نشریه مطالعات مدیریت شهری
پیاپی 54 (تابستان 1402)

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing social networks on the creation of sports businesses and providing a paradigm model.The present study was based on the purpose of the type of fundamental research and was conducted according to exploratory information and using the foundation theory method. The data collection tool was a deep semi-structured interview. The statistical population includes experts, professors, managers, business owners, entrepreneurs, and sports consultants, and the targeted sampling method with snowball technique. The collected data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding, and the final pattern was extracted.The final model of the total causal conditions (24 concepts and 2 categories), substrates and fields (37 concepts and 3 categories), strategies (21 concepts and 4 categories), intervention (11 concepts and 2 categories), and implications (13 the concept and 2 categories of social networks are formed on creating sports businesses. The Kappa Cohen method was used to measure reliability and quality control. The coefficient of kappa is calculated equal to 776/0, which is at a valid agreement level. In order to establish and set up business in sports, providing infrastructure and appropriate social networking conditions can be an effective way to mobilize business space in the country's sports.

Dynamic management capabilities and organizational readiness are the two fundamental pillars of smart city transformation that enable managers to guide their city towards a development path for a smart city by utilizing opportunities and reconfiguring Organizational resources. In this regard, the current research was conducted with the aim of exploring the role of dynamic management capabilities and organizational readiness in the evolution of smart cities.

The research methodology employed a practical approach for the purpose of collecting quantitative data using a descriptive-analytical type, specifically through the use of structural equation modeling. The data collection tool is a standard survey questionnaire. The statistical population comprises 324 staff members of the Department of Elections of Tehran Municipality, with a sample size of 176 individuals. Data analysis was conducted using Friedman's test and the Partial Least Squares approach (Smartpls).

The results indicate that the average status of variables, including dynamic management capabilities (3.03), organizational readiness (3.36), and smart city (3.31), ranges from 2.51 to 3.5, implying a semi-optimal level. In terms of the ranking of components, the strategic readiness component (8.45) holds the highest importance, whereas the innovation capability component (6.18) holds the least importance. Furthermore, the inferential analysis section indicates that dynamic management capabilities have a direct and significant impact on the smart city at the level of significance coefficient (3.27) and on organizational readiness at the level of significance coefficient (5.69). The effect of dynamic management capabilities on the smart city is also direct and significant with the mediating effect of organizational readiness at the level of significance coefficient (3.68). Moreover, the effect of organizational readiness on the smart city is direct and significant at the level of significance coefficient (5.42.(

Therefore, dynamic management capabilities and organizational readiness are essential foundations for addressing the challenges of smart city transformation.

Protection of the urban environment is one of the main concerns of city managers. The purpose of this research is to identify and prioritize the effective factors in preventing the occurrence of environmental crimes in the cities of the country.

The current research is of applied type, which was conducted by survey method and using a panel of experts (63 people). A structured interview was used to list the factors and components. Also, the hierarchical method (AHP) was used to prioritize the factors. The software used in this research was SPSS, 19 and Expert Choice.

The effective factors were "legal/legal", "educational/cultural" and "management". Also, 12 components were identified as micro factors. The highest weight belongs to the component "transmitting environmental teachings from elementary ages" (0.918) and then to the component "proportioning punishment to environmental crimes in terms of severity and type" (0.886). Finally, the component "Segregation of organizational duties and strengthening of the educational body in related bodies" with a weight of (0.422) was the least important component. The final weight of the three factors showed that the "educational/cultural" factor with a weight of 0.411 has the most importance, followed by the "legal/legal" factor with a weight of 0.332 and then the "management" factor with a weight of 0.303 have been

The main priority in the solutions adopted to prevent the occurrence of environmental crimes is educational and cultural solutions, followed by legal and legal aspects.

Given that the urban management system requires significant financial resources to provide urban services and improve citizens' quality of life, the relationship between auditing and urban management systems is vital. Auditors help public sector managers improve and reform management processes by independently evaluating the financial and operational performance. The auditing evaluation is a useful process for identifying weaknesses and improving public sector processes. in this research, the changes in public sector audit methods that are expected to be carried out in Iran in the coming years has been discussed.

This research is based on the objective of the applied type and based on the data collection tool of the descriptive-survey and exploratory type, which was conducted as a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) research.

The results of the Delphi analysis in two stages indicate the acceptance of 25 drivers in the field of changing the regulations, structure and audit procedures of the public sector due to the rapid development of technology in the coming years.

The interpretation of the results shows that the audit of the public sector needs to be changed and updated in the field of information technology, laws and standards, audit structure and procedures. As automated procedures replace manual procedures, less manpower will be required, which will drastically reduce costs.

The significance of employing an environmental psychology approach in the development of a care facility for orphaned children comes from its ability to mitigate urban harm. This research investigates the use of an environmental psychology method in the design of a care facility for orphaned children. The main goal is to mitigate the adverse impacts of urban environments on these children and address the consequences of inadequate care.

This study employed a descriptive-analytical approach to determine the mental and psychological features of children, with a specific focus on the extent to which environmental psychology influences the level of harm in urban areas. It also features a library method to investigate the literature related to its structure based on written documentation.

This study involved the identification of an appropriate environment with specific physical measures based on relevant literature, scholarly publications, and expert opinions.

 The results of this research demonstrate that implementing an environmental psychology approach in designing care centers for orphaned children can contribute to mitigating urban harm and promoting the overall growth and development of these children. The findings suggest that incorporating diverse, visually appealing graphic designs within the care center environment not only improves its aesthetic appeal and triggers positive emotions in children but also contributes to the enhancement of their mental and spiritual well-being. Consequently, the establishment of open areas inside the premises of a care center could serve as a catalyst for promoting outdoor engagement among children, enhancing their physical activity levels. Furthermore, the establishment of appropriate physical environments that facilitate teamwork and persistent engagement can effectively enhance children's sense of solidarity and social connectedness. Eventually, the implementation of an environmental psychology approach in the design of a care center has the potential to improve the psychological and emotional well-being of the children as well as enhance their physical health and vitality. Additionally, this method may encourage a sense of solidarity and social connectedness among the children while also minimizing the adverse impacts of urbanization on society.

In highly competitive markets, all the company's units should focus their attention on the customer's desired performance. Market orientation and its effect on business performance is one of the important and central topics in market and customer management. A market-oriented approach causes companies to focus on continuous collection of information related to the needs of target customers and the capabilities of competitors and the use of this information in order to create superior value for customers.

The current research was conducted with the aim of market orientation (orientation) on business performance and management of an urban unit. The method used in this research is descriptive-survey method and applied in terms of purpose and from the field branch. The statistical population of the research is the most important executive bodies in the field of urban management that perform similar and overlapping activities in the field of urban management, such as: municipality, governorate, telecommunications company, water and sewage, gas and regional electricity distribution company; The target sample was selected from among the managers and vice-presidents of these companies and organizations who were familiar with the topic of inter-organizational relations and integrated urban management. According to the size of the statistical population (150 people), the sample size was 108 people using Morgan's table. The sampling method is simple random or systematic. In this research, the standard integrated urban management questionnaires made by Mohaghegh Babaei and Ebrahimi (2015), measuring the business process management with the questionnaire of Mohammadzadeh Ghalejoy and Bidarian (2016) and the standard questionnaire of market orientation by Naror and Slater (1990) were used. In order to check the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha was calculated, which indicated the satisfactory reliability of the questionnaires. 

The results indicate that market orientation has a positive and direct effect on the business performance and management of an urban unit. (p>0.05) and the predominant response to all the items was "a lot".

The results can be helpful for managers who intend to improve their organization's performance by adopting market-oriented strategies.

Gradually, organizations and institutions for the purpose of holding sports events, as well as companies producing sports products, with the limitation of legal boundaries, will not have much choice to use reverse logistics processes in their activities. The aim of the research is to provide optimal strategies for the development of reverse logistics of sports in Shahrood city.

it was of mixed exploratory type; First, the effective factors on the development of reverse logistics in Shahrood sports were determined from the method of qualitative content analysis and conducting interviews with experts. 16 semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation was reached. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-made questionnaire was compiled from the extracted components; By distributing among the statistical samples (127 people), data was collected and categories were prioritized. To determine the formal and content validity, the said questionnaire was distributed again among 11 professors and experts, and suitable suggestions were included in the final questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine reliability and its value was more than 0.70 for each variable, and the questionnaire had the necessary reliability.

It showed that among the identified strategies, "politicization in Shahrood sports based on environmental goals" should be given the highest priority.

It is suggested that systems be designed for easy return of products to the origin and be easily available to customers; Sports products should be introduced transparently to build trust; and provide the highest quality sports products and services to be effective in the development of sports activities.

Attracting investment in the urban area is an important and influential factor for the progress and prosperity of the urban economy. Investment in each province is influenced by a set of macro factors of the country and specific factors of that province. If in a society, investment is not made to the required extent, economic growth slows down or stops. In recent years, the necessary platform to attract and support investment has been provided, the ground for increasing the participation of the private sector in the matter of investment in municipalities has been provided, hence the process of attracting capital in the municipality is important and necessary.

This research was based on a mixed exploratory study in which the statistical population in the qualitative section was experts and experts in the field of management model in the municipality and managers in this field, etc., with the criterion sampling method included the criteria of expertise, operational history , teaching, etc., which was achieved after interviewing 11 people, who were selected by the criterion method and based on the principle of saturation. In the quantitative part of this research, 385 municipal employees participated in the research based on Cochran's formula and by purposeful sampling.

The results of exploratory factor analysis in the field of influencing variables on the capital attraction process model in the municipality identified 97 open codes, which were identified by categorizing and centering around the most important category of 33 indicators and 6 main factors. On this basis and based on a semi-structured interview in this field, investor recognition, incentive creation, plan provision, framing, electronic human resource management, innovative strategies, multi-dimensional business structuring, digital leadership, multi-dimensional monitoring. Dynamic process, recognition of capacities, use of resources, experience and knowledge are the most important causal factors; Perceived value and profitability is a central category in attracting capital; Policy model, structural design, Government support, legal model, reducing the risk of cooperation and political factors are the most important contextual factors, Marketing, structure and reconstruction, culture building, structural independence and infrastructure building are the most important strategies and building trust, increasing capacities, organizational profitability, increasing the power and credibility of the organization as a result of the strategies applied based on the perceived value and profitability in Capital attraction is in the municipality.

The identified components have an indicative and significant effect on attracting capital in the municipality. Therefore, this model can be used in the process of attracting capital in the municipality.

 Most of the work and activities of human life are done in indoor spaces, so indoor space is very important for humans. Based on this, in recent years, a lot of attention has been paid to indoor air quality by designers, managers and researchers. Since indoor air quality can affect human health and performance, paying attention to this issue in different dimensions such as indoor air quality and thermal comfort can be very important.

In this research, the performance of people will be investigated and compared in the range of thermal comfort of people and the recommended range of Ashri standard. To investigate the performance of people in different areas, 220 architecture students of Ilam universities were selected and participated in this study by systematic random sampling. The state of thermal comfort and cognitive functions of people were evaluated after measuring environmental factors through questionnaires and standard cognitive functions software.

The results showed that the thermal comfort limit of people has a wider range than the Ashri standard and choosing this range instead of the standard ranges can have a significant impact on energy consumption.

According to the obtained results, it was found that if people feel comfortable, even if they are not within the recommended thermal comfort limits of valid standards, their performance is not affected, and sometimes people are in out-of-bounds conditions. Suggested standards have better performance. Using the results of this research, in addition to increasing people's performance, can reduce energy consumption.

This study, which was conducted to present the organizational intelligence model in line with the general policies of the 6th Development Plan in Bank Mellat, from the perspective of the research philosophy, is interpretive and its approach is inductive, and from the perspective of the purpose, it is of the type of applied studies. which is done in a mixed method (qualitative and quantitative).

the descriptive-survey research method is practical in terms of purpose, and the statistical community in the qualitative department were university experts and smart banking experts in Bank Mellat, who were selected using the purposeful sampling method and the principle of saturation. 13 interviewees were selected. In the quantitative part, the opinions of 335 employees of Mellat Bank of Tehran province were used. Semi-structured interviews and researcher-made questionnaires were used to collect data. Its content validity was confirmed by university management professors and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test. For data analysis, interview technique and thematic analysis method were used in the qualitative part, and statistical tests and measurement model were used in the quantitative part. The software used in descriptive and inferential statistics were SPSS and SmartPLS

The findings showed that organizational intelligence includes four components of strategic reforms, scientific capability, intelligent service delivery and digital transformations. Also, in the prioritization of components, digital transformations were ranked first.

The results showed that Bank Mellat's success is directly related to smartness as well as digital developments.