فصلنامه پژوهش های اطلاعاتی و جنایی
سال هجدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 70، تابستان 1402)

In recent years, new psychoactive substances have become a serious challenge for countries in the field of combating the production, sale, prevention and treatment of addicts and victims of these substances. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of investigating the methods of scientific identification and diagnosis of new non-herbal psychoactive substances (NPS).

The current research is practical in terms of its purpose and experimental in terms of its execution method. The statistical population of the research was samples of exposed substances from foreign travelers in the period of 1395-1398, which were identified and diagnosed using machine analysis methods. The basis of identification and diagnosis was matching the reported spectra of the device with the spectra available in the UNODC reference. The study of the library and documentary part of the research was also based on a systematic review in the period from 1980 to 2022 and included all the articles published in the electronic database with the combination of appropriate keywords.

In this research, sample preparation and device settings were done in mass spectrometry and infrared spectrometry and then the prepared samples were injected into the corresponding devices. In mass spectrometry of ion fragments with higher intensity and in infrared spectrometry, the numbers of functional groups were obtained, and these spectra were interpreted in the conclusion.

The spectra obtained from the mass spectrometer and infrared spectrometer were interpreted and after comparing the reported spectra of the device with the spectra available in the UNODC reference, 8 types of new psychoactive substances were identified. They contained different amounts of addictive substances. These compounds are: 1-Dimethoxybromoamphetamine, 2-Ethyldimethoxyphenylethanamide, 3-Fluoro-MDMB-Pinaka, 4-Fluoro-ADB-Pinaka, 5-Fluoro-MDMB-Botanika and 6-MDMB-EN-Pinaka.

Studies show that personality traits are deeply related to crime. One of the police strategies in criminalizing violent crimes is to analyze the criminal personality of the perpetrators. The main purpose of this study was to provide a pattern for analyzing the criminal personality of violent crime offenders in criminalization.

The present study is mixed in terms of applied purpose, in terms of data collection method. The statistical population was 17 professors of psychology and criminology by purposive sampling method based on the principle of theoretical saturation and in a small number of 81 NAJA experts who were selected in full. Two semi-structured interview tools and a questionnaire were used to collect data. In qualitative analysis, open coding was used, in quantitative analysis, LISREL software was used.

The pattern that is appropriate for the analysis of criminal personality of violent criminals includes four dimensions; extraversion with three components, dimension of incompatibility with two components, dimension of neurosis with four components and dimension of psychosis with four components. has it.

The pattern developed as a scientific and systematic method in criminalizing violent crimes with the aim of increasing accuracy, reducing crime detection time, guiding the prosecution and investigation process, determining appropriate methods of interrogation and reducing the incidence of violent crimes is emphasized.

Baiting is considered as a behavior that aims at disputes, personal and financial abuses, conflicts, etc. in cyberspace. Baiting can be influenced by various factors that aggravate these crimes in cyberspace. The purpose of this study is to identify the effective factors and strategies to prevent bait in mixed approach cyberspace.

The present study, in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and method, is in the category of exploratory research. According to the research strategy, the steps of conducting research should be described in two parts, qualitative and quantitative. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative and quantitative sections consists of academic experts who were selected as the sample members based on the principle of theoretical adequacy of 14 people. On the other hand, in the qualitative part of the research, semi-in-depth (semi-structured) interviews were used to collect data, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed using CVR and Kappa Cohen coefficient. Also, in a small part, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was used to collect data, which its validity and reliability were confirmed by content validity and incompatibility rate, respectively. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively using Atlas.ti software and coding approach.

The results show that individual causes (age, gender, aggression, moral insanity, etc.), lack of appropriate and deterrent rules and regulations, weakness in infrastructure and security systems, disbelief in value. The norms and attractiveness of cyberspace were identified as the most important effective factors of baiting in cyberspace. The findings also indicate that the use of Islamic views and teachings, culture building (institutionalizing the culture of using cyberspace), educating and informing users and increasing user resilience are the most important ways to prevent bait. are placed in cyberspace.

Online anti-social behaviors such as bait disrupt constructive debates, affect some military elements of the people, and provide the basis for crime. In the past, cyber-baiting behavior was thought to be limited to an anti-social minority, but even ordinary people do so because of the characteristics of cyberspace.

The present study has examined and tested the research hypotheses in an integrated framework. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting drug addiction among students of Payame Noor University, because addiction not only endangers the health of society but also provides the basis for psychological and moral decline.

This research is a survey in which the necessary information was collected from the statistical population of students of Payame Noor University of Khuzestan province by sampling method. Multiple correlation tests, analysis of variance, t-test, simple regression and structural equation analysis using PLS-SMART software were used to analyze the data. This research is a quantitative type and the information was collected by questionnaire and secondary analysis.

The research findings based on modeling the research path showed that social factors such as: family support, social welfare, job prospects, social laziness, social phobia, social intelligence and imprisonment could account for a total of 35% of dependent variable changes. Predict and explain drug addiction.

The results showed that independent variables directly and significantly affect the dependent variable of drug addiction. The output of pls-smart software model in the routing section showed that the effect of total social factors such as: family support, social welfare, job prospects, social laziness, social fear, social intelligence and imprisonment in the drug on the tendency to use drugs means It is.

With the expansion of cyberspace, the prevention of 10-1 violations has always been the focus of police and judicial officers in law enforcement and intelligence missions and members of the criminal justice system; Accordingly, identifying and explaining preventive protection measures to ensure privacy in Iran's criminal justice system and international instruments is undeniable.

The inviolability of the dimensions and security of privacy in cyberspace has been emphasized by users and the police in police missions and preliminary investigations, and the necessary criminal measures have been taken to criminalize cyberspace and appropriate criminal liability for violators of privacy have been charged and it is necessary to adopt preventive approaches and measures to ensure the security of privacy. The basic approach is based on protecting the security of correspondence, correspondence, data and private information of users and activists in cyberspace and in general The international consensus on the protection and security of all aspects of privacy is emphasized in international instruments.

In addition to legislative and criminal actions for violating privacy in cyberspace by the custodians of the criminal justice system, police and judicial officers actions and disciplinary measures to achieve security and privacy in the implementation of organizational missions in this space It is necessary and plays an effective role in identifying and dealing with instances of privacy breaches in intelligence and law enforcement missions, and international instruments have also given serious consideration to the prohibition of privacy breaches. Therefore, it is necessary for judicial officers and public security police and FATA police to play an effective role in protecting privacy in intelligence and preliminary investigation missions by taking preventive measures in parallel with legislative measures.

United States Intelligence Community,Structures and functions based on the latest changes in 2022AbstractThe role of intelligence in governance is one of the main topics in intelligence-security studies and political science. This article focuses on the intelligence community of the United States of America and aims to present the role, structure and latest changes of this collection by 2022 (January). Given the role of the United States as a global arrogance, which has always considered itself a single power in acting in world affairs and is constantly seeking to interfere in the affairs of countries and various types of terrorist groups with different names and in order to carry out conflicts. Proxy clashes have created and supported them all over the world. The need to monitor the intelligence-security structure of this country in terms of goals and graphic strategies as an intelligence adversary is of considerable importance. Using the documentary-library method as well as monitoring the official websites of members of the US intelligence community, seeks to explain the US intelligence community and provide changes and how to manage this collection over a period of time. Keywords: Intelligence community, Intelligence -Security Structure, Intelligence Competitor, Intelligence Studies, Drawing Strategies, Action

Dark web and digital currencies were introduced for providing better services to communities. But the pseudo-anonymous nature of digital currencies, along with the anonymity and concealment of transactions on the Dark Web, has led to the interest of cybercriminals in both of these topics and the abuse for criminal purposes. The study and analysis of the combination of these two tools together can be used for informing, managing, and developing preventive actions to reduce the growth of cybercrimes. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the role of cryptocurrencies in facilitating the commission of cybercrimes in the dark web.

This is a descriptive-analytical study for applied purposes and the data were derived through the library research method.

The Dark Web provides a haven for criminal activities, and due to unresolved challenges in the field of cryptocurrencies, including implementation of laws and regulations, detection of crimes, security of assets, and similar issues, the growth and spread of criminal activities in the Dark Web is provided.

While officers improve their cyber technical capabilities and expertise; Criminals also use the slightest vulnerability of digital currencies to expand their activities. Therefore, it seems that formal laws, improvement of information sharing between law enforcement authorities and financial institutions, as well as the expansion of international cooperation, are the necessities for managing the prevention of cybercrime growth.

Combating economic corruption and establishing economic security is so important in society that research in this field is necessary.Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to enumerate the main dimensions of the requirements for combating economic corruption from the perspective of the SupremeLeader.Therefore,by examining His Majesty's point of view in the present study, we seek to achieve the research goal.

The present research is considered as an exploratory mix in terms of practical purpose and interms of data collection method.The research method is qualitative in the form of "content analysis" and in the quantitative part is survey.Method of data collection In the qualitative stage, the material related to economic corruption was extracted as a document from the statements of His Holiness.and then in a quantitative stage, the extracted indicators were analyzed by factors and factors were extracted.The statistical population of this research is the qualitative section, documents and written and audio sources of the speeches of the Supreme Leader, which have been studied and analyzed in full, and 88 experts related to the subject of the statistical community constitute a small part Give.Finally exploratory factor analysis with Spss software has been used to identify the factors.

Among the research data, using exploratory factor analysis ten effective factors were identified and the result showed that the first factor identifying the contexts and areas of corruption with a specific value of 8.406, had the most impact and importance among other factors. In total, it covered 25% of the variance of the population.

Since the fight against economic corruption and corrupters is of great importance in society based on the research findings and the variables identified in this study, practical suggestions such as identifying the contexts and areas of economic corruption and trying toclose the way Corruption is presented.

The jurisdiction of the Supreme Court to deal with crimes related to narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances since 2012, which has no precedent in Iran's legal system after the Islamic Revolution, is considered an important proposition. Considering the importance and frequency of these crimes and the way of their proceedings; The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of the court in relation to how to face the violation of defense rights and protect them.

This research was applied in terms of purpose and by referring to legal documents and books while collecting normative and descriptive data (opinions of the Supreme Court) with a descriptive-analytical method.

The accused's right to benefit from the assistance and presence of a lawyer in the proceedings, the right to the court's attention to the accused's defense, and the right to prohibit torture are among the examples of violation of the defense rights of the accused, which have always been the focus of the judges of the court and when faced with these cases; In addition to violating court orders, reminding cases and returning cases; They prevent the defendants from violating their defense rights.

In order to prevent the violation of the defense rights of the mentioned defendnts; Approving a comprehensive and continuous training program for judges, improving the level of legal knowledge of law enforcement officers, revising and strengthening the crime detection system (scientific police), drafting a directive by the Supreme Court on the counting of cases of violations of defendants' defense rights are among the most important results obtained. 

In Tehran province, illegal Workshops for the production of industrial psychedelics and the distribution and depot of precursors have expanded, so that a large number of illegal Workshops for the production of industrial psychedelics have been seized by the Anti-Narcotics Police. The purpose of this study is to investigate the trend and how to expand industrial narcotics production Workshops in Tehran province.

The present study is an applied research and in terms of data collection is analytical and descriptive. The statistical population of the study consists of data related to 42Workshops for the production of industrial and psychotropic substances discovered in Tehran province, which were identified and destroyed by the information and operational teams of the Special Operations Center during the years 1397-1398. Due to the fact that all reports of discovery are to be examined, so limited sampling is avoided and all available documents are analyzed. The obtained data were interpreted and evaluated using descriptive statistical indicators and analyzed using statistical software and GIS.

The results showed that the general trend of industrial narcotics production laboratories is located in Tehran, Damavand and Islamshahr and its direction is southwestern distribution of the province and follow a significant cluster pattern. The findings showed that although the cities of Tehran province were not in a good position in terms of economic, cultural, health and infrastructure development, the number of industrial narcotics production laboratories has increased.

Expansion of industrial narcotics production Workshops to the west of Tehran province, which is less developed and has been abandoned due to the existence of warehouses, sheds, factories, and therefore the tendency to establish industrial and psychiatric narcotics production Workshops. Turns to the western cities of Tehran province.