نشریه پژوهش های سیاسی و بین المللی
پیاپی 10 (خرداد 1391)

Religious fundamentalism is a kind of cultural particularism whose growing wave is emerging against globalization. Haqqani, considered as one of the informal key players in the political, social and international developments, is a group of Pakistani militants who are formed by some other groups at time of Soviet invasion of Afghanistan supported by America, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. Following America’s attack to Afghanistan in 2001, they changed their approaches and positions and started a war against western forces

In this research, the theoretical framework of the Britons Crane’s book "Anatomy of Revolution" is used. Crane Brinton has compared the society on the verge of revolution with a febrile illness and he tries to illustrate the illness trend through a scientific framework by comparing world’s four great revolutions (France, England, America, and Russia).His theory was received very warmly in his time by those theoreticians and scholars in politics since there were new and innovative strengths hidden therein.His analysis of the Revolution and the rise to power of moderates and eventually the extremists and the Termidor stage, having some shortcomings though, can analyze most of the great revolutions in the world, including the Islamic Revolution of Iran.

Following the fall of the dictator Saddam Hussein's Baath Party, the Republic of Iraq has turned into a new emerging political power in the Middle East with the Shiite government approach, and due to the new geopolitical situation and regional and international geo-economics (oil resources) for both Iran and Saudi Arabia, the extra-regional powers have come to political competition field to exert their influences and gain strategic alliances with Iraq in order to protect national and regional interests.This paper is based on a comparative foreign policy analysis of Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia with regard to Post-Saddam Iraq and then analyzes the importance of Iraq in adopting those policies from political point of view, international relations concepts and Rosenau’s model as well.

Cyber warfare has exhibited new ways of fighting and weapons that could potentially replace other methods in the war staged by governments and other non-governmental actors.The unique nature of the threat posed by cyber warfare and the ability or inability of these war-makers in the form of sustaining injury, death or causing physical destruction caused by the virtual environments has led to the expansion of the traditional definition of the use of force.By clear and explicit demarcation of the rights for both parties involved in the cyber battle- such as right of self-defense-and based on the presented patterns, the world community should come to a unanimity and consensus over the definition of cyber warfare in law of war.

Islamic Revolution of Iran, as one of the most important events of the second half of the twentieth century, has not only brought about fundamental changes in the political geography of Iran, but also gone far beyond the country and has had an enormous impact especially on the political and social structure of other Islamic societies.Since Islamic Republic of Iran and the Islamic Revolution of Iran's foreign performances are considered to be the reflections of such an impact, therefore, study of the foreign policy effects, which are inspired by the Islamic Republic discourse and its teachings, would enable us to understand more and deeper of the Islamic Revolution’s reflections and impacts. It also plays an important role in directing and shaping the Islamic resistance of Palestine.

According to Ayatollah Khamenei, there are some principles for religious democracy with which religious democracy is recognized (Divine Governance, Idealism, Competence, and …). The supreme leader considers helping and dealing with people’s affairs, providing them with prosperity and solving their problems in such a system as an important principle and underlines that the creation of such a system would lead to the satisfaction of the creator's consent. He also takes religious democracy as Imam Khomeini (MGBHS)’s gift. The Political thinking of leadership in religious democracy considers the governance just belonging to God and regards the people as the decision-makers of their own country and people’s involvement in this respect is their divine right bestowed by Almighty God.