پژوهش نامه تاویلات قرآنی
پیاپی 5 (پاییز و زمستان 1399)

With the beginning of the translation movement in the second and third centuries AH, the entry of rational sciences into the Islamic world, the evolution of theology and the development of theological disciplines among Muslims, the scholars of the Islamic world sought to learn these sciences. The combination of these factors caused the theological views of Muslim scholars to appear in their various writings, including interpretive and theological views. Using descriptive-analytical method, this research seeks to answer the question of what effects theological views have had on the formation and formulation of the rules of Arabic grammar. Analytical descriptive study of this issue indicates that the important role of theology in the development and regulation of syntactic views in various chapters such as: syntactic causes, conflict, the position of the subject and the object and the Arabs of the two, and ... causes issues such as factor and Common, syntactic causes, appearances of major and minor Arabs, chapters and partial rules of grammar became fully apparent.

Quranic interpretation (Tawil) has various meanings for Quranic scholars. Tawil means the abstraction of the general concept from the verse which has revealed regarding the especial event and extend its meaning upon similar items in deferent times and places. Based on this, throughout the history of interpretation, Imams and their subsequent exegete and commentators interpret the Quran based on this rule. Among the verses that can be interpreted on this basis is the verse 5 in chapter 14. In this verse, Allah ordered Moses to remember the days of God for his people. According to the accepted meaning of Tawil, this research thorough descriptive – analytical method tries to answer the questions: what’s the meaning of Days of Allah? How can be interpreted on the currents of the Islamic Revolution? For answer to these questions, after extracting the constituent elements of the verse that is ‘’leadership’’, “people” and “time”, with the help of formula “What is valid is the general meaning of the word, not the specific meaning”, the general and broad concept has been abstracted from the verse. Then the verse is applied and adapted to the currents of the Islamic Revolution of Iran including 22 Bahman in the year 1357 and so on.

Therefore, it is necessary to examine the impact of their views on interpretation and Quranic sciences. The major question of this research, which has been written in descriptive, analytical, narrativeical and basic methods, is How the Akhbarians act and think in the "muhkam" and the "mutashabeh" of the Qur'an and the interpretation of "mutashabeh". The achievement of the this article It is: Belief in the coexistence of verbal similarity and semantic similarity in area of "nature and scope of rules and similarity"; That a "mutashabeh" verse is a text in which the opposite meaning is probable and a "muhkam" verse is a text that is not this; To know "muhkam" and "mutashabeh" in this way: consists of one semantic aspect or different semantic aspects; To consider texts that have a clear meaning in the category of "muhkam" And that we should consider general appearances, Complexes, and Verbal subscriber as "mutashabeh"; That "muhkam" has the ability to refer and follow the commentators, but in "mutashabeh" with not having this possibility, its nessesary stop and this knowledge should be left only to the infallibles (Peace be upon them);And that is nessasary Do not attribute "tashabuh motlagh" to the infallibles (Peace be upon them) but consider it to be exclusive to non-infallible commentators ; And that moderate Akhbaris say that regardless of the theoretical rulings of the Qur'an, "mutashabeh" also return to the The phrase seeks to express the achievements of the article in the form of an incomplete news compound.

One of the most challenging issues related to understanding the Qur'an is the issue of "interpretation", which has been closely linked to theological disputes for centuries.And theological schools, based on their epistemological presuppositions, have used or opposed it in understanding the Qur'an.The culmination of the discussion of this issue is manifested in the understanding of the news attributes of God that most theological sects consider these attributes as similar and interpret them.But others refuse to interpret by insisting on the appearance of the verses. Recognizing and enumerating different approaches in this field and evaluating their strengths and weaknesses, requires a comparative study of them with each other.This article seeks to provide a clear picture of various theological approaches to the problem of "interpretation" by studying the ancient sources of Islamic difference and using the method of "description and analysis".The results of the research indicate that there are two main theological approaches in this regard: 1) metaphorical approach and 2) purgatory approach, which includes three purgatory readings of the delegates, Mu'tazilites and Imams.

Zarkashi, one of the Sunni critics, considers the Shiite interpretations to be contrary to reason and sharia due to the interpretation of many verses on the Imams (as) and cites a number of Shiite interpretations to confirm his opinion and considers them incorrect. . In this regard, after examining his views on the ventricle and interpretation, examples of Shiite esoteric interpretations will be based on narrations and in accordance with the criteria of ventricular authenticity and Sunni interpretation. The findings of the research are that the main Shiite interpretations are of the type of Jari and Tabbiyyah, which are indicated by narrations and are also approved by the Sunnis, and in some cases the verse has different examples; Including: 1- Expressing a special instance: In some verses, both the cause of revelation and its instances are special; Like the verses of Velayat, the first of the matter ... 2- Expression of general instance: Word and meaning have the authority to accept multiple instances. 3- Explaining the example of atom and perfection: The verse has several examples that do not have the same rank and some of its people are in a higher rank. Therefore, an attempt is made to analyze the Shiite interpretations in order to clarify the interpretations of the verses on the Ahl al-Bayt (AS).

The discussion of the interpretation of the Qur'an and what it means to interpret the verses of the Qur'an has long been the focus of Qur'anic scholars because the Holy Qur'an has assigned knowledge to it to a special group and introduced misplaced interpretation as the source of many deviations; Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the dimensions of this issue in the face of the distortions that are raised and propagated in the name of religion. In this study, by examining the views of Salafi elders in a library and comparing them with the views of Allameh Tabatabai, it was found that the elders of the Salafi sect have mentioned different meanings for interpretation: interpretation, meaning contrary to appearance, one of the meanings of the verse that only God and firm in knowledge know And the external reality to which the word returns; Allameh Tabatabai considers these meanings to be problematic and considers the interpretation of the verses to be the same truth and reality on which the verses of the Qur'an are documented and based; Examining Allameh's words, it was found that his problems do not include the above meanings and the interpretation can be used in a meaning that all the above meanings are examples of it and verse seven of Surah Al-Imran refers to all these meanings.