocyte glutathione level was in the severe group (1.79 ± 0.16 µmol/g). There was a very strong negative correlation between erythrocyte glutathione levels and melasma severity (r = -0.907; P = 0.000).

There was a very strong negative correlation between erythrocyte glutathione levels and melasma severity

Biomimetics is a novel field of science that takes inspiration from nature and biological organisms to create and design forms. This knowledge can help improve the conditions of a building form. The form is the manifestation of architecture, and the initial insight into a form is figured out by observing its external shell. Therefore, the composition and the type of interactions of a shell with its surrounding forces determine the quality of this important element in construction.

One of the most obvious patterns that have similar features with the outer shell of the building is the human skin, so the structural features of the skin can be used as a source of inspiration in production or improvement of the form’s outer shell. The skin is a vital and the widest living organ of the body. It is one of the most complex and active organs with such capabilities in transforming the human body as an efficient microclimate that can favor the situation of its internal organs and plays an important role in self-repair, energy absorption, and thermal insulation.

In this study, we tried to use the structural features of the skin to provide suitable ideas for improving and upgrading the outer shell of the building form. Applying these capabilities in the structure of a building form would lead to the creation of a smart, usable, and expandable architecture with a favorable geometrical performance that will adapt to the surrounding environmental conditions, including climate, pressure, etc.