Journal of Chemical Reviews
Volume:5 Issue: 4, Autumn 2023

Solar energy is abundant in available renewable energy sources on the earth. Solar cells; SC (photoelectric cells; PV) are used to convert solar energy into electric energy. A CS cell is an electronic constituent (a p-n junction diode) that produces the electricity when sunlight is radiated on them using the photovoltaic effect phenomenon. The inorganic solar cell efficiency depends on the total electric energy produced from solar energy were initially proved at Bell Laboratory in 1954; from this time inorganic PV cells have been used in various and more applications.  The semiconductor material is usually used for making solar cells. It can absorb the sun's radiation in the form of light, and the transmitted energy is utilized by collecting the radiant light, and converting it directly into heat or electricity. The scientist Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect; is that the energy of electron ejected from a photoelectric plate is influenced by frequency the inverse of the wavelength, and not by light-intensity (the amplitude), as wave-theory prophesied. The incident light with the shorter wavelength has a greater frequency of light and more energy that can be held by expelled electrons. In the same way, the PV cell is sensitive to the wavelengths and it's rejoins well in some parts of the spectrum than others to sunlight. The efficiency of SC cells is impartially low related to high solar energy radiation on the Earth and this is because numerous factors influence photovoltaic system performance. The generation, parameters of the SC cells, factors influences on SC system performance efficiency, and the effect of double spectrum colours on the solar cells performance (reliant on different wavelengths (between long, medium, and short) with different effects on; (n-p) depilation regions) are reported in this review article.

Bisphenols A and its analogues are among the most common endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and have been a particular focus of environmental concern for decades due to their pervasiveness and severe hazard to organism health. Because of greater regulatory action and scientific and public concern about bisphenols adverse health effects, it is increasingly being used in a wide range of consumer and industrial products. According to an increasing amount of studies, bisphenol and analogues have a deleterious impact on various neuroendocrine functions in living organisms. It has the potential to produce neurotoxicity and behavioral impairment in addition to reproductive damage.

SAPO-34 has emerged as a highly versatile and valuable substance with exceptional capabilities across a wide range of industries, including the production of light olefins. Its high pore volume, excellent shape selectivity, suitable acidity, and superior hydrothermal stability make it a highly sought-after material. Amines, as structure-directing agents, play a vital role in the synthesis of SAPO-34. A diverse array of amines have been proposed for the synthesis of SAPO-34, each with a different templating behavior that can significantly impact the physiochemical properties of the resulting material. This review comprehensively investigates the templating behavior of amines based on pivotal factors such as size, shape, alkalinity, polarity, volatility, and environmental friendliness. This article provides a detailed overview of the most popular amines used for the SAPO-34 synthesis and examines the effects of the characteristics of each of these amines on the properties of synthesized SAPO-34, including crystallinity, purity, acidity, and surface area. This analytical view of the issue can aid in the targeted selection of amines for synthesizing SAPO-34 with desired characteristics.

This review focuses on the isolated bioactive compounds and antischistosomal activity of Dolichos species, particularly Dolichos biflorus and Dolichos lablab. Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times and continue to play a significant role in traditional medicine and drug discovery. Dolichos species are known for their therapeutic potential and have been traditionally used in Nigeria. The review presented the chemical compounds isolated from Dolichos species, including triterpene bisdesmosides and lectins. Compounds with antischistosomal activity were also explored. The findings highlight the importance of Dolichos species as potential sources of bioactive compounds for the development of novel therapeutic agents.

Hydrogen bonds between and within molecules are essential interactions that control how molecules behave in various chemical and biological systems. To better understand the complex nature of hydrogen bonding events, spectroscopic and computational methodologies were integrated in this abstract. Direct probing of the vibrational and electronic fingerprints linked to hydrogen bonds has been made possible by spectroscopic techniques, such as infrared and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, providing crucial details regarding bond strength, length, and dynamics. Molecular dynamics simulations and advanced computational techniques like density functional theory (DFT) have simultaneously produced a theoretical foundation for comprehending the energetics and geometry of hydrogen bonds. A thorough understanding of hydrogen bonding interactions in a variety of settings, including biomolecular systems, liquids, and solids, has been made possible by the synergistic interaction between experimental data and theoretical discoveries. The combined efforts of spectroscopic and computational research have revealed the relevance of hydrogen bonds in molecular recognition, reaction processes, and material properties, even though difficulties still exist in adequately simulating solvent effects and long-range interactions. This multidisciplinary approach continues to lead to discoveries as technology develops, providing a deeper understanding of hydrogen bonding and its ramifications across other scientific disciplines.

Zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) is one of the famous and widely studied photocatalysts with band-gap in the visible region.  ZnFe2O4 has emerged as a promising photocatalyst due to its unique properties and versatile applications. This review aims to provide an overview of the properties, synthesis methods, and photocatalytic performance of zinc ferrite. It also explores the diverse applications of zinc ferrite composites as catalysts, highlighting their performance as photocatalysts. The catalyst possesses a spinal fine crystalline structure and can be prepared by various methods such as combustion, hydrothermal, sol-gel, and co-precipitation. Zinc ferrite by nature is a superparamagnetic semiconductor that has been used for the degradation of numerous organic dyes in the past. ZnFe2O4 is particularly effective in harnessing light energy and actively supports photocatalytic-redox reactions.