International Journal of Body, Mind and Culture
Volume:7 Issue: 2, Spring 2020

 Employees of military units in their workplaces often complain of experiencing multiple physical and psychological symptoms that cannot be explained medically. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between the psychological characteristics of depression, anxiety, and stress, and unexplained physical complaints of the staff of a military unit in the city of Tabriz, Iran, with the mediating role of chronic fatigue.

 For this purpose, 300 employees of a military unit in the city of Tabriz were selected through cluster sampling method in 2019. To measure the variables, the participants completed the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire (CFQ), and Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90). Cronbach's alpha was used to assess the validity and reliability of these scales and the results indicated the desirability of these scales. The data were analyzed using Amos software and bootstrapping test.

 The results showed that the total effect of psychological characteristics on chronic fatigue (β = 0.85 P < 0.001), chronic fatigue on physical complaints (β = 0.54; P < 0.001), and psychological characteristics on physical complaints (β = 0.30; P < 0.001) was statistically significant. Moreover, the indirect effect of chronic fatigue and psychological characteristics on physical complaints was significant (β = 0.096; P = 0.020).

 The identification of psychological characteristics helps authorities to think about ways to provide counseling and treatment for mental disorders and chronic fatigue among the work force that can improve physical complaints among the personnel of military units.
 

 The present study was aimed at comparing a positive emotion training program based on Fredrickson's broaden-and-build model of positive emotions with the psychodrama program in terms of emotion regulation in students with dyslexia.

 This experimental study was conducted with 3 groups (2 experimental groups and 1 control group), pretest-posttest design, and a follow-up. The statistical population included all fifth-grade female, middle-class, 10-11-year-old primary-school students with specific learning disabilities who were studying in public schools of the 5 educational regions of Isfahan, Iran. Multistage random sampling was used for the selection of the participants. The reading and dyslexia test was administered to identify learning disabilities in the students, and as a result, 38 students with a reading disorder were selected and randomly assigned to experimental group 1 (Fredrickson's positive emotion training program), experimental group 2 (psychodrama program), and control group. Students completed the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) at pretest, posttest, and follow-up. Prior to the treatment, the students completed the CERQ. The follow-up phase of the study was conducted 3 months after the end of the treatment. The interventions consisted of 10 sessions (45 minutes each) devoted to positive emotion training and 10 sessions (45 minutes each) devoted to psychodrama program training. The data were analyzed using descriptive (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (repeated measures ANOVA) in SPSS software.

 The findings indicated that a positive emotion training program exerted a significant effect on emotion regulation, while the effect of the psychodrama training program was not statistically significant.

 It can be concluded that positive emotion training has a more significant effect than the psychodrama training program.
 

Pregnancy and childbirth are exciting and enjoyable events in the life of women and are considered as the most sensitive periods in the life of every woman. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of online medical and psychological consultation on the mental health of pregnant women.

 The present semi-experimental research was conducted with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. The statistical population consisted of pregnant women of the Niniban website (http:www.niniban.com) in the winter of 2019 in Tehran, Iran. A sample of 50 pregnant women who were in their first to sixth months of pregnancy was selected. They were randomly divided into 2 groups of control and experimental (25 individuals in each group). Data were obtained using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) (1990).

 The results showed that online medical and psychological consultations were fruitful in the experimental group and that the mental health of the experimental group improved (P < 0.001).

 It can be concluded that the online medical and psychological consultations were effective on the mental health of pregnant women.

 Irritable bowel syndrome is among the most common gastrointestinal disorders. The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of acceptance and commitment therapy on self-care behavior and hope in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

 The experimental design was a pre-test and post-test study. The statistical sample of this study included all patients with irritable bowel syndrome who were referring from June to September 2012 to Isfahan health centres. The research sample consisted of 60 individuals chosen using the easy sampling method Recruited in the experimental group and 30 individuals in the control group. The evaluation instruments included questionnaires on self-care and hopefulness behaviors. Both groups took out a pretest at first. The experimental group then tested on the experimental group in eight sessions, and a post-test was conducted between the two groups. Data analysis was performed using Multivariate Covariance Analysis (MANCOVA) and One-Way Covariance Analysis.

 The mean (SD) age of the experimental group was 33.5 (6.90) and 34.76 (5.19), respectively. The results showed that the mean (SD) of self-care score increased from (49.11) to 49.7 (74.7) in the post-test (P > 0.001), but the mean (SD) The self-care scores of the control group in the pre-test (6.9) was 9.50, which was post-test (51.9), which was 3.3%. This difference was not statistically significant (P < 0.05). The mean (standard deviation) of hopedness score in the pre-test of the experimental group increased from (3.6) to 1.36 (35.4) in the post-test (P <0.001), but the mean (standard deviation) of hope scores. The control group in the pretest (4.9) was 26.4, which in the post-test (6.21) was 8.28, which was not statistically significant (P <0.05).

It It can be suggested that in people with irritable bowel syndrome, acceptance and commitment therapy are successful on self-care and hopefulness actions.
 

 Anxiety and depression are prevalent in patients who have undergone cardiac surgery, both of which affect the quality of life (QOL). Undesirable QOL is associated with the exacerbation of disease severity. This study was conducted with the aim to assess the effect of body awareness improvement on QOL, anxiety, and depression among patients after cardiac surgery.

 This randomized, clinical trial was performed with intervention and control groups (two groups with three measurements). All patients who had undergone cardiac surgery in hospitals in Qazvin, Iran, during 2018-2019 comprised the statistical population of this study. After convenience sampling (50 patients with cardiac disease at least 1 month after their surgery), patients were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (25 individuals each). The measurement tools used were the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scales (DASS-42) and MacNew QOL Questionnaire. Body awareness training was implemented twice a week for 6 weeks. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS software.

 The study results showed that improving body awareness can reduce anxiety and depression, and enhance QOL significantly in patients after cardiac surgery (P < 0.01).

 The results showed that improving body awareness can effectively reduce anxiety and depression and enhance QOL in patients after cardiac surgery.

 As the survival rate has increased among cancer patients, awareness of their psychological needs has also increased, and several countries have begun to plan psycho-oncology. However, this is not the case in Iran. This study was aimed at assessing the needs of the psycho-oncology curriculum in postgraduate education.

 The study was conducted using the Delphi technique from 2018-2019. The statistical population included all psycho-oncology experts, 36 of whom were selected using purposive sampling. In the first step, the tasks of the cancer psychologist in the areas of education, health care, management, and research were extracted by reviewing the texts, and a preliminary list of needs was defined in a focus group. In the next step, experts were asked to review the defined tasks and add their suggested needs. In the second round of Delphi, a questionnaire was designed to prioritize and determine the importance and capability of performing tasks in Iran. Experts were asked to give a score of 1 to 5 to each of the educational needs based on the tasks of a cancer psychologist. Descriptive indicators of the obtained data were calculated using SPSS software.

 The results of the first round of Delphi provided a consensus on 172 educational needs in 4 areas, including 63 in health care, 42 in research, 39 in education, and 28 in management. After merging similar tasks into a group, the final list of tasks (including 107 important and agreed-upon tasks in 58 items) was developed in the second round of Delphi. Moreover, shared tasks were categorized as larger general educational needs, which included 12 general needs.

 The findings indicated the importance and variety of the tasks of a cancer psychologist in the areas of health care for patients and their families. It is hoped that this needs assessment will be useful in developing theoretical and practical courses in psycho-oncology with the aim of improving patients’ quality of life (QOL).