فهرست مطالب معصومه سرباز

According to the statistics of the Ministry of Health of Iran, the consumption of antibiotics has a high trend in Iran. So that nearly half of the prescriptions contain at least one antibiotic. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of parents toward the use of antibiotics for children in outpatient clinics in pediatric hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

Methods and Materials: 

400 samples of children’s parents referred to the pediatric hospital pharmacy were participated in this cross-sectional study. The tool of the present research was a research made questionnaire, which was created based on a review of the literature and the valid research conducted on the subject of the research. The reliability of the questionnaire was measured using the test-retest method and the validity of the questionnaire was measured using the experts opinions (Cronbach’s alpha: 0.89%).

In the survey of parents’ knowledge, 39% believed that antibiotics treat viral infections. 31.5% of parents believed that if their child has symptoms of cough, runny nose, and sore throat and receives antibiotics, it will be treated faster. 28.8% believed that antibiotics should be stopped as soon as the patient’s symptoms disappeared. In examining parents’ attitudes, 123 parents (30.8%) agreed, and 41 parents (10.2%) completely agreed that they have little knowledge about bacterial resistance. Half of the parents (50.0%) believed that the per capita consumption of antibiotics is high in Iran. Previous antibiotics prescribed by the doctor were the most common reason for parents taking antibiotics without consulting a specialist for similar symptoms (38.5%), and the least common reason was the convenience of buying antibiotics from a pharmacy (12.8%). Furthermore, 42.8 percent preferably use the child’s doctor and the pharmacist as
sources of information about antibiotics.

The results of this survey showed that the majority of parents do not have enough information about antibiotics. Therefore, it seems that a written and appropriate program should be planned to inform and increase information literacy. Doctors were considered as the most important source of information for obtaining information about antibiotic use, followed by pharmacists. Therefore, doctors and pharmacists should consider more time for counseling with parents and this time should be closer to the standard time.

Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) is a well-known ranking tool used to evaluate the quality of mobile health applications. In this study, we translated MARS into Persian and evaluated the quality of COVID-19-related applications in Iran. 

This study was conducted in two stages. First, MARS tool was translated into Persian, then back-translated into English, and finally, the corrected version was developed. In the second stage, applications for COVID-19 were searched in Cafe Bazaar, Sib App, Sib Irani and Myket applica-tion stores between July 2023 and December 2023. We used the translated version of the MARS to eval-uate the quality of the identified applications and rank them accordingly. 

After developing the final version of the MARS, we measured its reliability using Cronbach's al-pha coefficient, which ranged from 0.79 to 0.81. Twelve applications were included in the study. Among the reviewed applications, the highest score was related to Corona Virus, with a mean of 4.20. Also, 33.8% of the applications were ranked as good, 50% as acceptable, and 66.41% as poor. 

The present study showed that the applications designed for COVID-19 are generally not of acceptable quality.  A low score in the dimension of engagement suggests that the designers have paid less attention to the quality of the information contained in and the attractiveness of the applications.

Punctual rehabilitation of cancer patients or survivors has a great impact on improving their physical and mental conditions. Therefore, a proper follow up method is essentioal. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effect of telerehabilitation on improving the Physical Activity (PA) and Quality of Life (QoL) of cancer patients or survivors.

Methods and Materials: 

We conducted a systematic search on the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases on 25th of August in 2022. A literature search was also conducted using Google search engine to identify the most recent possible evidence. This study was conducted by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to report evidence from studies included in this systematic review. We included the studies of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that used telerehabilitation approaches to improve PA among cancer survivors and patients. These studies full text were available in English and they were considered as inclusion criteria without time limits.

Among the 12 included studies (8, 67%), a significant improvement was seen in the PA of cancer patients and survivors in the intervention group compared to the control group. However, in four studies, the PA of the patients improved in both the control and intervention groups. However, there was not any significant difference between the control and intervention groups. The QoL of the patients was evaluated in 4 of the included studies. In 3 studies, the QoL of the patients in the intervention group significantly improved compared to the control group.

All of our current findings support the idea that telerehabilitation approaches can be an effective alternative for improving PA and QoL compared to traditional cancer rehabilitation. These widespread methods may minimise barriers such as distance, time, and cost. As a result, by increasing access to care services, they may cause rapid feedback, reduce costs, and generally improve the health of cancer survivors.

HTLV-1 virus is a human retrovirus and it causes several chronic diseases. So far, there is not any vaccine or satisfactory treatment that has been developed for infections caused by this virus. Moreover, the best way to control the infection is prevention and the best way to prevent it is education. Therefore, our study was conducted to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of laboratory science students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences about HTLV-1 virus.

Methods and Materials: 

The present study was a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in Mashhad School of Paramedical Sciences in 2016. The study population included all laboratory science students studying at the time of the study (n= 300). Participants were selected by census method. Data were collected by a researcher-made questionnaire and they were analyzed, using SPSS software version 11.0.

A total of 265 students answered the questionnaire (response rate: 85٪). The mean age of students was 5.7 ± 22.7. The majority of students (52.7٪) stated that the most important source of information for receiving HTLV-1 related information was the classroom (52.1٪) and the Internet (16.6٪). In general, students’ level of awareness about this infection is poor with an average score of 14.44 out of 40 points. The knowledge level of 2.6٪ of students was at the high level, 33.2٪ of them at the intermediate level and 64.2٪ of them at the low level. There was a significant relationship between students’ knowledge and variables of gender and year of university entrance (P = 0.001).

In general, the obtained results show that the knowledge of the target group was poor. Due to the endemic nature of the disease, we need to change the teaching method and educational program related to this virus in the curriculum of medical students in order to better prevent and deal with this infection. This is especially important for groups that are more closely associated with the virus and its associated diseases, such as students and laboratory science graduates.

Military forces are exposed to certain diseases and hazards due to occupational conditions. This review study was conducted to investigate the effect of telemedicine in military medicine.

Methods and Materials: 

A systematic literature review of the studies was conducted by searching for relevant keywords in the title, abstract and related keywords of Embase, Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed in the authoritative scientific databases. English-language articles related to the development, role and effect of telemedicine in military medicine were included in the study on December 30 in 2021 without time limit. Exclusion criteria included review articles, full-text abstracts, letters to the editor, and lack of access to the full text of the articles. Eligibility criteria were independently screened by two authors. The same checklist was used to extract data such as reference, year of publication, country name, first author name, telemedicine approach, outcome, or training strategy.

Initially, 250 studies were retrieved from database searches and 19 studies were included in this study. Twelve studies were conducted in barracks or military areas. Four of them were performed in navy and three of them were done in war zone. Outcomes in studies including the use of telemedicine in orthopedic services (n= 4) intensive care (n= 3), psychology and surgical psychiatry (n= 5), physiological and biological monitoring of soldiers (n= 2), decision system for biological casualties (n= 1), physician training program (n= 4) including trauma were the predominant specialties that used telemedicine. Communication approachesused by telemedicine included online video conferencing, email, telephone, wearable technology, websites, and mobile applications. Most approaches were synchronous through the online video conferencing platform and websites. All studies reported the positive effects of telemedicine on the consequences of providing health care in the military. Among the major challenges facing the widespread implementation of telemedicine in operational environments were network constraints and cybersecurity concerns. Reliable communication, high bandwidth, low latency and security are essential to facilitate and make better use of telemedicine capabilities.

Telemedicine in military medicine has a very high potential in caring for this type of patient. This potentially not only maintains the operational readiness of reliable caregivers, but also improves the patient experience by minimizing deprivations of health care. Given the security constraints as the most important challenge, it must develop and train a full range of telemedicine support options, including high-bandwidth and secure solutions.

Access to quality information is essential for greater patient participation in treatment. This study aims to investigate the information sources of organ transplant recipients in Mashhad, Iran.

This analytical cross-sectional study was carried out from December 2017 to May 2018. Participants were 115 patients who received liver and kidney transplantation in Montaseriyeh Hospital in Mashhad. The research instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire with acceptable validity and test re-test reliability. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software, version 16.

The Mean age of the participants was 35.7±11 years. Most of them had the desire to receive more information about their disease (93%). The attending physician (Mean=8.91), Nurses (Mean=7.38), and other organ transplant patients (Mean=6.80) were the most popular sources of information for patients. The main reasons for using information sources were “having better understanding of the disease” (Mean=8.32), and “curiosity to learn more about the disease” (Mean=7.73). The most important problems in obtaining information were the lack of familiarity with medical terms (Mean=7.32) and information sources (Mean=7.16), and lack of access to information in Persian (Mean=7.14). Regarding the best type of educational method for information acquisition, verbal/face-to-face method got the highest score (Mean=9.05).

An appropriate and organized program should be developed for organ transplant patients to increase their health literacy as one of their undeniable rights.

Information systems are used in healthcare centers of Iran for more than three decades, but the successful cases of these systems are usually low. This study aims to determine the success and failure factors of the integrated health system (SIB) from the perspective of the users of this system in comprehensive health care centers of Torbat Heydariyeh, Iran.

This is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 2017. The study population consist of all users of the SIB system in the comprehensive health care centers in Torbat Heydariyeh county. Of these, 100 were selected using random and convenience sampling methods. The data were collected by a questionnaire. The, they were analyzed in SPSS v. 18 software.

The highest mean scores of success factors were related to economic (2.1±98.25), political (2.97±0.91) and ethical (2.91±0.91) factors, respectively, while the lowest mean scores were related to cultural (2.43±0.61), organizational (2.52±0.57) and educational factors (2.59±0.68).

The most important factor for the SIB system’s success is economic factor or cost-effectiveness. Appropriate policy making for the implementation and use of such systems is of particular importance.

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate and identify the latest evidence on the feasibility and accessibility of telerehabilitation services in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control of patients with COVID-19.

The studies were retrieved from the authoritative scientific databases Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed on November 25, 2021. Then, the gray literature was scrutinized using the Google search engine to identify the latest possible evidence. Randomized controlled trial studies and protocols that used the telerehabilitation approach as an intervention to improve the condition of distant COVID-19 patients were part of the inclusion criteria. In order to assess the quality of the studies entering this study, the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials was used. The same checklist was used for data extraction.

A total of 7 eligible articles were obtained in this review. The quality assessment results showed that there was no significant bias in the studies and all studies were eligible to be included in our study. In two studies (3.7, 43%), telerehabilitation was used to support COVID-19 patient, both of which reported significant improvement in endurance, functional and physical condition of patients with telerehabilitation. However, no significant improvement was found in patients' pulmonary function parameters. In contrast, another study showed a significant improvement in shortness of breath and aerobic capacity of patients in the intervention group compared to the control.

The results of the systematic review showed that a small number of small-scale studies on telerehabilitation have been performed for patients with COVID-19. However, it seems telerehabilitation has great potential to improve the functional, respiratory, physical condition and ultimately improve the quality of life of patients with COVID-19.

 Medical records can be defined as a document of the patients' treatment process. Complete and accurate information recording in the medical records of poisoned patients can play an important role in their complete clinical coding. This study aims to determine the amount of registered information required for clinical coding in the medical records of poisoned patients admitted to Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad, Iran.

 This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. 387 records were selected and reviewed by simple random sampling from all medical records of patients admitted to the poisoning ward of Imam Reza Hospital of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The instrument was a valid and reliable checklist. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics.

 The type of poisoning was registered in 387 (100%) medical records and in only 20 (5.2%) medical records the poisoning substance was an unknown drug. In 183 (47.3%) medical records, an external cause was registered for the poisoning, with 19 (4.9%) and 1 (0.3%) medical records including the individual's place of exposure and activity during exposure, respectively.

 The findings of this study can be used to plan and compile the necessary guidelines for the proper accurate documentation of medical records and the possibility of high quality clinical coding.

The Electronic Health Record contains personalized health care information. Several factors affect the quality of SEPAS (Iranian electronic health record) data, disregarding the types of hospital information system set-up in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to investigate userschr('39') views on the factors affecting the data quality of Iranian Electronic Health Record (SEPAS) in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018. In this study, the views of supervisors of the SEPAS system, HIS chief officers, and head of health information technology departments of hospitals were evaluated through a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. Content validity ratio and content validity index of the questionnaire were validated as 0.82 and 0.94, respectively. Furthermore, the internal questionnaire reliability was affirmed by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha of 0.96. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics in the SPSS v.16 software.

The most important individual factor of affecting SEPAS data quality was staff training (4.19±0.94 of 5). Moreover, the factor “Personnel awareness of goal, mission, and vision of SEPAS system" had the lowest score (3.86±1.16). Also, the most critical organizational factor was the integration and relation of the HIS with the Civil Status Registration System (4.43±0.72). In examining technical factors, the quality of its support team responsiveness to user demands had the highest score (4.56±0.58). Also, the utilization of new data collection instruments and technologies (barcode, RFID, etc.) had the lowest score (4.22±0.98).

The most efficient solutions to improve quality of SEPAS data seems to be continuous training of staff, enhancing HIS connection with the Civil Status Registration System and improving the responsiveness of SEPAS support team.

Among the different types of cancers, breast cancer is the most common and the second leading cause of death in women aged 35-55 years. Patients' knowledge has a critical role in cancer management and control of treatment-related adverse events. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the knowledge, awareness, and information sources of patients with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

This survey study was performed in 2019. The study population consisted of 190 women with breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy referred to two specialized cancer centers in Mashhad, Iran, within two months. The research tool was a valid and </em>reliable questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics.

Approximately half of the patients in the study (54.2%) considered the goal of chemotherapy to be the cure for the disease, which was used as adjunctive therapy after other treatments. Most patients knew about the cause of the blood test before chemotherapy. Most of them could meet their information needs through the information brochure. The most important source of information for patients to meet their information needs were physicians and nurses, respectively. Observance of public health (82.1%) and avoidance of sick people and crowded places (62.1%) were the most and least prevalent action done by patients during the treatment, respectively. Among the side effects of treatment, patients had the most attitudes about hair loss (91.6%) and fatigue (82.1%), and the least attitudes about the effect on fertility (9.5%) and reduced kidney function (8.4%).

Even though in many cases the knowledge of patients is at a good level, but in some cases, some training and empowerment of patients is required. Performing these interventions can improve the quality of life of this group of patients.

Today, chronic venous diseases are common health problems that can cause death worldwide. The existence of a minimum dataset can be a valuable and standard tool for collecting and registering the data of these patients in the chronic venous disease registry. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a minimal data set for chronic venous disease registry.

This applied and descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in two stages in 2018-19. In the first step, information relevant to the data elements was extracted from Google's search engine and PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar databases based on literature review without time constraints. In the second stage, a Delphi questionnaire was developed using the information obtained from the first stage and given to 15 vascular surgery specialists. During the two Delphi stages, the minimum data set for chronic venous disease registry was determined. Data analysis in both stages was conducted using descriptive statistics in the SPSS v.16 software.

In chronic venous disease, a total of 349 items were collected for the categorization of demographic information, communication, baseline information, and clinical categories. After the first Delphi phase, of the 336 gradable items, 215 gained the required score and 57 were deleted. Eventually, 63 items with a median of 3 and 3.5 based on the suggested items (13 items) were entered the Delphi. A total of 76 items entered the second phase, of which 28 items were selected eventually. Finally, 243 items in 16 subsets were determined as the minimum data set for chronic venous disease.

Today, given the growing trend of chronic venous disease, the existence of a minimum data set can play an important role in improving the quality of care, reducing costs, and evaluating treatments. Moreover, it can be considered as a standard for data collection and registration in the registry.

Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) is used for storing, retrieving and displaying medical images and transmitting electronic reports. One of the important factors in accepting this system is users. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the users' views on the benefits of using picture archiving and communication system (PACS) in hospitals affiliated with Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016. The population of study was 88 users of the picture archiving and communication system in five educational hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by content analysis and its reliability was tested by test-retest method. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics in the SPSS v.16 software.

The results of this study showed that in relation to organizational performance improvement indices, 46 users (60.6%, very high and high) stated that with the entry of the picture archiving and communication system, hospital costs would be reduced. About the indices of entering the picture archiving and communication system in the radiology department, 49 participants (64.5%, very high and high) of people stated that with the help of this system, the feasibility of teleradiology is provided.

The results of this study showed that the most important advantages of using the PACS were cost reduction, feasibility of tele radiology, and improvement of quality and efficiency in health care from views of users. Providing the necessary infrastructure for successful implementation of this technology is recommended.

Patient portals play an important role in the health care management, especially in chronic diseases, such as diabetes. The aim of this study is to examine the perspectives of diabetic patients on the use of health portals. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2017. The statistical population included 145 diabetic patients referring to a diabetes center in Mashhad for a four-month period. The data collection instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics in the SPSS v.16 software. In this study, the majority of participants were female (50.3%). The mean age of the participants was 40 years. The results showed that 70.3% of the patients agreed with the role of health portals in facilitating the communication between physician and patient. Moreover, 67.6% of patients agreed with the usefulness of the diabetes portal and 64.1% of them agreed with its appropriateness as a substitute for the patient interaction with the health care provider. In the present study, the most important expectations of diabetic patients of the health portal included prescription rewrite by the physician without the presence of the patient, assessment of the laboratory tests results and patient self-assessment of the health status. Patient involvement in the health care will have a significant impact on the improved quality of the care, and health portals can play a crucial role in this regard. Furthermore, if patients are expected to participate in their treatment process, more information about their attitudes, needs, experiences, and awareness of the health portals is needed.

Anxiety is one of the most common problems of patients prior to the surgery. Although the surgical techniques are quite advanced, most patients still experience anxiety before the surgery. This study investigated the relationship between neurosurgery patients’ awareness of surgery procedures and complications on preoperative stress level in teaching hospitals, affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
This descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2014. The study population consisted of all patients with relative consciousness that had been waiting for neurosurgery. Based on previous studies, 10% of patients (104 cases) who were candidates for neurosurgery were selected in the first eight months of 2014. The data collection tool for assessing patients’ awareness of surgery procedures and complications was created by researchers and the anxiety of surgery patients was measured using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the SPSS statistical software.
The results showed that 3.8% of patients had very little or no anxiety, 34.6% mild anxiety, 43.3% moderate anxiety, and 18.3% severe anxiety. The patients’ anxiety mean was 14.05 ± 19.16. Patients’ familiarity with complications was moderate. People who were hospitalized previously, were less anxious in comparison to others (P=0.027).
According to the present findings, people who were familiar with the hospital environment felt less anxious providing the appropriate information. The anxiety levels of patients who are candidates for neurosurgery may be reduced by responding to their information needs. It was found that anxiety levels could also be reduced by familiarizing the patients with the conditions and environment of the operating room. Attention to the needs of these patients should be continuously evaluated and monitored.

Medical records should be documented according to the patients’ health care to act as a lifetime documents. These documents should meet the primary and legal requirements related to patients’ care. The aim of this research is Quantitative evaluation of inpatients’ medical records in training and Social Security hospitals in Mashhad. This research is a descriptive-cross sectional survey. 550 of medical records were selected from each hospital with regard to the number of total medical records per year. After confirming the validity and reliability of the checklist، data gathering was performed and analyzed with SPSS statistical software. Findings of the present study showed that the admission and discharge summary forms were not existed in one of the selected medical records (%0. 01). The most deficiency was related to the vital signs form (%34. 5). The most common deficiency among clinical data elements of admission and discharge summery forms was related to the discharge program (%89. 9) in addition to the results of lab tests and radiographies (%88. 9). In most cases، there was a significant difference between the completeness of data elements of medical records in training hospitals and social security hospitals. Results of the present study showed that the documentation process of medical records is performed incomplete by care providers which lead to data loosing. Therefore، providing enough educations about complete and correct documentation of medical records for care providers is advisable. In addition، it is preferable that quantitative review of medical records be performed by staffs of the medical record departments immediately after the care/event، which is called the concurrent review.

The information gathered in hospitals for clinical services is very much and the management of this dispersed information is very complicated and necessary for medical centers. Considering the computer capabilities, clinical information systems are very useful and efficient in achieving the management goals in medical centers. This study was conducted for evaluating different applications of clinical information systems and staff awareness of Medical Records Department. This study was conducted in two-steps: In the first step, the available resources during 1999-2009 were studied. In the second step, awareness of clinical information systems among Medical Record Department's staff of Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals has been evaluated. The validity of the questions raised in questionnaire was confirmed by the expert panel and its reliability was determined to be 80% by test-retest coefficient. The collected data was analyzed by Excel2007 software. The clinical information system consists of different parts and a variety of applications including: clinical documentation, making decision, management of medicine, radiology, laboratory etc. There are barriers such as financial, behavioral and technical issues to employ these systems. The results obtained from the second part showed that the average of staff’s awareness of clinical information systems was 49 percent. Considering the numerous benefits of clinical information systems, using it for supplying information on clinical centers is an inevitable necessity. Selecting a proper system, training users, and paying attention to the factors affecting their implementation in hospitals play a key role in effective and widespread use of clinical information systems

In health care, emphasis on basic human rights is especially important. Patient’s privacy protection becomes important when the human is exposed to shortcomings of social and health systems. This study was performed to compare the patient’s rights in developed countries and suggest a proper model for Iran. This research was a comparative and descriptive case study. Research population included the USA (New York, Florida, Missouri, Minnesota and Texas), England, Canada and Iran. Data collected by internet and e-mail based on a library search method. Furthermore, in Iran, we used a questionnaire that its validity and reliability were tested. Finally, the suggested model of patient's rights for Iran was tested by some specialist in this field with Delphi method. Findings of research showed that patients’ rights of accessibility to treatment and health care, privacy, consent for treatment and protection (the right of claim) were included in “patient’s rights” of all studied countries, except Iran. The right of confidentiality is considered in all studied countries. The rights of having translator and pain relief just were seen in some states of the USA. Considering that patient rights have many shortcomings in Iran, generally, main reviews in this field should be performed according to comparative surveys. So, accordingly the appropriate model for developing “Patient’s bill of rights” in Iran was proposed.

Hospital information system (HIS), not only increases hospital the performances but also enable health care providers in better decision-making. The aim of this research was defining the role of HIS in hospital performance. This study was an applied research done by analytic method. The processes of admission's duration, patient's billing, fee for service process, ordering and result management, mean of patient's length of stay and average cost of five diseases were reviewed and compared in HIS with manual system. Research tools were check lists used for data gathering which validity and reliability of them were assured. The research population includes hospitals which implemented HIS in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. In total diseases, the mean of patient's length of stay reduced (23%), the cost mean of diseases increased (34%). In ordering and result management tests 28% time saving was reached. The mean time of patient's admission process and generally, the mean time in patients billing process reduced (12% and 80%, respectively). In fee for service process 87% of time was saved. The findings of this study showed that the mean of processes which affect on patient length of stay decreased and lead to performance promotion in hospital.

Hospital information system (HIS), not only increases hospital the performances but also enable health care providers in better decision-making. The aim of this research was defining the role of HIS in hospital performance. This study was an applied research done by analytic method. The processes of admission's duration, patient's billing, fee for service process, ordering and result management, mean of patient's length of stay and average cost of five diseases were reviewed and compared in HIS with manual system. Research tools were check lists used for data gathering which validity and reliability of them were assured. The research population includes hospitals which implemented HIS in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. In total diseases, the mean of patient's length of stay reduced (23%), the cost mean of diseases increased (34%). In ordering and result management tests 28% time saving was reached. The mean time of patient's admission process and generally, the mean time in patients billing process reduced (12% and 80%, respectively). In fee for service process 87% of time was saved. The findings of this study showed that the mean of processes which affect on patient length of stay decreased and lead to performance promotion in hospital.

Users of Hospital Information System know its problems better than others. Studying their views are very important and can be especially effective in the development of the information system. The aim of this study was to investigate the user's views towards the quality of Hospital Information System in the training hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. The current study was an applied research which was conducted with descriptive cross-sectional method. A four-section questionnaire was designed for data collection consisting of: characteristics of quality information, reasons of low quality of information, accessibility of information and decision support. Validity and reliability were tested and SPSS was used for data analysis. The findings indicated that 62.8% of users explained that one of reasons of low quality information was a problem related to obtaining information. About 47.7% of users were unsatisfied with hospital information system ability for decision making support. In general 53.2% of users were slightly satisfied with the overall quality information of the system. According to the findings of this study there are some problems concerning information quality of Hospital Information System in Mashhad trainig hospitals. These problems include of inappropriate information quality of the system and incompatibility