نشریه فرهنگ ایلام
پیاپی 80-81 (پاییز و زمستان 1402)

The present research was carried out with the aim of investigating the effect of team coaching on group decision-making and social responsibility with the mediating role of flexibility-human resources in government organizations of Ilam city. The research method of the current research is of a quantitative type, in terms of the applied purpose and the method of data collection, it is a descriptive survey.The statistical population includes all managers and employees of government organizations in Ilam city, which is 2500 people, of which 384 people were selected as a sample. The main form of data collection is the questionnaire.Data analysis was done by structural equation modeling method.The results of the research show that team coaching has a positive and significant effect on group decision-making, social responsibility, and the flexibility of human resources, and this research also shows that the flexibility of human resources affects group decision-making and responsibility. Social adaptability has a positive and significant effect, and finally, team coaching through the flexibility of human resources has a significant effect on group decision-making and social responsibility.

Folk beliefs in IlamAbstractBeliefs and trusts, as an extensive social system, have been considered part of a broader system of public knowledge and culture. The way to preserve and transmit them, as a common heritage of social life of a group, has mainly been oral and by the words of mouth. The origin of part of these beliefs and trusts (superstitious or not superstitious) caused by human reaction in facing with nature and his surrounding mysterious environment which occurred in crucial situations and moments when trust and confidence in future has been created. With due attention to these beliefs and practicing based on them, people have been prevented from managing the affairs based on logic and planning. This paper aimed at opening a window to understanding Ilami culture and specially their beliefs and trusts. In addition to giving a number of folk beliefs and trusts (without the approval of being right or wrong), applications are also shown. The methods of data collection used in the article consist of library method as well as interviewing the elderly people. The result of this research shows that people of any kind, with any insight and vision, intentionally or unintentionally, can never neglect these beliefs and trusts entirely and put them aside. Keywords: Ilam, south Kurdish, folklore, folk beliefs.

Traveling to Karbala and other religious sites in the last decade has made Ilam a tourist destination. Meanwhile, cultural and ecological attractions have led to nature tourism along with religious tourism. The purpose of this research is to study ecotourism in Ilam villages and its compliance with sustainable tourism. In this regard, the benefits and disadvantages of the residents of Ilam province are considered. The research method in this paper is based on the correlation-survey method. In order to evaluate ecotourism in Ilam, based on previous studies as well as field observations, 31 indices were compiled and 600 questionnaires were distributed based on cluster sampling and Cochran method in the targeted cities of Ilam province. The findings show that the development of nature tourism in Ilam is based on a combination of economic and developmental factors that lead to unequal power relations and reduced interactions between the human-host environment and the guest. The results show that from the viewpoint of the local people, ecotourism in Ilam has not been able to achieve the principles of ecological and cultural sustainability. The current approach has mainly affected the natural and cultural areas of the province's tourism target areas.

The purpose of this research is to identify and provide solutions to increase income sources in education in Ilam province. In this research, the statistical population consists of two parts, the qualitative part which includes 15 university professors and experts in the financial field of education and training and the quantitative part which includes all the experts of the financial unit of education and training in Ilam province (N=45). In this survey, sampling was not done and the census method was used. Based on the purpose, this research is practical and from the point of view of how to collect information, it is a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) type of research. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, which has face validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine reliability. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated for the questionnaire (0.91), which is statistically acceptable and indicates the reliability of the questionnaire. For the confirmatory factor analysis of the questions, the structural equation test has been used. In this research, KMO statistics, Bartlett's test, Sobel's mediation hypotheses test were used to determine the appropriateness of the data for factor analysis. Finally, SPSS and Lisrel software were used for data analysis. The research results showed that causal factors (functional, structural, systemic), categories (technical, economic, legal), background factors (financial, urban, organizational), intervening factors (organizational and organizational, administrative, regulatory and legal), strategies ( legal), consequences (organizational consequences, individual consequences, social consequences),is one of the effective factors in increasing income sources in education in Ilam province.

bitumen seep of Ain Gir is one of the important natural resources of this plain. Archeological findings show that bitumen has been extracted and produced on a large scale in the Deh Luran plain due to its many useful features. Bitumen in Tepe Farukhabad has been one of the important items that was produced from the Farukh to Early Dynastic Phases. The process of bitumen production in Farukhabad can be divided into two stages: the first includes Farukh to Middle Uruk Phases, where bitumen production is at a low level and a small amount of it was exported, and an important part of it was consumed had a local. The second phase of the Late Uruk, Jemdet Nasr, and Early Dynastic Phases. At this stage, noticeable changes occurred in the process of production and use of bitumen. The production of bitumen and its export increased noticeably and its local consumption decreased drastically. At the same time, in the Late Uruk period, large non-native buildings were erected, which were apparently the office spaces of workshops related to the production and trade of bitumen. Also, during this period, the scope of settlement in Farukhabad reached its maximum expansion. It seems that the increase in the need for bitumen led to the establishment of new groups in Farukhabad and more efforts to produce and export it to the desired centers. Probably, in the recent stage, we are faced with non-native specialists who have settled in Farukhabad and managed bitumen export.

The general purpose of the research is to design the optimal outsourcing model for the activities of the General Department of Culture and Islamic Guidance of Ilam province. The statistical society consists of two parts. Based on the purpose, this research is practical and from the point of view of how to collect data, it is a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) type of research. The qualitative part includes 30 experts from within the university and the experts of the General Department of Culture and Islamic Guidance of Ilam Province, and the quantitative part includes all the employees of the General Department of Culture and Islamic Guidance of Ilam Province. 115 people have been selected using the census method. The data collection tool was used in the qualitative part of the semi-structured questionnaire and in the quantitative part of the researcher-made questionnaire which has face validity and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine reliability. Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the questionnaire was obtained (0.88), which is statistically acceptable. The results show that strategic, structural, human and value factors are among the effective factors on the outsourcing of the activities of the General Department of Culture and Islamic Guidance of Ilam province. Also, according to the sample T-Tech test, the current status of the indicators is higher than the numerical average (3), which indicates the approval of the indicators from the point of view of the studied society.

The present research analyzes the teachers' point of view about the factors affecting the academic progress of students in the schools of Malekshahi city in Ilam province. The present study was conducted using a qualitative method of thematic analysis, and 32 semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Existing schools are divided into three categories: urban, rural and nomadic. In order to collect data, purpose-based sampling was used, for this purpose, 32 teachers teaching in these schools were interviewed. The method of data analysis was also formed based on the implementation of data and converting them into text, analysis of interviews and coding of the concepts obtained in these interviews, and finally the researchers categorized and classified these concepts. .The findings show 5 main themes: 1- Contextual intervenors such as: learning disorder and mental concentration, physical health and motivation for progress. 2- Family challenges such as: parents' level of education, involvement and conflict of families and some specific social harms such as addiction in the family. 3- Vulnerable livelihood which includes: poverty, financial weakness of families and the small amount per capita of the school to buy educational aids. 4- Social and cultural contexts such as: social context, lifestyle and sometimes class differences. 5- Educational theme, which is divided into conditions before entering the school, classroom space, books and educational materials, teaching methods, facilities and equipment, management and existing evaluation.

The problem of reducing the fertility rate in recent decades in Iran and formulating appropriate policies to improve it has been one of the main challenges of policymakers in the social sphere. The purpose of the current research is to study the future of the population of the province until 1420 based on possible scenarios. For this purpose, in order to achieve the goal of the research, while determining the required assumptions, using the secondary analysis method and with the help of Spectrum software, population forecasting is done by age, gender, urban and rural groups for the cities of the province. done. The selected scenario is based on the continuation of the current trend of fertility, mortality and migration of the province. The future demographic developments of the province show that the population of the province has structurally entered the stage of old age and the share of the elderly population will increase significantly and the population under 15 years will decrease and this will cause problems in the regeneration process. Such a trend can be observed among the cities of the province.