اعظم حاجی آقاجانی

Blockchain, as a secure and transparent technology, has gained significant importance in the supply chain industry in recent years. With increasing production and customer demand, creating a sustainable supply chain system using blockchain is of great importance. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the success factors for implementing blockchain in sustainable supply chain in the packaging industry in Khuzestan.

In this study, the opinions of 10 experts in the packaging industry in Khuzestan who were aware of the research issues were used to perform the necessary validity for the research variables and also the best-worst method was used. In addition, in the model presentation section and in relation to exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, 201 personnel from Khuzestan packaging industry (Ahvaz carton) answered the questions by simple random sampling method.

Among the main criteria, the "internal organizational performance" criterion with a weight of 0.456 was placed in the first priority. Furthermore, the results of the final prioritization showed that cost reduction was in the first priority, financial issues were in the second priority, and quick identification of products was in the third priority among the sub-criteria set.

In this research, the successful factors for implementing blockchain in sustainable supply chain were identified and prioritized. Considering the importance of blockchain in sustainable supply chain industry, identifying and prioritizing success factors can help companies and business owners in targeting and strategizing for blockchain implementation.

Financial assets are rapidly responding to global crises. While the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered a sharp rise in uncertainty, the shock to the oil market and the stock market is unprecedented. Economic activities have been severely curtailed due to the fact that many countries have adopted strict quarantine policies since the covid-19 epidemic. The Covid-19 pandemic has led to a sharp rise in uncertainty, with unprecedented shocks to the oil and stock markets. As the COVID-19 pandemic is ongoing, usual social activities and economic trade activities are still restricted, which influences normal economic development. The consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on the world economy have been forecasted to be much worse than the 2008/2009 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) resulting in a crisis like no other no previous infectious disease outbreak (including the Spanish Flu) has ever affected the stock market as forcefully as the COVID-19 pandemic. With nearly 3 billion people staying at home to prevent spread, the global oil demand dropped significantly. Furthermore, the large-scale outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the world led to the collapse of the global stock market. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has been raging worldwide, and has had a traumatic impact on the global economy, trade, and other aspects. To minimize the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy, economists began to analyze their relationship. However, as stock markets are the global economy’s driving force, economists are focusing on research linking the stock markets and the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, it is important to research the effect of the pandemic on the oil and gold  price and then stock markets in order to restore normal economic operations as soon as possible and reduce the economic losses incurred by the pandemic. Therefore, considering the importance of the issue, the purpose of this study is to investigate the role of world oil prices, world gold prices, exchange rates on the stock market.

In this research, to study the subject, we use  monthly data of opec oil price, world gold price,  and exchange rate by using the central bank of Iran. OPEC, investing.com  and worldmeter.com data for selected set of opec member countries in the period 2017: 01 to 2022: 08 and also panel data model and generalized method of movement (GMM) have been used. This method is a powerful estimator that, unlike the maximum likelihood method, does not require accurate information on the distribution of error terms and also, this method, which is used in dynamic aggregate data, is based on the assumption that equation error terms are uncorrelated with a set of instrumental variables. we using Im, Pesaran and Shin (IPS) (2003) test examing variables stationary then by pedroni (2004) examine panel cointegration test.

The results of this study show the negative influence of the stock market of selected countries on the epidemic of the Covid-19 virus. In other words, with the spread of the Covid-19 virus, the stock market of the studied countries has been negatively affected. The variables of oil price and exchange rate did not have a significant effect on the stock market index during the studied period. Finally the relationship between gold price and stock market in selected countries is positive. the direct relationship between the gold price  and the stock market indicates that Following the corona virus epidemic in the world and its persistence and uncertainty about the economic activities in the world, gold was considered as a suitable asset for buying and investing and its price increased. As a result, many investors turned to this asset and its excitement is also affecting the stock market, and the stock index of the stock market increased.

Most of the world's financial markets are affected by the coronavirus epidemic. Uncertainty resulting from the situation has led to changes in gold and oil prices and the stock markets of countries have also been affected. the result indicate that the global Covid-19 crisis has led to a decline in the stock market in selected opec member countries, this result is confirmed by the evidence of the last two years in financial markets around the world. there is still much room for investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the oil and stock markets. For example, by using high-frequency data, we could study the empirical results by using the GARCH models.

Qur'an is a book full of light and guidance, and its reading and presence in life is necessary because this book cultivates moral virtues in the individual dimension and in the social dimension by reforming social vices and prohibitions to reform society. If the Qur'an way of life is institutionalized in society, then society will become a utopia. The issue of lifestyle has long been the focus of attention. The Qur'anic lifestyle, in fact, introduces the way of life to human beings; there are countless verses indicating this. This article intends to evaluate the principles and characteristics of the Qur'anic lifestyle with a library method and a descriptive-analytical approach and relying on the verses of the Holy Quran. According to the results of the research, it can be said that the Qur'anic lifestyle means the life derived from the Qur'anic teachings that lead society to the Qur'anic life and is rooted in divine values. In the Qur'anic view, man is a creature with a divine mission and responsibility to rebuild and develop the earth in order to achieve a worthy and necessary perfection and a serious duty of the divine caliphate.

The economic growth model can examine the direct and indirect effects of human capital on economic growth. One of the indirect factors is environmental pollution. But in the meantime, one should not overlook the limitations of the advocates of this theory, such as the Impact of Human Capital Utilization on reducing environmental pollution, in order to achieve goals and policies similar to those of developed economies. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of human capital on Kuznets’ emphasized relationship, the threshold relation of environmental pollution and economic growth.

Therefore, using the data from 14 countries in the MENA area for the period 2000 - 2016, the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) or dynamic data panel method was used to test the hypothesis.

The relationship between environmental pollution (CO2 emissions) and economic growth is nonlinear and the Kuznets curve hypothesis in the selected research sample confirms the existence of an inverse U-shaped relationship between economic growth and pollution emissions. Higher the human capital with the current level of greenhouse gas emissions, lead to the higher economic growth in selected countries.

Increased growth due to the accumulation of human capital can play a moderating role on the negative relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth of the selected research set. With the increase of human capital at any level of environmental pollution, the threshold point of the negative relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth is delayed. In other words, as knowledge-based and human capital-based development increases the negative relationship between environmental pollution and economic growth is moderated.