فهرست مطالب الناز حیدری

Given the global energy crisis, architects need to focus one of the most practical energy management solutions in buildings, the issue of using passive design strategies.  By using indigenous passive cooling methods and updating them, strategies optimizing the cooling energy consumption in contemporary buildings can be achieved.  The main purpose of this study was to find and prioritize inactive solutions by adding shading volumes in building form to increase the shading of the building form in the hot and humid climate of Bushehr, which can reduce the energy consumption of coolers while maintaining thermal comfort. The research method of this study was a combination of field surveys to collect data on selected buildings and the cluster method to classify the data. Then, with the help of Design Builder software, the annual energy consumption of buildings was studied.  In the present study, the building was first studied in terms of form, shape, geometry and feature details and the optimal form for each model was extracted. By integrating and combining the selected optimal models, the buildings were re-examined and the amount of energy consumption reduction was analyzed. The shading selection strategies were such that by combining the appropriate form and shading elements, the energy consumption of the first building was reduced by 25% and the second building by 16%, reducing the annual initial energy consumption.

The current study aimed to investigate stdents-teachers’ inclination towards teaching profession in Farhangian University of Kurdistan Province from 2015 to 2018. In this descriptive study, a total of 258 student-teachers (133 males and 125 females) from among 928 student-teachers were selected using stratified sampling method. The data were collected by using a researcher-made questionnaire in a five-point Likert type scale. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by employing contact validity index and expert views. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using the Cronbach’s Alph method (α= 0.99). The findings revealed that the interest of both male and female student-teachers was significantly higher than the hypotitical mean among the four cohorts. The mean scores of student-teachers interest in teaching profession before entering university for both groups was higher than the hypotitical mean. The trends of interests in continuing being teacher for male students for the four cohorts is increasing, while the trend for female students is fluctuating, meanwhile, the 2019  cohort, both male and female are different from the other cohorts.

The purpose of this study is to rank the financial performance measures and to rank the pharmaceutical companies using an integrative multi-criteria decision-making and genetic algorithm، and finally to compare the obtained results with those of Topsis technique. In this study، first، the most important financial measures were identified using Shannon Entropy method. Second، the pharmaceutical companies were ranked using an integrative approach، and the results were compared to those of Topsis method. To this aim، five major measures (including leverage indicator، efficiency ratio، market value ratio، liquidity ratio and activity ratio) and 24 secondary indicators involved in ranking financial performances of companies were used. The population of this study includes all the pharmaceutical companies listed in Tehran Stocks Exchange from 1385/12/29 to 1390/12/29. The data used in this study comprised of financial statements and the legal declarations of the companies in 1390. The results of the study indicate that the most important measures are account turnover، earning per share، and the percentage of the dividend. Given all the measures، Sobhan pharmaceutical company was chosen as the best one and Daroupakhsh and Alborzdarou were among the next two best companies، respectively. The results obtained through Genetic Algorithm are similar to those obtained through Topsis technique in 75 % of observed cases. Moreover، the Genetic Algorithm is capable of not only ranking the pharmaceutical companies but also the determining the distance between them.