فهرست مطالب سمیه فخری

Physical activity and the use of herbal supplements can affect liver enzymes. Nano-curcumin is an effective ingredient (deferulovl methane) in turmeric with antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative properties and can play an important role in preventing liver fibrosis. This study was performed to determine the effect of 6 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with Nano-curcumin supplementation on liver enzyme levels in overweight female students.

This clinical trial study was performed on 48 overweight female students of Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Iran with an average age of 21.7±1.32 years and a BMI equals 27.8±2.46kg/m2 during 2018. Participants were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, Nano-curcumin supplementation (One 80 mg capsule daily), training and training combined with nano-curcumin supplementation (one 80 mg capsule daily). Training groups performed an exercise protocol of HIIT training with maximum heart rate for 6 weeks (three sessions per week). Blood samples were obtained to liver enzymes measurement (ALT, AST and ALP) before and after the intervention period.

Performing six weeks of high intensity interval training along with taking nano-curcumin supplemen led to a significant reduction in serum level of AST and ALT compared to control group (P<0.05). In the supplement-training group, a significant decrease was observed in serum levels of ALT and AST compared to pre-test (P<0.05). But no statistically significant changes were observed in ALP serum level.

It seems taking nano-curcumin supplement along with high intensity interval training have a favorable effects on improving some of the liver characteristics of overweight female students.

Physical activity and exercise through different mechanisms can promote health in individuals.The body's bone tissue can alter glucose and fat metabolism under the influence of physical activity and exercise. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on serum levels of under-carboxylated osteocalcin, insulin resistance and lipid profile in overweight girls.

This randomized controlled clinical trial study was performed on 24 overweight female students (body mass index: 28.58±2.38) in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz in 2020. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups of 12-member: HIIT and control. The training group practiced for 6 weeks (3 sessions per week), while the control group did not have any regular physical activity. Blood samples were obtained for measurement of serum level of Osteocalcin, glucose, insulin and lipid profile (48 hours before and after the intervention period). Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 23) and paired-t and independent t-test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Performing high intensity interval training for 6 weeks led to an increase in serum levels of under-carboxylated osteocalcin (P=0.045), significant decrease in glucose (P=0.026), insulin resistance (P=0.036), triglycerides (P=0.017) and LDL (P=0.04) in overweight girls; while, no significant changes were observed in other components of lipid profile (total cholesterol and HDL) (P≥0.05).

Performing high intensity interval training led to a significant improvement in insulin resistance and some features of the lipid profile (triglycerides and LDL). This may be due to an increase in the endocrine function of the bone (under-carboxylated osteocellin).

Physical activity and exercise can affect the bones, and participate in glucose and fat metabolism by releasing osteokines such as under-carboxylated osteocalcin. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of high-intensity plyometric training on serum levels of under-carboxylated osteocalcin, insulin resistance index, and lipid profile components in inactive girls.

This was a semi-experimental research with pretest-posttest design. 24 inactive girl students with mean age of 24.16 ± 1.53 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 22.22 ± 1.01 kg/m2</sup> were randomly divided into two equal groups of Plyometric training and control. The exercise protocol was performed for 4 weeks (three session per week), while the control group did not have any regular physical activity. Blood samples were obtained before and after the intervention period for under-carboxylated osteocalcin, lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance measures. The data were analyzed using independent and dependent t-test (P < 0.050).

There was a significant decrease in blood glucose level (P = 0.035), insulin resistance index (P = 0.040), and some lipid profile parameters such as cholesterol (P = 0.040) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (P = 0.025) in the training group. Moreover, a significant decrease was seen in blood glucose serum level (P = 0.025) and insulin resistance index (P = 0.030), with no significant change in under-carboxylated osteocalcin and lipid profile components in the exercise group compared to the control.

A significant reduction was observed in blood glucose serum levels, insulin resistance index, and improvement of some lipid profile components in inactive girls, which appeared to be independent of changes in bone endocrine function index (under-carboxylated osteocalcin).

Regular physical activity and diet can be effective in preventing cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with nano-curcumin supplementation on factors related to cardiovascular disease such as lipid profile and C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in overweight girls.

The research method was randomized-experimental with pre-post test design. 48 overweight student girls with mean age of 21.78±0.94 years and BMI equals 28.12±2.1kg/m2 were randomly divided into four groups: training (n=12), training-supplement (n=12), supplement (n=12) and control group (n=12). Supplement groups consumed a 80 mg nano-curcumin capsule daily. Training groups performed an exercise protocol of HIIT training with maximum heart rate for 6 weeks (three sessions per week). The control group did not have any regular exercise. Blood samples were obtained for measurement of lipid profile serum levels (Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL)) and CRP before and after a 6-week period of exercise and supplementation. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and dependent t-test at P≤0.05.

In the supplement-training group, triglyceride (P=0.03) and CRP (P=0.03) significantly decreased, HDL (P=0.034) significantly increased and LDL and cholesterol did not show significant changes (P≥0.05). But there were no significant changes in lipid profile and CRP in the training and supplement groups (P≥0.05).

HIIT training and nano-curcumin supplementation alone resulted in slight positive changes of lipid profile and CRP. But it seems that doing HIIT training together with nano-curcumin supplementation has a reinforcing effect on each other and they are more effective at preventing cardiovascular diseases.

 Studies have shown that the use of herbal medicines can be effective in prevention and treatment of obesity/overweight and its related disorders. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of nanocurcumin supplementation on anthropometric characteristics, lipid profile and C-reactive Protein (CRP) in overweight girls.

 This is a quasi-experimental study with pretest/posttest design. The subjects were 24 overweight students with a mean age of 22.48±1.64 years and body mass index (BMI) of 27.53±3.29 kg/m2.  After receiving written consent from the subjects, they were randomly divided into two groups of supplement (n=12) and placebo (n=12). Supplement group consumed 80 mg nanocurcumin capsule daily for 6 weeks. Anthropometric indicators (weight, BMI and waist-to-hip ratio) were measured before and after the intervention and blood samples were collected to measure lipid profile parameters (low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein) and CRP level. Data were analyzed by dependent and independent t-tests. The significance level of the tests was set at P≤0.05. 

 Nanocurcumin supplementation for 6 weeks did not significantly affect the anthropometric indicators, lipid profile parameters and CRP level (P>0.05). 

 It seems that the short-term nancurcumin supplementation cannot significantly affect anthropometric characteristics, lipid profile, and CRP level in overweight girls. Therefore, long-term use and different doses of this supplement are recommended.

 Despite the positive effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), these training cause oxidative stress due to high intensity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 6 weeks of HIIT training by using Nano-Curcumin supplement on total antioxidant capacity and Malondialdehyde level in overweight girls.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design. Accordingly 48 overweight girl students with average age (21.78 ±0.94 years) and BMI (28.12±2.1 Kg/m2) entered were randomly and equal divided into four groups: training group (n=12), training-supplement (n=12), supplement (n=12) and control group (n=12). Supplemental groups consumed an 80 mg capsule daily of Nano-Curcumin. Training groups, three sessions per week for 6 weeks performed HIIT exercises with 85 to 95% of maximum heart rate. Before and after training and consumption the supplementation, Blood samples were obtained to measure Malondialdehyde indices and total antioxidant capacity.

In the present study, there was a significant decrease in Malondialdehyde levels (P = 0.009) and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (P = 0.01) in the training-supplement group while levels of Malondialdehyde increased significantly (P = 0.004) in the training group.

 It seems, HIIT training causes oxidative stress in overweight people, concomitant use of the supplement may possibly improve the total antioxidant capacity in overweight people.