نشریه دانش انتظامی آذربایجان غربی
پیاپی 57 (زمستان 1401)

Investigating the effect of the neighbor and plain neighbor in reducing crime and improving the security of Urmia, is a consequence-oriented study with the aim of investigating the effect of using neighborhood forces and plaintiff in reducing crime after about one year of implementation of the plan of the capital of West Azerbaijan province and the use of these forces in various law enforcement units of the province. In particular, frontline units such as police stations, checkpoints and law enforcement departments have been done to investigate the above impact, ways to increase productivity, removing potential barriers and making tactical and technical changes in order to impact whatever most of these forces should perform to reduce crime. The research method of this survey research and its statistical population targets the staff of police stations, checkpoints and law enforcement departments According to Cochran's formula, the sample size was 258 people. Sampling method was a simple random method where research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that has been used to assess its validity by the method of content validity and formal agreement of experts and experts. The results of the research, while confirming the significance of testing the hypotheses, show that the Bani and Dasht Bani neighborhoods are decreasing. In essence, crime reduction and improving the security of Urmia have been effective.

In the current legal system of Iran, judicial officers are divided into two categories: general officers and special officers. General officers include the law enforcement forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, who are considered officers in all crimes. Numerous factors are involved in the formation of criminal cases, the most important of which are judicial officers. It has a lot. Judicial officers are one of the levers that can help the judicial system and the NAJA to achieve better and more desirable affairs. The purpose of the present study is to study judicial officers as one of the powerful arms of the judicial system and the NAJA. The present research has been done in an analytical-descriptive manner and various sources have been used to collect information. Undoubtedly, manpower is one of the important components in improving the quantitative and qualitative level of the criminal investigation process. Without trained, specialized and skilled manpower, it is not possible to provide appropriate criminal justice and necessary judicial development in the country. be. Therefore, judicial officers are one of the main pillars of NAJA in the current era.

According to the requirements of the country's criminal system, the issuance of a check that leads to non-payment or the issuance of a certificate of non-payment by the bank, by the legislator with the purpose of protecting the check holder and systematizing the status and financial and economic interactions of individuals, non-payable check It is considered a crime and is subject to punishment according to the law. Therefore, this crime is included in one of the specific punishments in the section of crimes against property, therefore, in order to improve the performance and determine the regulations surrounding this crime, it is important to examine it from a general perspective. Two of the important topics in Iran's general criminal law are the investigation of crimes in terms of the place of crime and the law governing it, as well as the institutions of friendship, which are among the innovations of the Islamic Penal Code in 1992. By studying the aforementioned topics in the Islamic Penal Code and including the articles of the above law on all crimes and punishments are clear that the crime of issuing non-payable checks is also subject to these regulations, so it is important to examine the present issue such as postponing the issuance of punishment and its conditions and how to deal with this crime along with a transnational element.

Crews of the Police Chief Command of Islamic Republic of Iran are one of the important institutions in establishing the country's security and order thanks to their critical and vital missions. Personnel of FARAJA are exposed to many dangers and harms because of the nature of some missions they are facing with. The importance of FARAJA’s missions is so that the smallest slip by any of the law enforcement personnel brings a big blow to the legal personality of the organization and reduces the public trust in police. The purpose of this research is to know the concept of conservation, the reasons for the importance of this subject, and why and how to protect the personnel of law enforcement police. This research is conducted by descriptive and analytical methods and is accompanied by reviewing books and articles in the field of law enforcement in addition to gathering a dataset in order to explain the role of commanders and generals in administrative health and prevention of corruption among the personnel of law enforcement. Intelligent managers and commanders know that organizational health can be harmed by environmental threats and thus, they are trying to promote and maintain administrative health which is one of the important issues to focus at. For this reason, managers try to discover new ways in order to achieve and promote administrative health. On the other hand, achievement of organization’s goals and mission depends on administrative health. This in turn has caused some organizational studies to seek solutions to promote administrative health. Imam Ali’s management practices (PBUH) can be a good source for managers and researchers to identify and deduce appropriate strategies to improve administrative health. The findings of this study bolds the importance of self-preservation in Islam which is always considered by infallible imams and prophets and traditions. Acting upon these narratives and traditions causes the human to avoid committing acts of evil in personal and social life. Additionally, in the context of "how to protect” the staff, create a dialogue space between employees and managers with the aim of meeting the needs of employees and their problems, establishing an organization justice in dismissals and appointments, holding educational classes by the political conscience organization in order to familiarize attendees with the concept of conservation and its religious aspects, providing welfare to personnel, and protecting the personnel of law enforcement personnel is of utmost importance.

According to the history of Iran, law enforcement officers under various titles always had a special place in the government and judicial system because of helping to maintain and enforce the law, discovering the crime and prosecuting the accused. The establishment of security, implementation of justice, social discipline, prevention of crime, identification of factors and mechanisms of crime incidence and increasing the confidence and trust of the entire society depends on positive interaction of law enforcement officers with the judiciary. The results of the present study show that the law enforcement officers, in addition to legally following the judicial authority, they have the responsibility to report the crime to the judicial authority, which is considered as one of the ways of informing the court about the occurrence of crime and thus controlling it. Additionally, law enforcement officers beside their important duties also have powers in which these powers differ in terms of whether the crime is visible or invisible.