فهرست مطالب سیف الله علائی

Universities of medical sciences play an essential role by training healthcare forces, including prehospital staffs, have significant role in delivery healthcare services. In this regard, the educational system and curriculum should be designed based on the needs of clients and in accordance with scientific criteria. Comparison of curricula can help to improve the quality of the educational program. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of comparing the BSc emergency medicine degree program in Iran and the University of Greenwich, England.

The present research was carried out in a descriptive-comparative way. The required information through internet search and with a review of the BSc emergency medicine in Iran and the university Greenwich England was obtained and then Based on the Brady model, two educational programs were compared in four stages: description, interpretation, juxtaposition and comparison.

In Iran, the criteria for entering the field is to have a basic degree and to participate in the exam and face-to-face interview. At the University of Greenwich, face-to-face interview and presentation of documents are considered criteria for entering the field. The program of both universities has a clear mission, vision and goals. The study period in Iran is 4 years and there are a total of 130 units and each unit is considered equal to 17 hours. At the University of Greenwich, the 3-year course has a total of 360 units and each unit is equal to 10 hours. In addition to basic, specialized topics, practical and clinical skills, the University of Greenwich educational program pays more attention to personal communication, management skills and professional regulations.

The general aspects of recruiting and training volunteers are too similar in the two compared areas . Using the experiences of the University of Greenwich educational program, including a holistic approach, strengthening individual and organizational communication, becoming more familiar with professional roles and regulations, strengthening online education, emphasizing car driving skills and self-empowerment can help to develop professional competency and at last lead to high Quality of care.

Despite the development of hospitals in recent years, there is a gap between the number of hospital beds in our country and standard number of hospital beds, and they are faced with increased workload. The aim of this study is to explain the role of counseling centers and nursing services in reducing the workload of hospitals.
This study was conducted using qualitative method. The main research participants were managers of counseling and nursing care services Centers. Purposive and theoretical sampling was used in this study. In total, 26 managers of various centers and institutions providing health care services, physicians, and clients were interviewed. Data were analyzed using content analysis.
The final research findings emerged on three main themes "outpatient care of patients at home", "decreased care coverage of acute patients at home", "limited cooperation in the care of hospitalized patients" with several subcategories.
Providing community-based services, particularly providing care for critically ill patients hospitalized at home has been reduced in recent years, and large part of this care is transferred again to the hospital. Therefore, it is necessary to revise the executive programs to develop interactive work and regulated the relationship between counseling and nursing care services Centers and hospitals.

Activity restrictions can have potential impacts on the prevalence of mental disorders. However, in patients with lower limb traumas the problems and the physical disabilities are usually taken more into consideration than mental status, while they refer for further examinations. Therefore, this study is aimed to investigate the changes in the process of depression, anxiety and stress in men with lower limb traumas.
In a prospective study the patients with lower limb traumas, who have been hospitalized in Amir Al-Mo’menin and Kowsar hospitals in Semnan since June 2012 to August 2015, were selected randomly and studied. The data was collected by demographic and incident questionnaire and depression, anxiety and stress questionnaire. At first the patients were asked to complete the questionnaires based on their psychological experience of one month prior to the trauma. Then same questionnaires were completed by the patients one and three months after the trauma. The data was analyzed using Friedman and Wilcoxon tests.
The data of 157 patients was analyzed. The results showed that there was a significant difference in the severity of depression disorders, anxiety and stress in three stages of the study (P0.05).
The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress is increased in people with lower limb traumas. Therefore it is recommended that the patients with lower limb traumas to be supported mentally, socially and economically.

Nursing students need a wide variety of health information to meet their clinical and educational needs. This study aims through information needs approach to discover which aspects of the process of emergency nursing were more considered by students and they prefer which sources of information. We expect this study impacts on identifying of the information needs and leads to improve clinical education quality, student’s access skills to the information resource to meet their information needs and better management of patients by students. This descriptive-analytic survey was done on 131 pre graduating nursing students in 2008-2009. All of seventh and eighth semester nursing students of Semnan University of medical sciences and Islamic Azad University who were training at emergency units of affiliated hospitals were selected. We used from the questionnaire and data were analyzed by descriptive statistics bilateral and two variable correlation test in significant level of 1%. Findings showed that greatest information sources used daily the students were nursing staff (65.6%), patients (64.9%) and attend physician (52.7%). Most of the statistic society greatly needed to therapeutic and diagnostic Information. The correlation test showed significant correlation between diagnostic and therapeutic needs (P=0.00, r=0.340). Also 35.1% the students greatly needed management information. The results showed that in the process of emergency the students more considered to medical cases and they neglected from legal aspects and organizational framework and most of them preferred human resources among several sources. Evidence-based decisions require access to information resources as well as an understanding of how to use them effectively. According to lack of use update information resources, facilities such as access to books and equipped computer systems should be provided in emergency setting. While further education about how to use these sources should be presented.

In nursing teaching, clinical field is where students can use from new information and skills and attention to professional values that students need them for work in clinical field. Propose of this study is assessment of information needs of nursing students in emergency wards. ّFindings of this study can influence on clinical teaching quality, better management of patients by nursing students, reduction of patient stay and increase patients satisfaction. This descriptive-analytic survey was done on 131 pre graduating nursing students. We used a specific questionnaire and the data were analyzed by descriptive statistics bilateral and two variable correlation test in significant level of 1%. Findings showed 90. 8% of students have high need to clinical information. There was a significant correlation between diagnostic and treatment needs (P<0. 001, r = 0. 34). Also there was a significant correlation between awareness of direction office affairs and awareness of admission for patients assent. There was a meaningful correlation between dead persons transfer and awareness of modicolegal affairs for unfamiliar corpse (P<0. 001, r = 0. 599). Finally, the students asked a few questions about organizational or management systems and also legal issues. Conclsuion: On the basis of findings of the present study, it is necessary to include some important issues about legal concerns and organizational and management information of emergency medicine in curriculum of nursing student. Applications of findings of this study can improve quality of students nusing training and, in turn, nursing services to patient in emergency ward.

In the world, stroke causes long-term complication and is considered an the important cause in these inability in patients. Therefore, nursing care is very important in this patient that must determine reachable and supportive goals. We can decrease the problems in these patients, their families and treatment-care system with implementation good program. This investigation is a semi-experimental study which its main goal has been to determine the effect of home care on complication resulting from immobility in musculoskeletal system of patients with stroke stayed at home. Association of investigation all the patients with stroke stayed at home which have been hospitalized at one of the hospitals of Semnan town in winter of 1381 and summer of 1382, among them 32 persons were chosen accidentally (16 person test group and 16 person witness group). Collection of data was instrument includes a questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part demographic characteristic of patients with stroke and the second part as checklist which mentioned questions is in musculoskeletal system which completed by the researcher. After selection of samples and completion of questionnaire and graphic and checklist at the begining of the work, for patients of test group, nursing cares have been varried out by emphasising and focusing on musculoskeletal system for 12-18 session, each session 45 minutes to one hour (total 40 days) and for witness group no special care has given (But they were free in receiving care and if anyone had used this care, he/she expelled from samples). Research demographic profile indicated that 23 persons of samples are man (13 persons in test group and 10 persons in witness group) and 8 persons are woman (3 person in test group and 5 person in witness group). Mean of age is 63 in test group and 70 in withness group. Mean of weight is 67/5 kg in test group and 65 kg in witness group. In comparing immobility complication between two groups in muscloskeletal system (0.06) there were meaningful statical difference. Obtained finding in relation to the major goal of the investigation showd that the amount of complication resulting from immobility in test group, according to assumption has been lower than persons who don’t receive these cares, Nursing care was considered to be more effective on complication resulted from immobility of patients with stroke.