Journal of Skin and Stem Cell
Volume:3 Issue: 4, Dec 2016

 Melanoma is an invasive type of skin cancer, with a rapidly increasing incidence. Therefore, new approaches are required to treat this aggressive cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are introduced as novel components in melanoma. This review study aimed to determine the relationship between melanoma and miRNAs.

 Prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic applications of miRNAs in skin cancer have been recently investigated from different aspects. Some of these studies on miRNAs were reviewed, and the mechanisms of some genetic modifications were determined in this study.

Since recommendations for miRNAs have increased in the past decades, and scientists have confirmed their great efficacy in multiple aspects of cancer treatment, different strategies have been developed considering their therapeutic effects. Therefore, further studies are required to confirm miRNA application in melanoma treatment.

This review study included various investigations concerning miRNA traces as molecular rearrangements in melanoma. It was revealed that multiple miRNAs are efficient in molecular signaling and can be used as prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic biomarkers. Although the exact relationship between aberrant expression of miRNAs and cancers has been confirmed, further studies are required to introduce more thorough and accurate applications of miRNAs in melanoma

There is extensive evidence on the healing properties of honey. Therefore, in this study the effect of nano zinc and nano-albumin combination in topical treatment of third-degree burn was evaluated.

In this experimental study, 16 adult male mice were randomly divided to experimental group 1 (treated with honey and nano-zinc), experimental group 2 (treated with nano-albumin and honey), experimental group 3 (treated with honey, nano-albumin, and nano-zinc), and group 4 (no treatment). Under sterile conditions and using general anesthesia, third-degree burns on the back of each mouse was created. Topical burn treatment was performed once a day for 6 weeks, and after the end of treatment, the mice were scarified by anesthesia and then a sample of wound bed of mice was prepared and fixed in formalin. A histological process was performed on the samples. The specimens were stained with H and E staining and microscopic observations were made.

At the macroscopic level, after the treatment of burn wounds, shrinkage of burn wound and scar reduction was observed in honey and nano-zinc treated group compared to the control and other treated groups. Histological studies showed a significant increase in total thickness of dermal and epidermal layers of skin in this experimental group compared to other groups (P < 0.05).

The results showed that the combination of organic honey and nano-zinc could accelerate the healing of burn wounds in mice, while adding nano-albumin to the mixture had opposite effects and could delay wound healing.

Fibroblasts are the most prominent cells of the skin. Consequently, skin aging depends predominantly on these cells. Applying herbs in anti-aging, antioxidant, anti-pollutant, anti-bacterial, and anti-inflammatory formulas are now growing. On the basis of the fact that Iranian traditional medicine has utilized herbs for several centuries in order to improve various kinds of health issues, Rosemarinus officinalis leaf extract and Altheae officinalis root extract have been selected for evaluating their effects on viability and proliferation on HDF in comparison to modern cosmeceutical approaches including growth factor application as anti-aging ingredients. This survey has been performed for assessing the effect of herbs on proliferation, viability, and differentiation of cells.

Human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) were isolated from the human foreskin. The methods used for viability measurement of fibroblasts were Tripan blue and Bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu) incorporation assays, which were used to study the cell proliferation effect of herbal extracts in HDF.

HDF were isolated by tissue culture. Herbal extracts and bFGF were found to induce significant proliferation and viability of HDFs at concentrations ranging from 10 to 20 µL/mL and 15 to 25 µL/mL and were reduced in presence of 1 and 5 μM of LBSO as the positive control to assess the oxidant potential of this substance.

These results suggest that herbal extract may have inhibitory effects on senescence of dermal fibroblasts and suggesting that herbal extracts may be a good candidate to utilize in anti-aging, wound, and burn healing formulations and products.

Previous research declares that metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of risk factors that contribute to a significant level of incidence of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. Lichen Planus (LP) is a potential factor to affect dyslipidemia and other components of MS.

The aim of this research was to assess the association of MS, dyslipidemia, weight, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus with cutaneous LP.

To reach the goal of this research, a case-control study was designed. The study sample included 140 participants dividing into two groups of 70. The first group was selected from cutaneous LP patients while the second group was selected randomly. The groups were matched in terms of age and gender.

The results of this research demonstrated that MS was present in 41 (58.6%) LP patients vs. 12 (17.1%) controls. (OR: 6.83; P value < 0.001). All metabolic syndrome criteria were significantly common among LP patients except for decreased high density of lipoprotein level. Dyslipidemia was observed in 57 (81.42%) patients vs. 25 (31.7%) controls (OR: 7.8; P value < 0.001). No statistically significant association was found between gender, the concomitant involvement of oral mucosa, hair, or nail and MS.

Based on the results of this research, it can be concluded that cutaneous LP is in association with a significant level of risk for metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. It can also be concluded that the investigation of cardiovascular risk factors in these patients and focusing on the modification of their lifestyle and comorbidities are the other essential issues.

Self - healing juvenile cutaneous mucinosis (SHJCM) is an extremely rare disorder that manifests by sudden onset papules and nodules in juvenile patients that primarily affects the face and peri - articular areas. There are a few reports (less than 20 cases) of Self - healing juvenile cutaneous mucinosis (SHJCM), especially self - healing adult - type cutaneous mucinosis (less than 5 cases). This report presents an alcoholic 23 - year - old male with hard nodular mucinous lesions that was progressively converted to the soft papular type. To the best of the author’s knowledge an d based on the literature, this is a new pattern of mucinous lesions in conjunction with alcohol consumption, as a new probable triggering factor. Due to the self - limiting nature of this disorder, the diagnosis should be kept in the physician’s mind to prevent unnecessary diagnostic or aggressive therapeutic approaches in acute onset cutaneous mucinous