فصلنامه مطالعات روان شناسی ورزشی
پیاپی 44 (تابستان 1402)

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship of grit with mental toughness and emotional intelligence. The statistical population included elite athletes who were invited to the national team. Data collection was performed using the following questionnaires: i) grit questionnaire of Duck Worth et al. (2007), ii) emotional intelligence questionnaire of Bar-On's (2002), and iii) mental toughness questionnaire of Sheard et al. (2009) .According to Spearman correlation coefficient, there is a significant positive correlation between grit and mental toughness (Sig=0.001, t =0.322). The results showed that grit has a significant and positive effect on the mental toughness of athletes (Sig=0.016, t =2.206). Finally, based on (CFI, NFI, IFI) indices, the research model has the necessary fit. Therefore, the grit factor can be suggested to coaches and athletes as one of the factors influencing mental toughness.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of fatigue on timing and imagery vividness in skilled and semi-skilled karate athletes. A total of 60 skilled and beginner karate athletes were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Pretest and posttest included mental exercise of task as internal vision, external and motor vision. The results showed that, fatigue had no significant effect on imagery vividness of external, internal and movement imagery in skilled athletes. Also, fatigue did not have a significant effect on the temporal mental imagery of external and internal vision. But, it caused an increase in the time of movement imagery. Fatigue had no significant effect on the imagery vividness of external and internal vision in semi-skilled athletes, but caused a decrease in the imagery vividness of movement. The effect of fatigue on the vividness and timing of imagery seems to be influenced by another factor called the level of excellence.

The purpose of this study was to identify the dimensions of nostalgic feeling among Iranian national football fans. The research method was mixed (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the present study consisted of all experts in the qualitative section of the research area who were selected through purposeful sampling of 12 persons in the qualitative section. The statistical population of the study included all the supporters of the Iranian national football team in the quantitative section. According to Morgan table, 384 individuals were selected as the sample. The research tools included interviews and questionnaires. According to the results of the qualitative section, it was found that nostalgic feeling among fans of the Iranian national football team has three general dimensions including nostalgic acquaintance, nostalgic affectivity, and nostalgic arousal. These identified dimensions were examined and validated in most of the research model.

The purpose of this study was to develop a model for the development of sport psychology in Iranian professional sport. The research method was mixed. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts with knowledge of the subject. Data gathering tools were interviews and questionnaires. The results showed that causal factors had a significant effect on the main phenomenon. The results also showed that the main effect was on strategies as well as the underlying conditions and had a significant effect on plans of action. The results of the present study also indicated that strategies have a significant impact on outcomes. The results of the research fit indices showed that the research model had a good fit. Therefore, in the path of development of sport psychology in professional sport in Iran, implementing the identified strategies in a proper manner is of the utmost importance.

Small-sided game (SSG) training can improve the psychological factors and performance of players. A wide range of sports psychology relies on the fact that sports success is also achieved by improving psycho-motor skills. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of small-sided game (SSG) training on mental toughness, physical activity enjoyment, and performance of football players. Using the targeted sampling method, 22 football players were selected. The instruments used in the study were a mental toughness questionnaire, a physical activity enjoyment scale, and football analysis software. The executive protocol also included a four-week training program in small areas (two vs. two, three vs. three, four vs. four, and five vs. five). Results showed that there was no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of mental toughness. The analysis also showed that the difference between the means in the variables of physical activity enjoyment and players' performance was significant. Therefore, training in small fields can be used to improve the psychological factors and performance of football players.

The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the role of controversy management on the moral climate in handball. The present research is applied in terms of the nature of the research; Research method, mixed (qualitative-quantitative), research strategy, data base with Glaser approach and data collection source includes: documentary study and interview. The statistical population in the qualitative section, all professors, experts and elites are experts in the field of sports management and in the quantitative section, coaches, players and handball referees. Sampling in the qualitative, purposeful section and in the form of snowballs to theoretical saturation 15 people was selected and in the quantitative section, 380 players, coaches and referees of the first level of handball in the country were selected. The interviews were coded through Max Kyoda software in three levels: open, central and theoretical. Based on the results, 499 open source codes were identified, which were divided into 72 central codes and 9 theoretical codes. Awareness, economic-welfare, managerial, individual, zoning, negative embezzlement, handball characteristics, role of media. The researcher-made questionnaire of controversy management with 36 items and 9 components was approved by experts after exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The structural equation model has sufficient fit. The results showed that controversy management and its components play an important role in the ethical atmosphere of handball coaches, players and referees. The theory of the present study was presented considering 9 categories. The results showed that controversy management has a positive effect on the moral climate.

The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the role of participation in sports leisure activities on the psychological capital of children with economic injuries with the mediating role of peer support. The statistical population of the present study included children with economic injuries. The research tool included a standard questionnaire. According to the results of the study, it was found that participation in sports leisure activities has a significant effect on the psychological capital of children with economic harm (impact = 0.445, significance level = 0.001) in a positive direction. The results also showed that participation in sports leisure activities has a significant positive effect on the support of peers with children with economic injuries (impact = 0.582, significance level = 0.001). The results also showed that peer support has a significant effect on the psychological capital of children with economic harm (impact = 0.423, significance level = 0.001) in a positive direction. In other words, peer support has a mediating role on the relationship between participation in sports leisure activities and the psychological capital of children with economic damage.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between mental models and psychological needs with individual and social responsibility in women's futsal.The present study was a field and correlational study. The statistical population of the study includes all female futsal athletes that 333 people were selected by stratified random sampling. The research instruments included three questionnaires: Mental Models (RSMMM), Psychological Needs (UPEQ), Personal and Social Responsibility (PSRQ). The reliability of the questionnaires was also calculated and confirmed using Cronbach's alpha test and combined reliability. Structural equation modeling in Smart PLS software version 3 was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between mental models with Personal responsibility, mental models with social responsibility, psychological needs with Personal responsibility, psychological needs with social responsibility and mental models with psychological needs. The results also showed that psychological needs as a mediator in the relationship between mental models and Personal and social responsibility are significant. Also, the impact model of mental models and Personal and social responsibility mediated by psychological needs had a good fit. Finally, considering the importance of women's sports, especially women futsal players, it is suggested that in addition to the development of players' professions, the promotion of national and Islamic culture should be done by developing Personal and social responsibility through mental models and psychological needs.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between media multitasking and sleep quality of Athlete teens with the mediating role of emotional and behavioral problems. The statistical population consisted of all s Athlete teens who participated in professional and semi-professional sports activities. Statistical sample of 384 people (166 girls and 218 boys) was selected by random cluster sampling method. Data were collected through a questionnaire of abilities and problems, amount and type of media consumption and sleep quality. In order to analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and modeling with path analysis approach were used. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between media multitasking and sleep quality through the mediating role of emotional and behavioral problems in Athlete teens. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that by preventing the occurrence of common emotional and behavioral problems among adolescents and providing the necessary training on how to use the media properly by emphasizing the importance of sports activities and efforts to improve their sleep quality, a healthy lifestyle can be promoted among them.

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to see how beneficial hypnotic imagery was on the mental skills of rowing athletes in Tehran province. This study used a developed a semi-experimental approach with a repeated measures design and a control group. Tehran Province's boatmen were included in the study's statistical population in 2021. Due to the semi-experimental aspect of the study, the sample included 30 sailors (17 females and 13 males) who were randomly divided into two groups: A. control (15 people, including eight women and seven men) and B: experimental (15 people, including eight women and seven men) (15 people, including nine women and six men) The Mental Skills Questionnaire (OMSAT-3) was applied in this experiment. The study hypotheses were tested using univariate and multivariate covariance analyses. Data research revealed that hypnotic imagery has an advantage on athletes' mental skills and has resulted in better athletes' mental skills. According to the findings of this study, hypnotic imagery is an excellent way for boosting the mental skills of rowing athletes.