Journal of Particle Science and Technology
Volume:7 Issue: 2, Winter 2021

There have been substantial theoretical advances in the field of condensed matter physics in recent years. These significant developments have spanned many different principles. For example, accelerated research into understanding how quantum field theory is connected to physics has attracted a lot of attention from other domains. In particular, exciton and magnetoexciton coupled systems are popular due to their compatibility with experimental research. This study investigated and presented a theoretical description of electron-hole–photon interactions and excitonization in a microcavity nano-quantum environment based on QED, QFT, and quanto-relativistic behavior of the electron-hole coupled system. This work represents conversion, a main theoretical and applied physics subject, including electronic technologies, electro-photo catalysts, super batteries capacitors, qubits, quantum computation, and magneto-excitonic solar cells. The quanto-relativistic mass and the coupled electron-hole systems were investigated using the Rytova-Keldysh and Coulomb potential in a free exciton system. The ground and excited coupled state energy and mass of free exciton as an atomic system in the oscillator explanation of a symplectic group were determined. This projective method is in line with other theoretical methods and could be useful to study and predicate several different multi-excitons exotic systems and determine the angular velocity of exotic coupled states and relativistic mass of particles, which is important in mono elemental or non-mono elemental nanolayers materials.

Sponge-like porous cerium oxide particles were prepared through the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis process. Then, the synthesized powder was used to modify the carbon paste electrode (CPE/porous CeO2) for voltammetric determination of uric acid (UA) in biological fluids. Under optimal conditions, the linear concentration-response relationship was in the range of 0.25-10 and 10-300 µM, and a detection limit of 60 nM (S/N=3) was obtained. In addition, the proposed sensor showed excellent selectivity towards UA over common co-existing species such as ascorbic acid, ibuprofen, dopamine, and acetaminophen. Good repeatability of sensor responses (Relative standard deviation (RSD) < 3.2%), superior reproducibility (RSD < 2.8%), and excellent storage stability (error < 5% after 1 month storage at room temperature) along with appropriate recovery values (in the range of 99.2 -102.7%) demonstrate the applicability of CPE/porous CeO2 for the determination of UA levels in biological fluids.

Several theoretical approaches for predicting performance parameters (collection efficiency, pressure drop, and velocities) of cyclone separators have been developed due to their extensive use in particle handling industries. Expensive and time-consuming experiments to analyze the swirling flow inside the cyclone separators could be avoided with reliable theoretical approaches. However, there are only a limited number of cyclone theory evaluations in the literature. This study investigated the accuracy of cyclone theories by comparing experimental and numerical data at a particle loading rate of 1.0 g.m-3 operating at 5 and 10 m.s-1. General agreements between the theories were revealed by Muschelknautz’s theory for collection efficiency and Shepherd and Lapple’s theory for pressure variations at low solid loading conditions; disagreements were found to be due to the theories’ insensitivity to influences from the particle phase and the frictional wall effect inside cyclone separators.

Nanotechnology plays an important role in the current construction industry. It has been observed that several properties of cement-based concrete are affected by different nano materials. In this study, different weight percentages of nano-silica (0, 1, 2, and 4 wt%) were used to build geopolymer specimens. The mechanical properties of the specimens were then measured, including the compressive and flexural strength. Results demonstrated that increasing the percentage of nano-silica from 0 to 4 wt% increases the compressive strength of the specimens from 50.4 to 75.2 MPa and the flexural strength from 11.4 to 26.2 MPa. Furthermore, it was observed that the ultrasonic pulse velocity was altered by increasing SiO2 (nano-silica), decreasing the ultrasonic pulse rate from 7.0 to 4.5 km.s-1.

The silica sand from the vast Elwadi Elgedid desert is an important potential resource. However, before it can be used industrially, its quality needs to be improved by reducing the ratios of iron and titanium oxides. The current study investigated several different methods of this silica’s beneficiation process with regard to the cost of beginning a possible metal-silicon industry. Foremost, looked at autogenesis disintegration, dry screening, and dry-high intensity magnetic separation using Eriez rare earth rolls belt speed 114 rpm, splitting angle 95o. Then moved on to acid leaching via oxalic and sulfuric acids.  The analysis of silica sand concentrate reveals 98.80% SiO2 with 0.40% Al2O3, 0.06% Fe2O3, 0.03% TiO2, and 0.38 LOI. This processed silicon sand is currently unsuitable for the metallurgical silicon, solar silicon, and even semi-conductor industries. However, it is suitable for grade F uses, including colored glass containers according to British standards (B.S.) and sheet and plate glass according to the American Ceramic Society and National Bureau of Standard. It is considered medium-grade according to Indian standards specifications (I.S.), making it suitable for pale-coloured glass wares. Moreover, it is suitable for foundry paints, plastics, polymer compounds, rubber, sealants, resins, adhesives, and ceramics industries.

This study investigates phosphate removal from aqueous solution by synthetic mordenite and modified clinoptilolite zeolite. The mordenite zeolite was synthesized using the solvothermal method, and natural clinoptilolite zeolite was modified by ultrasound energy and manganese dioxide. The adsorbents were characterized by utilizing X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images, energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), and the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) method. This study investigated the adsorption behavior of the two adsorbents, including the influence of solid/liquid ratio, contact time, initial concertation, and modification of the adsorption process, adsorption kinetics, and isotherms. The maximum phosphate adsorption capacity of the modified synthetic mordenite and the modified clinoptilolite are 23.06 and 17.9 mg.g-1, respectively, which is higher than the values reported in other studies. The present study shows that the amount of adsorption of modified synthetic mordenite for phosphate removal is higher than the modified clinoptilolite zeolite. The kinetics study shows that the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation better describes the adsorbents' adsorption behavior. The isotherms study suggests that the adsorption process of synthetic mordenite and modified clinoptilolite zeolite follow the Langmuir and Freundlich models, respectively.