آمنه حاجی کرم

Today internet addiction is considered as a kind of psychological disorder which can cause serious problem for students as a high-risk group.

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between social skills and emotional intelligence with internet addiction of students at Piame-Noor University of Alborz Province (Iran).

The method was descriptive-correlational. The population of this study included all students of Piame-Noor University of Alborz in 2019 and based on this, 350 students were selected by random cluster sampling. Participants completed Young Internet Addiction Questionnaire (1996), Rigo and Canary Social Skills Questionnaire (2003), and Gelman Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (2001). Descriptive statistics and multivariate regression analysis were used using SPSS-22 software.

The Findings displayed that there was a significant negative relationship between internet addiction and social skills and emotional intelligence (P<0.05). It means that, as studentschr('39') social skills and emotional intelligence increased, their internet addiction decreased, and it can be true in the opposite way. Moreover, the results of regression analysis indicated that social skills and emotional intelligence were able to significantly predict internet addiction and, 9.3% of the variance in internet addiction was explained by social skills & 4.2% of the variance in internet addiction was explained by emotional intelligence.

It can be concluded that as the level of social skills and emotional intelligence in university students increases, the possibility of internet addiction decreases.

Internet addiction among university students is affected by various psychological factors that include social skills and mental security.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between students' social skills and psychological security with internet addiction and also to predict internet addiction based on social skills and psychological security of Payam-Noor University students.

The method of this study was descriptive- correlational. The population was all Payam-Noor university students in Tehran who were students in 2019. The sample of this study included 250 university students who were selected through random cluster sampling. In addition to demographic questionnaire, Young internet addiction questionnaire (1996), Matson social skills questionnaire (1983) & Maslow mental security (2004) were used. Descriptive statistics indices (mean and standard deviation) and multivariate regression analysis were used for data analysis by SPSS-22 software.

The results indicated that there was a significant relationship between internet addiction with social skills & mental security among university students (P<0.05). Moreover, 8.7% of the variance in internet addiction was explained by social skills & 2.3% of the variance in internet addiction was explained by mental security.

To conclude, it seems that the level of social skills and high psychological security has a positive and significant relationship with the reduction of internet addiction and it can predict reduction of internet addiction.

Metaphor is a systematic relationship between two conceptual domains. In metaphor; an experimental or sensual domain called source domain, is related to another domain as target domain. The purpose of this study was to review understanding of metaphorical time pattern in the medical and paramedical students based on gender, age and academic status.

This descriptive study included 120 medical and paramedical students of Tehran medical university with minimum undergraduate university degree. Time metaphorical pattern questionnaire which had been designed by Raiisi (2019) on the basis of time metaphor corpus analysis included 3 subscales of object, place and matter. Pearson correlation test, T test, analysis of one-way variance and post hoc test (least significant difference) were used for data analysis.

The results showed that there was no difference between gender and understanding of metaphorical time pattern. Higher educational levels (from undergraduate to postgraduate and specialty courses) led to better understanding of metaphorical time pattern in Persian speaker students. Students of higher age showed improved understanding of metaphorical time pattern in relation to the object subclass.

Perception of the time is not dependent on gender but can be improved with increasing age and higher academic levels.

Work-family conflict is a friction of roles in which the pressures from the field of work as well as family are in some ways incompatible which negatively affects the well-being of employed women. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of reality group therapy on work-family conflict and psychological well-being of married women working in Telecommunication Company. The present study was had a quasi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study included all married female workers of Tehran Telecommunication Company in 2017, from whom 60 were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control. The intervention was conducted for the experimental group. Data were collected by Scale of Psychological Well-being and Work-Family Conflict Questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using single-variable covariance analysis by SPSS-22 software. The mean (SD) age of participants in the experimental group was 38.7 (4.4) and the control group 37.2 (4.6). The mean (SD) work-family conflict score in the experimental group was 17.1 (1.9) in pre-test, which was reduced to 14.9 (2.3) in post-test (P<0.01); however, the mean (SD) score of the control group was 16.5 (1.6) in the pre-test and varied to 16.1 (1.4) in the post-test, which was not statistically significant. The mean (SD) psychological well-being score of the experimental group was 41.6 (7.7) in pre-test, which increased to 47.4 (7.9) in post-test (P<0.001); however, the mean (SD) score in the control group was 41.5 (4) in the pretest and 42.8 (3.9) in post-test, which was not statistically significant. The study showed that reality group therapy led to a reduction of work-family conflict and an increase in the psychological well-being of married women working in the Telecommunication Company.

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between family–work conflict with mental health and marital conflicts of working women in Tehran.
For this purpose a descriptive research methods of correlation type was selected. 135 married women working in the telecommunications staff in Tehran were selected by random cluster sampling method Meier Work-Family Conflict and Health Questionnaire, GHQ-28 scores and MCQ Sanaei marital conflict and draft questionnaire completed.
Findings: Results showed that relationship and difference between family- work conflicts with mental health is negative and significant (p0/05). In order to increase of staff`s mental health and decrease of marital conflicts, organizations should decrease conflicts between work and life environment of staff and must decrease stressors of work environment.