فهرست مطالب حمید افشار زنجانی

The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of ACT (Acceptance and Commitment Therapy) on the perceived stress and enhancing a sense of coherence among individuals diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. A quasi-experimental design comprising a pre-test, post-test, control group, and a two-month follow-up period was utilized for the study. The statistical cohort comprised all patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis who were referred to the Digestion and Liver Research Center during  the autumn and winter of 2019-20, under the supervision of Alzahra Hospital. A total of 25 patients who were diagnosed with ulcerative colitis were chosen using a purposive sampling method and assigned at random to either the experimental or control group. Over the course of two months, the experimental group participated in ten ACT sessions, each lasting seventy-five minutes. The applied questionnaires utilized in this study comprised the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Sense of Coherence Questionnaire (SCQ). The data obtained from the study were subjected to analysis using mixed ANOVA via SPSS-23. Patients with ulcerative colitis (p<0.001) experience a significant reduction in perceived tension and sense of coherence, as indicated by the findings. According to the findings, it can be concluded that ACT has the potential to serve as a successful intervention to decrease perceived stress and improvement of sense of coherence among individuals diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. This is achieved through the utilization of six primary processes: acceptance, diffusion, context as self, relationship with the present moment, values, and committed activities.

Chronic diseases not only may cause cognitive and psychological problems in affected individuals but also may harm their physiological recovery process. Thus, the current study aimed at investigating the efficacy of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on quality of life and type D personality of patients with ulcerative colitis.

Methods and Materials:

 The research method was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and a control group and a two-month follow-up. The statistical population included patients with ulcerative colitis who were referred to the Digestion and Liver Research Center (affiliated with Alzahra Hospital) in the autumn and winter of 2019-20. Twenty-five patients with ulcerative colitis were recruited using the purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to either an experimental group or a control group. The experimental group received eight seventy-five-minute sessions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for two months. The questionnaires administered in this study included the World Health Organization quality of life assessment (World Health Organization, 1994) and Type D personality (Denollet, 2005). The data were analyzed using mixed ANOVA via the SPSS 23 software.

The results showed that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy had significant effects on the quality of life and type D personality in patients with ulcerative colitis (p <.001).

According to the findings of the current study, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can be used as an effective intervention to improve quality of life and decrease characteristics of type D personality in patients with ulcerative colitis through applying the six main processes, including acceptance, diffusion, context as self, relationship with the present time, values and committed activities.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment based therapy on quality of life and psychological well-being in patients with type 2 diabetes.

The present study was of applied and semi-experimental type with three-month follow-up which conducted in 2020. The statistical population of this study included patients with type 2 diabetes referring to kish island medical centers. The sample consisted of 40 patients with type 2 diabetes who were selected by available sampling method and were assigned into two groups of acceptance and commitment therapy (n=20) and control (n=20). Participants completed Reef's Quality of Life and Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire. Acceptance and commitment therapy was performed in 8 sessions of 90 minutes and once a week for two months. Mancova method and analysis of variance with repeated measurements were used to analyze the data. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.

The findings of this study showed that acceptance and commitment therapy was effective in improving the quality of life (P-Value<0.01) and psychological well-being (P-Value<0.01). The effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy remained lasting after three months of follow-up.

Acceptance and commitment based therapy can be used to increase the quality of life and psychological well-being of patients with type 2 diabetes.

Diabetes is a prevalent metabolic disorder associated with hyperglycemia, insufficient secretion, or impaired insulin function. A component affected by diabetes is the Quality of Life (QoL) of patients. The QoL indicates the viewpoint of individuals about their health status and the extent to which they are satisfied with it. Psychological wellbeing reflects optimal psychological performance and experience. Psychological wellbeing is defined as the growth of each individualchr('39')s true talents. One of the most effective pieces of training for patients with diabetes is needs–based self–care education. Self–care is a progressing process concerning increasing awareness through learning that leads to the continuation of onechr('39')s life along with the complex nature of diabetes. The present study aimed to determine the effects of group self–care training on QoL and psychological wellbeing in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This was a quasi–experimental study with a pretest–posttest–follow–up and a control group design. The statistical population of the study included patients with type 2 diabetes referring to the medical centers of Kish Island, Iran, in 2019. The sample consisted of 40 patients with type 2 diabetes. The study subjects were selected by convenience sampling approach; using a simple randomization method, they were assigned into two groups of education based on self–care needs and control (n=20/group). The inclusion criteria were being diagnosed with diabetes for ≥1 year, a hemoglobin A1C level of >7%, having a minimum age of 30 years, having a minimum of ninth–grade education, not receiving psychological treatment since the diagnosis of disease, the lack of acute or chronic psychical or mental diseases, the lack of skeletal diseases, the lack of heart and respiratory failures, etc. causing problems in blood sampling and attending long sessions, not taking psychotropic drugs, and no substance abuse. Furthermore, severe complications of diabetes leading to hospitalization, absence from >2 treatment sessions, and major stresses caused by unconceused accidents were also considered as the exclusion criteria. HbA1C test was performed three months after the end of the training. The required data were achieved using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL–BREF; WHO, 1996) and the Psychological Wellbeing Scale (Ryff, 1989). At the end of the sessions, both study groups re–completed the research questionnaires and the HbA1C test was performed to follow up and evaluate the stability of the effect of the presented training. Self–care education was performed in five 90–minute weekly sessions for two months based on Firooz et al.’s (2015) training package. Repeated–measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used in SPSS at the significance level of 0.05 to analyze the obtained data.

ANOVA data were significant for intra–group factor (time) (p<0.001) and inter–group factor (p=0.008). Additionally, the time*group interaction was significant (p<0.001) with an effect size of 0.78. Respecting psychological wellbeing, the ANOVA result was significant for intra–group factor (time) (p<0.001). Besides, the group*time interaction was significant (p<0.001) with an effect size of 0.76. There was also a significant difference in psychological wellbeing and QoL between pretest with posttest and follow–up scores (p<0.001). Furthermore, the effectiveness of the presented program in the follow–up phase was lasting for psychological wellbeing (p=0.197) and QoL (p=0.170).

Based on the current study findings, the provided group self–care training was effective on QoL and psychological wellbeing in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Aim and Background: Somatic symptom is one of the prevalent complaints in patients with psychiatric disorders and in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5th Edition (DSM-5) is mentioned as somatic symptom disorder (SSD). In order to assess somatic complaints, validated scales are required. The aim of the present study was preparation of Persian version and determination of factor structure (as one of the psychometric properties) of Screening for Somatoform Symptoms-7 (SOMS-7) scale in Iranian samples. Methods and Materials: This psychometric study was conducted in Psychosomatic Research Center of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran, and included 100 patients with anxiety/mood disorders. All participants were asked to complete SOMS-7 and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). Validity was confirmed by correlational method, and factor analysis and external and internal reliability were confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and re-test method. Factor analysis was performed by exploratory and confirmatory method. Data were analysed via SPSS software. Findings: Internal consistency of SOMS-7 was obtained 0.92 using Cronbach's alpha and reliability was obtained 0.70 via re-test method in two weeks interval. Factor analysis showed an appropriate two-factor structure in patients. The correlation of these two factors with somatic scale of PHQ was obtained 0.51 and 0.59, respectively, and revealed the construction validity as well as convergent validity. Findings indicate that Persian version of SOMS-7 has suitable reliability and validity for assessment of SSD and also evaluation of treatment effects in these patients.

The aim of this study was to examine the efficacy of Cognitive Group Therapy based on Rational– Emotive Behaviour Techniques and Homeopathy in the treatment of Depression. For this reason, among the patients consulting to Isfahan psychiatric clinic (Noor), having obtained a score between to on the Beck' s Depression Inventory, and further diagnosed by a psychiatrist assessment to have been suffering from Depression, female patients were selected and assigned to experimental groups randomly. weekly sessions of Cognitive Group Therapy based on Rational– Emotive Behavioral techniques was administered to the experimental group. The subjects of Homeopathy group by kind permission of the psychiatrist were referred to the homeopath and treated by the homeopathic remedies for months, individually. At the end of interventions, the Beck's Depression Inventory was administered to both experimental groups as post-test for the second time. The measuring instruments were: Psychiatric assessment, Demographic questionnaire and Beck's Depression Inventory. Data analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including: Frequency, Frequency percentage, Covariance and dependent T- test. The results of data analysis revealed that both therapeutic methods were effective in the treatment of Depression (P ≥). No differences among treatment conditions at post-test were observed (P ≥).