اسرین شافعی

Mental workload is one of the affecting factors in efficiency and performance of therapist in the workplace. Neuro feedback is a new modality for improvement of healthy person's daily activity and its quality. The aim of this study is evaluation of neurofeedback effects on mental work load in occupational therapists.
This study has experimental design with pre-post test, experimental- fake group and was performed on 22 occupational therapists. Subjects were divided into two real neuro feedback and mock neuro feedback (placebo) groups. Both groups were treated with neuro feedback for 12 sessions. NASA (task load index) was used to assess both groups before and after the treatment. Effect size and improvement percentage were used to analyze the collected data.
The results of the improvement percentage showed that mental need and hopelessness subscales in real neuro feedback have more than 15% difference in comparison with mock neuro feedback that indicate clinical significant. Effect size in the real neuro feedback on mental need subscale was great and in time need and hopelessness subscales were average. Effect size in mock neuro feedback on total subscales was low.
The effectiveness of real neuro feedback was not due to the changes in the placebo. It can be as a complementary decreasing in the mental work load.

Musculoskeletal disorders are among the top 10 injuries accounting for absence from work. The Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E) is one of the many tools used to examine these disorders. The present study was conducted to translate and localize the NMQ-E and to evaluate the face validity and test-retest reliability of its Persian version. The present non-empirical methodological study used the International Quality Of Life Assessment (IQOLA) approach to translate the NMQ-E into Persian. The face validity of the Persian version was examined in a sample of 15 patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and its absolute and relative test-retest reliability were examined in a sample of 48 patients using the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The Kappa coefficient was also used to measure the inter-rater agreement for nominal variables. The translation and localization of the NMQ-E was deemed easy and acceptable. All the items of the questionnaire had an acceptable face validity. The Intra-class Correlation Coefficient and the Standard Error of Measurement of the Persian version of the NMQ-E were deemed acceptable (SEM=0.56-1.76 and ICC>0.7) and the Kappa coefficient was calculated as 0.78-1.00. The Persian version of the Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire showed an acceptable validity and test-retest reliability for assessing musculoskeletal disorders in Iranian patients.

Subject: Questionnaires are one of the most important instruments for screening the people with disability. خoccupational low back pain is one of the causes of disability. Initially, questionnaires should be created and adapted with the cultural conditions of the target group in order to generalize the results and to compare with other countries. The aim of the current study was translation, cross cultural adaptation and face validity evaluation of the Persian version of Orebro Musculoskeletal Pain Screening Questionnaire. This study was performed according to standard protocols of IQOLA that included following steps: translating the questionnaire, evaluation of the quality of translation, back translation and comparison of the English version with the Persian version by the developer of the questionnaire. Questionnaire was evaluated in basis of quality of translation and face validity that was conducted in 15 low back pain subjects. results showed that the sentences and items translation was easy. Quality of translation (includes clarity of translation, common language use, conceptual equivalence and overall quality of translation) of the items were good. Face validity was evaluated and resulted in changing in the 3 items of questionnaire. in this stage the Persian version of the questionnaire has appropriate cultural adaptation and face Validity. More studies are needed to evaluate it's construct validity and reliability.