فهرست مطالب اسماعیل پناهی کوخدان

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is an immunosuppressive medication which is primarily used to manage and treatt of neoplasms, including breast cancer, lymphoma and Leukemia. CP as well possesses many side effects, including hepatotoxicity which leads to mitochondrial oxidative stress, cell death and hepatic necrosis. Empagliflozin (EMPA) is a Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor used to treat diabetes and has antioxidant activity. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of Empagliflozin on hepatotoxicity induced by cyclophosphamide in male rats.

The present experimental study was conducted at the School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2023. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control group, CP group, EMPA+CP group and CP+EMPA group. All groups were treated for 11 days. Moreover, blood samples were obtained and the liver was removed. Plasma levels of ALT, AST and ALP were measured. Homogenized liver tissue was used to measure malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO). Liver histology was also performed. The results were analyzed by one- way ANOVA and Tukey's Post Hoc test.

The results indicated that cyclophosphamide triggered a significant increase in the plasma level of AST, ALT enzymes and the level of NO and MDA metabolites in the liver tissue (p<0.001) and increased inflammation, edema, congestion and tissue necrosis compared to the control group. The administration of Empagliflozin led to a decrease in plasma levels of AST and ALT enzymes and tissue levels of NO and MDA and decreased tissue changes compared to the cyclophosphamide group. Furthermore, Empagliflozin reduced histological changes both as prevention and as treatment.

According to the results of the present study, Empagliflozin can reduce the hepatotoxicity of cyclophosphamide probably with reduction of oxidative stress.

Regarding to the important role of Staphylococcus aureus in burn wound infection, the aim of the present study were to investigation of the effect of Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold with Myrtus communis extract on the healing of burn wound infections induced by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in rats.

In this experimental study, 42 male Wistar rats were divided into 7 equal groups. Second-degree burns developed on the backs of all animals after anesthesia by injection of a mixture of ketamine and xylazine, and then MRSA was inoculated uniformly on the wounds of all mice. Burn wounds were treated daily with Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold, PCL- myrtus 1%, PCL- myrtus 0.5%, PCL-silver sulfadiazine and PCL-Myrtus-silver sulfadiazine ointments. We investigated the antimicrobial properties, wound healing percentage, wound area, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations of rats. Data analysis was performed using GRAPH PAD software and One-way Anova and Tukey tests

Histopathological observations showed that PCL- myrtus group had wound healing properties in comparison with control group (p<0.05). PCL- myrtus group had reduced bacterial growth compared to PCL group and positive control group. Also biochemical tests showed a decrease in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide in rats treated with the PCL-Myrtus ointment compared to the other groups.

According to the results PCL containing myrtus ointment have an important role on accelerate the healing process, reducing time for wound healing and prevention of infection caused by MRSA.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Given that plant compounds have been used to treat cancer for centuries. Despite some reports of antitumor effects on some species of this genus, the anticancer activity of Stachys setifera has not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Stachys setifera on MCF-7 cancer cell line.

In this experimental study, MCF-7 cancer cells were cultured and then the cells were incubated with different concentrations of barbed spike hydralcholic extract and cisplatin for 24 hours. Cancer cell survival was measured using MTT assay. The effects of the extract and the tests performed on the mechanisms of cell death were stopped by flow cytometry. Cisplatin was used as a positive control in this study. The collected data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance andTukeychrs post hoc test (p <0.05).

The IC50 results of hydroalcoholic extract Stachys setifera and cisplatin on MCF-7 cells after 24 hours were 827.52 and 4.34 μg / ml, respectively. The results showed that the inhibition of cell proliferation was dose-dependent. Hydroalcoholic extract Stachys setifera and cisplatin stops the growth of MCF-7 cells in the G0 / G1 phase. The percentage of cells in the extract control cells and cisplatin (42.94, 50.68 and 59.11).

Stachys setifera extract inhibits the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and possibly enters the cells into the apoptotic phase. Therefore, the plant can be a good candidate to prevent the spread of breast cancer