احمد وفایی بصیر

Myth is a kind of story that the ancient people once considered to be true, but today, the emphasis is on its narrative aspect. In the story of The Temptation of Saint Anthony, Gustave Flaubert has made effective use of the myths of ancient Iran, and has shown his interest in the theme of encountering of man and the devil. In the poem of Serivili's House, Nima Yooshij has also made mythopoeia. In this poem, based on his past culture, he has dealt with the encountering of man and the devil and has intervened in it. The devil has a mythological role in both works and plays a social function. The present research, by using analytical-comparative method, examines the common themes of the myths in The Temptation of Saint Anthony and Serivili's House based on the story of the creation of the devil. The findings show that Nima Yooshij is completely influenced by Flaubert's The Temptation of Saint Anthony in composing Serivili's House.

Mani is among the philosophers and mystic scholars who had left the most profound effects on the theoretical grounds of Gnosticism which flourished in Iran after them. His beliefs about the divine or ancient human being, his fight against Iblis, his belief in the two bases of being (Spentä Mainyu and Angra Mainyu in the Zoroastrian religion or Ahmad and Iblis as meant by Halaj, Ahmad Ghazali, and Ayn al-Quzat), separating the soul from the body, mystical manifestation and exemplification were transformed exactly or with slight differences to the realms of ancient Iranian Sufism of which Ayn al-Quzat is a notable inheritor. The basic goal of the present study is to determine, explain, and analyze the degree to which Gnostic thoughts of Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani and Mani agree in the mentioned fields. The research hypothesis comprises the tracing of the mediated influence of Mani on Ayn al-Quzat Hamadani in the field of the two bases and also the unmediated effects of Mani on him in the field of mystical manifestation, exemplification, and the separation of the spirit from the body. This influence has been to such an extent that it can be said that Ayn al-Quzat’s Gnosticism is affected by Mani’s Gnosticism in the three different areas. The results of the study are as follows: Mani and Ayn al-Quzat both agree that every creature in the universe has exemplified alternative in the heavenly world (the Malakot), while Ayn al-Quzat believes that each action that human beings do has a good or bad exemplified reflection in the Malakot. In this research project, a descriptive-analytical method is applied to the common grounds in the mystical thoughts of Mani and Ayn al-Quzat.

Zoroaster and Eynolghozat Hamadani both are of great mystics and thinkers of Iran who have had impressive and considerable effect on Intellectual, philosophical and mystical aspects after their ages.
However because of time recency from Zoroaster, Eynolghozat Hamadani affected from some of his Mystical thoughts, which amongst them are topics like Sepante Minoo and Angere Minoo That are the manifestation of beauty and splendor of mystic school of Eynolghozat; pure wisdom of Zoroaster which is also beyond desired wisdom of Eynolghozat; the theory of Ahasn System; Human –centered; being quintessential of goodness and badness among human being; Amshaspandan equals means of god’s grace. The present study explains common points in Zoroaster and Eynolghozat thoughts.

This article with the title “originality of poems and quatrains alleged to Abusaied Abolkheyr” is described, criticized and studied researchers’ opinions about poems and quatrains of Abusaied Abolkheyr. At first, the author has brought Mohammad Monavar reasons in rejecting Abusaieds poem-saying, by Dr. Shafiei Kadkanis descriptions and then he has brought Saeid Nafisis reasons about Abusaeid s composing poem, after that he has mentioned criticisms of Dr.Shafiei Kadkani about Saeid Nafisi s reasons that theses criticism are generally correct but there are some exceptions too. In continue, the author has mentioned his reason about Abusaeid s poem –saying. This article in some cases put two texts in contrast ( i.e. two books : Asrarotohid and Biography of Abusaeid by Aburooj, and whole of old manuscripts of the book: Mersadolebad, which affirmed composing of one another quatrain from Abusaeid except the quatrain that Mohammad Ebn Monavar has mentioned in Asrarotohid. The Method of this research is descriptive – libertarian; and the author is confirmed the bases of his reasoning referencing to the creditable resourcse.

Discourse or discourse analysis which is sometimes called Elm-Ol-Nas, is a Modern linguistic expression which has entered into the literature domain quickly and has applied extensively. Without any doubt, discourse is the output of transaction and communication between speakers and hearers in social and cultural texture and results from the relations of the individuals with each other in human society. Ebn Arabi and Moulavi are the wonders of mankind race whose opinions and mystical thoughts are like glittering sun shining in the sky of human education for ever. Certainly, these two great poets met each other and thought highly of one another. In the present article, some common mystical thoughts of them such as unity of existence, perfect man, Adam the father of mankind, permanent archetype, nonexistence and accident, manifestation and devil were mentioned. It is certain that till now in this field there hasn’t been any comprehensive and broad research. This article is a little attempt to show the influence these two great poets has had on each other.

The present article deals with Ein-ol-ghozat’s borrowings from Ahmad Ghazali concerning the expansion and utterance of meaning, the mysteries and truths of love as well as the commonalities of these scholars regarding love. First, the authors have referred to their commonalities in the theme (Love) and its manners in Tamhidat and Savaneh-al- oshagh - totally about love- quoted the effect of Ahmad Ghazali’s mystic thoughts on Ein-ol-ghozat that have been crystallized in Tamhidat. Then we have referred to Ein-ol-ghozat’s type of borrowing from Ghazali that include shared works, meaning, and concepts. Needless to say, mystic thoughts of Halaj have been conveyed to Ahmad Ghazali and from him to Ein-ol-ghozat Hamedani. The three people have always been the advocators of the realm of Iranian Islamic Gnosticism.