مجله زنان مامائی و نازائی ایران
سال پانزدهم شماره 14 (هفته چهارم امرداد 1391)

Recent studies have reported that high and low maternal pre-pregnancy weight is accompanied with adverse pregnancy outcome including preterm labor and low birth weight or macrosomia. The purpose of the present study is to find the relationship between maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and spontaneous preterm labor and birth weight. This cohort study was performed on 576 pregnant women who referred to Shahid Akbarabadi hospital in Tehran in year 2008. 396 women finally finished the study. Maternal BMI was determined at the first prenatal visit (between 8-12 weeks of pregnancy) then the women were followed up to delivery. Gestational age at the time of delivery and neonatal weight were recorded and their results were investigated in four groups: underweight (BMI<20 kg/m2)، normal weight (BMI=20-24. 9 kg/m2)، over weight (BMI=25-29. 9 kg/m2) and obese (BMI=30-40 kg/m2). Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 15)، T-test، ANOVA، Chi-square and Pearson correlation tests and linear regression model. P less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. The women in all BMI groups had no significant differences according to age، height، history of abortion and occupation. 21 women (5. 3%) were underweight، 198 women (50%) had normal weight، 117 women (29. 5%) were overweight and 60 (15. 2%) were obese. No case of morbidly obese was seen. Obesity had positive correlation with higher gestational age at the time of delivery (r=0. 213، p=0. 015) and more birth weight (r=0. 361، p=0. 008). In contrast، low birth weight had correlation with low maternal weight (r=0. 157، p=0. 041). Macrosomia was more in obese women (p=0. 022) and BMI had positive correlation with macrosomia (r=0. 224، p=0. 034). Preterm labor showed a negative correlation with BMI (r=-0. 124، p=0. 004) and preterm labor was seen more in women with lower BMI (p=0. 035). Overweight women was more high risk for macrosomia، while، low birth weight (LBW) and spontaneous preterm labor were seen more in underweight mothers.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common hormonal problems among women in the age of fertility that causes infertility via stopping ovulation. Prescribing calcium with clomiphene may greatly impact induction ovulation and follicles growth. Thus، this study was conducted aimed on investigating the effect of Calcium-vitamin D in efficacy of induction ovulation in infertile women with PCOS.

This randomized controlled trial was conducted on 44 infertile women with PCOS in years 2010-2011. Patients were divided into two groups (22 Intervention and 22 controls) using block randomization method. Intervention group received a daily dose of 50 mg clomiphene tablet with 400 units of vitamin D3 and 1000 mg calcium and control group received a daily dose of 50 mg clomiphene tablet with placebo. In order to measure follicles size، patients underwent sonography during three menstruation cycles، each time at 13th day of menstruation. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11. 5 and Chi square، Fisher، Mann-Whitney and repeated measures ANOVA Tests. P less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant.

No significant statistical different was observed in trend of changes in follicle size in two groups (p=0. 1). However، the median and mean of follicles size in intervention group was higher than control group in first، second and third months (p<0. 05). There was also no significant statistical difference between the first and second months regarding the size of follicles (p=0. 82); but the size of follicles in third month was significantly different from second month (p=0. 01).

Adding 400 units of vitamin D3 and 1000 mg calcium to normal clomiphene dosage may increase the size of follicles that its effect is especially more significant after the second post-treatment menstruation.

The rate of low birth weight has been reported to be 7. 7% for singleton and multiple pregnancies for all races. About 56% of pregnant women in developing countries، 18% in developed countries and 80% in south Asia suffer from anemia. Controversial results have been reported concerning the effects of maternal hemoglobin concentration on neonatal birth weight. The purpose of this study is investigating the relationships between hemoglobin and maternal Body mass index (BMI) in pregnancy and neonatal birth weight.

This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on all medical records of pregnant women (6685 records) who referred to Ardabil health centers and had labor in 2009. Twin deliveries، still births، smokers and mothers with severe chronic disease were excluded. Pearson correlation، T- test، ANOVA، and were applied for statistical analysis using SPSS software. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16)، Pearson correlation test، T-test، ANOVA and MANOVA tests. P less than 0. 05 was considered statistically significant.

No significant relationship was found between maternal hemoglobin concentration in first and third trimester of pregnancy and neonatal birth weight (p=0. 33، p=0. 98). No significant difference was found in mean of neonatal weight based on stratified hemoglobin concentration in different groups of BMI (p=0. 25). There was a significant relationship between parental age and birth weight (p<0. 001). Moreover، statistically significant difference was observed in birth weight between different genders (p=0. 001). Frequency of low birth weight and macrosomia were respectively 3. 5% and 5. 2%.

No significant relationship was found between maternal hemoglobin concentration and neonatal birth weight. But، neonatal weight is associated with other factors such as birth weight، parental age، number of prenatal care، infant gender and maternal body mass index.

This researchwas a systematic review and a meta-analysis study of prevalence of postpartum depression that 15 articles were selected from 1997 to 2010 of different sub regions of Iran by using a valid keyword with search in valid database (SID، MedLib، IranMedex، Google and Magiran). To explore heterogeneity between studies I2 index was used. Meta-analysis used to data analysis with random effects model.

All the sample size in this study was 11665 with average of 777 samples. The pooled prevalence of PPD was 28. 7% in Iran (CI 95%: 24. 9-32. 5) and in Studies that Edinburgh and Beck questionnaires were used، the prevalence was 26. 9% (CI 95%: 22. 3-31. 6) and 30. 5% (CI 95%: 21. 4-39. 6) respectively. The prevalence of PPD in women with a history of depression was 39. 6% (CI 95%: 36. 6-73. 3)، Employed women and housewives 33. 5% (CI 95% 12. 1-54. 8) and 29% (CI 95%: 14. 5-43. 5) respectively، in women with wanted and unwanted pregnancies، 40. 3 (CI 95%: 26. 6-54. 1) and 50. 5% (CI 95%: 34. 8-66. 3) respectively.

Prevalence of PPD is higher in Iranian’s studies compare with similar studies in other parts of the world. PPD was seen more in employed women، mothers with a history of depression and unplanned pregnancy.