فصلنامه پژوهش های ارتباطی
پیاپی 68 (زمستان 1390)

The present article aims to identify and rate the obstacles to professional ethics development in sports media in Iran. Drawing on a number of descriptive studies and interviews with distinguished university instructors and experts on sports media, the article, first, identifies the obstacles and then introduces a questionnaire using 28 determined obstacles. The questionnaires were given to 15 elites and then their views on the introduced obstacles were assessed based on a seven-value scale. The data gathered were considered as inputs into the numerical taxonomy matrix, a tactic used to rate the present obstacles. According to the findings, four obstacles, i.e. “lack of an inclusive ethical system for supervising sports media performance”, “staff job dissatisfaction” (lack of job security, administrative corruption, etc.), “sport media staff lack of adequate education and expertise” and “covering up many ethical violations by current laws” were rated based on their preferences.

To examine the role of media in promoting sports culture in women leisure time, the present research selected 96 women working in Tabriz universities as subjects. They filled in researcher-made questionnaires constructed based on individual’s traits and media role in promoting sports as well as standard questionnaires constructed based on health-related theories. Descriptive and deductive statistics (Pearson, Spearman, t-test) were used to analyze the data. The findings indicate that there is a direct significant relationship between women’s level of awareness of health-related benefits of doing sports in leisure time and their media activeness. However, there was no significant relationship between reluctance and factors impeding participation in media activities. Furthermore, the level of factors impeding participation of women was low and the level of factors encouraging their participation was high.

Given the undeniable role of IRIB in shaping and directing public opinions, attitudes and believes as well as paving the way for sports to be addressed duly, the present article aims to answer the following question: is there any significant difference between effective subcomponents of IRIB’s informing, social participation, training and culture-building roles with regard to popular sports? The method used in this applicable research is descriptive-comparative. A survey was conducted to gather data in this field study. Subjects were some 120 media and sports experts who were selected using non-random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was employed for data gathering. Findings indicate that there is a significant difference between effective subcomponents of quadruple role of IRIB regarding popular sports. It seems that IRIB is able to take important steps in improving popular sports and raising individuals’ awareness by employing experts and committed forces.

The present article aims to examine the relationship between moral values conveyed to society by media and controlling vandalistic behaviors of soccer fans, given their personal characteristics. An applied research, the present study adopts a descriptive methodology and employs a survey through field study to achieve its objectives. The subjects consisted of 20000 supporters of Malavan and Piruzi who attended Takhti Stadium to watch the match between the two teams. The samples consisted of 377 fans who were selected based on Morgan’s Table. The measurement tool was a researcher-made questionnaire constructed based on the research theoretical principles and similar foreign and domestic research questionnaires. Findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between the level of controlling vandalistic behaviors through football on TV and such variables as marital status, age, education and job. Furthermore, majority of the subjects believed that media are not successful in conveying moral values while broadcasting football. There was not either a significant relationship between variables related to moral values adopted from media and variables related to controlling vandalistic behaviors.

The present article aims to expand the conceptual framework of “advocating culture” and “soccer advocating journals” into “football advocating” and “analyzing weblogs belonging to Istiqlal fans, based on opportunities and challenges created by cyberspace for users/supporters of the soccer team. In other words, this article seeks an answer to the question that to what extent football fans in Iran have enjoyed the opportunities the cyberspace has created for constructing “cyberspace advocating identity” based on balance and interaction. To study the representation of football advocating culture in cyberspace based on concepts of “differentiation and discrimination”, “production and participation”, “accumulating capital” as well as cyberspace traits, a sample of weblogs belonging to fans of Istiqlal was analyzed. Findings indicate that in most of the advocating weblogs, the promise of forming a group of advocates based on vast significant interactions has not been realized. Thus, advocating weblogs are mostly individual advocating magazines rather than a popular interactive space based on cyberspace characteristics. According to the findings, one can argue that football advocating in Iran is mostly relied on the popular mass media, namely television.

The main objective of the present research was to conduct a content analysis on Channel Three conductor, particularly its sports programs. The research population includes all broadcast programs on this channel in Ordibehesht and Khordad (May and June). The research employed convenience sampling to select sample programs. Research tool was coding sheets and the unit of analysis was minute-based broadcast time. Findings indicate that there is a significant difference between live and produced sports programs and between team and individual matches in terms of broadcast time. Hence, there was a significant difference between all sub-scales of broadcast time for sports programs in day times. There was also a significant difference between all sub-scales of the type of the broadcast sport programs. Besides, there was a significant difference between sub-scales of the days in which sports programs were broadcast.

The present article addresses structural and semantic-syntactic deviations in TV football reports. It aims to not only shed light on verbal abnormalities of the reporters but also put forward measures to reduce such shortcomings and standardizing football reports language. To reach this objective, a corpus containing 15 last minutes of all football reports broadcast over the last year was collected and then the deviations were found. The criterion for selecting the reporters in this research was the frequency of their reporting matches over the last 10 years. Findings indicate that despite frequent speech mistakes made by the reporters, the structure of their language has been close to the standard language.