اعظم آهنگر سله بنی

The effects of entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial behavior traditional and virtual of students of Faculty of Entrepreneurships
Unemployment is one of the most critical issues in Iran which is affected other side of social dimension. Providing necessity skills is one of the solutions to cope with. Today, evidence suggests that education plays an important role in entrepreneurship intention. However, despite the importance of this issue, several studies have been conducted in these areas, but in the Faculty of Entrepreneurship, which is responsible for training specialists in entrepreneurship, has not been done. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the entrepreneurial education on entrepreneurial behavior of traditional and distance students of Faculty of Entrepreneurship. The population of the study was postgraduate students of Faculty of Entrepreneurship: 245 (traditional student) and 900 )virtual student (. according to Krijercy and Morgan table, 239 of whom were selected through sample random method. A questionnaire was used for data collection and SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis using the structural equation (SEM) model. The results showed that there were significant differences between attitude, perceived behavior control, Intention, and behavior of virtual and present student. The result showed entrepreneurial attitude of virtual student was stronger than traditional student. In addition to, the entrepreneurial behavior of virtual student was stronger than traditional student. About the other factors, there were differences between virtual and traditional student.

Today, evidence suggests that gender plays an important role in entrepreneurship. However, despite the importance of this issue, several studies have been conducted in this areas, but in the Faculty of Entrepreneurship, which is responsible for training specialists in entrepreneurship, has not been done. Therefore, the main objective of this paper was to investigate the effect of gender differences in entrepreneurial intentions of students of Faculty of Entrepreneurship. The population of the study was postgraduate students of Faculty of Entrepreneurship, according to Krijercy and Morgan table, 239 of whom were selected through random sampling. A questionnaire was used for data collection and SPSS statistical software was used for data analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences between men and women in attitude and subjective norms. In addition, the result showed perceived control behavior and entrepreneurial behavior in working women were more than non-working women. As for the men, there were not significant differences in attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control behavior, and entrepreneurial behavior.

Women’s fears in public accompany special consequences, which can be classified form personal habits to social and restrictive behaviors. Although, there is no congruence between the women’s fears and the objective status, which opposes them, the relationship between these two factors is still under question. The consequences of fear are serious and restrictive for women. The objective of the present study was evaluating the women’s experience and their strategies in facing fear and phobia. The present study was a qualitative research the data of which were obtained using 46 semi-structured interviews. The women’s fear can be classified into three categories, including case fears, fear of sexual harassment and fear of males’ ruling. The women’s strategies in facing fear can be classified into innovative – active behavior or passive- reactive behavior. For every one of these fears, women use unique strategies. In innovative – active behavior, women try to manage their fears and face the fears logically, in so doing they make use of all their resources. In passive behavior, women make use of strategies like silence, surrender, seclusion, prudence and change in personal habits. Since the participants were selected non-randomly, the results of this study are not generalizable at all.

The study of victim known as victimology has not been attended in traditional criminology which focuses on crime and criminals. But now, there is an interest in theories which have been advanced to explain victimization. While it is the main concern of criminology to ask about the reason behind of offending, victimology asks why some people become the suitable target for criminal activities. The main aim of this study is to find the concept of victimization through the view of women as well as finding a theory to explain the victimization. This research is inspired by grounded theory and tries to understand victimization based on narratives of women. To achieve the objective of research, semi-structured interviews conducted with 46 women in Tehran. However, the results of this study do not generalize in any way because of the small sample size. The result of research shows that concept of victimization includes a range of emotions. In definition of women on victimization three main concepts including “lack of resources and authority”, “vulnerability” and “deprivation of life” have been emerged.
Women explain their victimization by referring to concepts like male domination, deficiency of different structures and gender inequality.