مجله پژوهش های کاربردی در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 47 (زمستان 1402)

This research has developed a model of revenue generation in university sports. In terms of the applied goal, in terms of the type of qualitative data, in terms of the method of collecting field data, and in terms of the research strategy, it was of the type of foundation data with Strauss and Corbin approach. In this research, the interviewees were among the university professors and experts and activists in the field of university sports and sports revenue generation, and 15 people were selected and participated in the interview using the targeted criteria-based method. In this research, in-depth semi-structured interviews were used to collect data, and at the same time as data was collected, their analysis was done in three stages of open, central, and selective coding. Maxqda software was used to classify the extracted codes. To achieve the validity of the research, Guba and Lincoln's four criteria were used. The results of the research showed that the mechanism of sports culture and the mechanism of income generation as causal factors, the design of support mechanisms and the design of financial mechanisms as background factors, knowledge challenges, support challenges and basic limitations as intervening factors, revenue generating mechanisms were identified as the central phenomenon, persuasion and management principles as strategy and sports development and economic development as the consequences of revenue generation in university sports. Therefore, using the model compiled in this research can improve revenue generation and, as a result, the development of university sports.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting the attraction of sponsors for domestic sports events in the state of sanctions. This study is descriptive-correlational, and in terms of purpose is applied and in terms of method of collecting data is in field. The population of this study was the professors of sports management, senior and middle managers of the general departments of sports and youth, managers of sports clubs of the governorates of Kurdistan and Kermanshah provinces and the managers of the companies that have supported sports events in recent years. Sampling was done in a purposeful and accessible way. The reliability of the instrument was confirmed using Cronbach alpha (0/84) method and construct validity. Data analysis was done using SPSS and PLS software at the level of P≤0.05. Based on the route analysis, it was found that the variables of environmental factors of events and sponsorship have a direct positive and significant effect on the factors of organizing the event, the factors of applicants for financial support and the effectiveness of financial support of events and explains 74, 45, and 23% of their variables, respectively. The proposed model can well show the capacity of different dimensions of attracting sponsors to participate in sporting events for promoting sports. The present model shows the basic constructs of the relationship between environmental factors, factors of financial support applicants, event organizers and the effectiveness of financial support and at its level, it is able to explain its predicted functions.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the causal relationship of organizational reputation on e-loyalty with the mediating role of satisfaction and customer experience management of Sports equipment online stores. The information considered from 492 people and through data collection tools including organizational reputation questionnaire from Loma-Aho questionnaire (2008) and electronic satisfaction questionnaire based on Lee and Turin model (2001) and customer experience management questionnaire from electronic shopping as a researcher made and the electronic loyalty questionnaire was extracted by Durmus et al. (2013). The results of the research using the structural equation modeling method showed that all research hypotheses are confirmed and there are significant relationships between organizational reputation and electronic loyalty with the mediating role of electronic satisfaction and customer experience management of electronic shopping. Organizational reputation, e-satisfaction and customer experience management of e-shopping are all effective in making customers loyal And the positive relationship between them can be a guide to attract and attract customer loyalty.

The purpose of this study was determine superefficiency and identify undesirable output factors the Olympic Federations the country. This study is type descriptive and retrospective the information was collected, to field. Statistical population study included was 25 Olympic federations of the country. Due to the low number of this population Sampling of the total number was used. Data was collected federations For the year 2017. In order to determine the efficiency of federations, the used DEA model. In Data envelopment analysis method is the first step in determining the inputs and outputs of the research. For this reason, strategies of the federations were determined by the balanced scorecard model in the form of a questionnaire distributed. In order to determine the input or output indicators of the evaluation the Chi square test, identify undesirable output factors of inefficient federations in two methods of CCR and BCC output-axis and in order to rank the federations' superefficiency score was used from the Anderson Peterson ranking model. SPSS and DEA Solver software were used to analyze the data. The results showed that in the CCR model, seven federations and in the BCC model, six federations were inefficient. Also, the ranking results showed that in CCR model, equestrian, weightlifting and hockey federations ranked first to third and in BCC model, football, wrestling and handball federations ranked first to third. It can be concluded that federations that their resources to produce optimal outputs have maximized their use, superefficiency scores earned and ranked higher.

The aim of the current research was to design a model of professional ethics for Premier League football clubs. The current research was applied in terms of purpose, in terms of mixed method and structural equation modeling research. The statistical population of the research consisted of football federation managers, experts, university professors, media members, football club managers (N=384) who were selected based on Morgan's table by simple random sampling. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was compiled through interviews with experts and experts. The face and content validity of the questionnaire was checked by 10 professors and experts, and the reliability of the tool was obtained by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. To analyze the collected data, the structural equation model was used by the partial least square (PLS) method, and the construct validity was also confirmed. According to the values of the significant coefficients obtained with 95% confidence from the structural model, the causal factors, interactions, and consequences had a significant effect on the central phenomenon (professional ethics) that the component of causal conditions includes indicators (structure, law, education, modeling , institutionalizing ethics, political intervention); The interaction component includes indicators (lack of transparency, weak supervision, behavior of officials and encouragement and punishment); The outcome component included indicators (developmental outcomes, moral and social improvement outcomes, and damage outcomes). Conclusion The predictive index indicated that the components of professional ethics have the right power to predict the professional ethics of clubs.

Sport and physical education, as an influential cultural element, has had an active presence in the history of Iran and has gradually become the owner of rules and regulations. There is always a trace of sport in most laws, from the constitution to the approvals of the parliament and from the approvals of the cabinet to the approvals of the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution and the Supreme Council of National Security. "Sport has been a human twin and has always been with him over the days. "It is not possible to know the beginning of sport, because human beings need to move their muscles to stay and live from the beginning of creation, and sport will remain their companion until the end of their lives." In the present research work, an attempt has been made to acquaint the legal community of the country with the institution of physical education, which is a short step in the development of sports law in the country. To achieve this goal, first the category of sports in Iranian public law is mentioned and then the institution of sports in international law is considered.

Today, few people are unaware of the status of physical education in schools and its importance in various socio-cultural aspects of students and the future of championship in the country; But physical education in the country's schools has always faced many challenges.
After the of Covid-19 pandemic and the closure of the country's schools, the challenges facing physical education became even more apparent. The aim of this study was to qualitatively analyze digital physical education training during the Covid-19 pandemic and with a descriptive phenomenological approach by Colaizzi method. The sample of the present study was purposefully selected from managers, teachers and experts in the field of physical education teaching and data collection was performed using semi-structured interviews, data analysis was performed with MAXQDA 2020 software. In this regard, seven main themes of digital physical education were identified during the Corona pandemic. The results showed that there are various challenges and bottlenecks for physical education in digital style, which shows the need for more attention of the managers in the Ministry of Education to teach physical education, and in particular to digital education.