فهرست مطالب اکرم گازرانی

tele nursing has become increasingly important in supporting caregivers of Covid-19 patients. Technology can help nursing in such situations. This study reviews the effect of tele nursing on caregivers in the Covid.

The present study was a systematic review on the impact of remote nursing programs in supporting and meeting the needs of caregivers of patients' families during the Covid era. The search for observational and interventional articles published in English in PubMed، Cinahl، Embase Scopus و Web of Science was conducted in the period of 2019 to 2022 with the keywords tele nursing, tele health, family, caregivers, covid. After completing the search and evaluation of articles using the JBI checklist and articles that have entry criteria, the study was entered.

2126 related articles published between 1991 and 2022 were identified in the initial search. After removing irrelevant articles, finally 6 articles were examined. Tele-nursing has had a significant impact on improving satisfaction and knowledge, self-efficacy and efficiency and reducing the burden of care, the perceived stress of caregivers in the era of Covid-19.

In other words, tele nursing can help caregivers learn more about COVID-19 and how to care for their loved ones at home. It can also help them feel less alone and more supported. However, it is important to make sure that all caregivers have access to the technology and resources they need to use tele nursing effectively.

. Assessing nurses' learning and functional skills on a regular basis and at regular intervals is important and requires the use of an appropriate method. The purpose of this article is to investigate the application of Kirk Patrick evaluation method in the effectiveness of nursing programs.

Search for articles in Persian in Sid, Magiran and Iranmedex databases with keywords of nursing and Kirk Patrick evaluation model and search in external sources using PubMed, ProQuest, Science Direct databases with kerk Patrick evaluation model keywords and Nursing was done in combination and separately and 44 articles were obtained which were selected and reviewed after reviewing the articles that were more relevant. 21 articles were selected and reviewed, of which 15 articles were in Persian and 6 articles in English.

Kirk Patrick model has been used as a method of evaluating the effectiveness of nursing studies in a simple way and at the first or maximum second level especially in our country. But the educational effects diminish as we get closer to the third and fourth levels, However, level 3, especially 4, which examines changes in behavior or consequences, has been used sparingly due to the difficulty of assessment.

Kirk Patrick evaluation method, along with other traditional methods, provides a new method for managers and educators that can be effective in evaluating the impact of training and it is better to use this model in four levels of evaluation.Keywords: Nursing, Evaluation and Kirk Patrick Model

Introduction and Aims: The students as key elements of university make the main bodies of the various society organizations. Students’ attitudes towards field of study and future career are one of the factors influencing on quality of educational services. Therefore this study was conducted with the aim of the survey of the students’ attitude of the Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences toward their field of study and future career.
This cross sectional study conducted in Feb 2012. The population of the study is comprised of all the students of the Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences. The data collection tool was a self-made questionnaire including 34 questions. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact by SPSS v.16.
The student’s average age was 20.54±1.24 and 61% of them were female. Average score of student’s attitude towards field of study and future career estimated 44.18±5.96 and 46.85±1.93 respectively. Also in this study age of students has significant relationship with field of study (P=0.024) and future career (P=0.032).
According to the results, major of students have positive attitude towards their field of study and future career. People’s complete familiarity with the academic fields and good counsel can play significant role for further strengthened attitudes.

Patient education is difficult in hospital. And there are many barriers to its implementation. For effective patient education,, identifying the barriers and motivations of patient education from involved people’s point of view in the process of patient education is necessary. In this analytical cross-sectional study 131 nurses and Nurse Managers employed at bojnoud University of Medical Sciences hospitals in 2014, were selected by census sampling method and studied. Data was collected by Nurses motivational factors associated with Patient Education questionnaires and Questionnaire to identify barriers to patient education In three dimensions related to patient, management and nurses. Data were analyzed by SPSS V20 software using descriptive statistical tests and independent t-test. From the nurses’ point of view most of the barriers for patient education were: nurses’ lack of knowledge toward patient education (71.9%) illiteracy or low literacy of the patients (70.8%), not identifying the requirements of patients’ education and lack of nursing manpower (66.7%), lack of educational textbooks (62.5%), lack if regular plans for patient education (60.4%), patients unfavorable general condition and lack if law about patient education (59.4%) and from managers’ point of view: lack of nurses’ knowledge toward patient education (97.1%) lack of patient cooperation (91.4%) and, lack of manpower and sex difference between educator and patient (77.1%) the inability of patient for taking care of him/herself (71.4%) lack of time for nurses (68.8%) illiteracy or low literacy of patients (68.6%), rejection of education from patients (60%), low budget for patient education (54.3%). From nurses’ point of view most of the motivational factors for patient education were: job conscious (46.9%), awareness and appreciation from authorities (43.8%) salary (42.7%). And from managers’ point of view: advancement and job improvement (42.9%) interest in the job, and supervision from authorities (37.1%). And also there has been a meaningful relation between some of the demographic variables. Nurses and managers had a common point of view toward the main barriers regarding the patients and nurses. But they had a different point of view toward barriers regarding the administration. According to costs the effectiveness of patient education is essential and the authorities can contribute in removing the barriers of patient education by applying measures like attributing enough budget for education that lead to holding training courses, employing enough manpower, effective planning, appropriate supervised encouragement.

Introduction and Evidence based medicine aids the delivery of effective service to patients, diagnosing and treating. According to Clinical guidelines of evidence-based medicine, it’s possible to change clinical decision, improve treatment and promote the patients´ health. The purpose of this study is to survey knowledge, attitudes and performance about evidence-based medicine among physicians. All of the physicians in educational hospitals of medical faculty of Neyshabur, were entered in this cross-descriptive study by convenience sampling method. The questionnaire included demographic information and also information about knowledge, attitudes and obstacles of evidence-based medicine. Data were analyzed by SPSS v.16 software and descriptive statistics. Results showed that 88 % of physicians had little familiarity with evidence-based medicine and its resources. 47.8 % of them employed evidence-based medicine in their treatment decisions and 60.4 % knew the significance of evidence-based medicine for medical teams. Overloud of information were reported by 55.1 % of participants as preventive factor in use of evidence-based medicine. According to low level of knowledge and performance in evidence-based medicine among physicians, promoting awareness and practice is needed.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and progressive disease of the central nervous system. The identification of effective factors and patient education on the prevention of exposure to these factors can be effective in reducing relapses. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the factors that affect recurrence in patients with multiple sclerosis. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 402 MS patients referred to the MS Association of Mashhad, Iran, in 2013. The study participants were selected using purposive sampling method. Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and a 40-item researcher-made questionnaire concerning factors affecting the recurrence of MS. The 40-item questionnaire consisted of 4 domains; personal factors, medical condition, pharmaceutical conditions, and environmental factors. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and Mann Whitney, Pearson correlation, Kruskal Wallis, and chi-square statistical tests. Among the patients, 21/4% were male and 78/6% female. Most patients were 20-29 years old. The highest prevalence of recurrence of MS was observed in the summer (70.8%) and in August (50.3%). There was no significant relationship between patient’s gender and their views about the relationship between infections, fatigue, and heat and recurrence of MS. However, a higher rate of women believed stress (P < 0.029) and sexual development (P < 0.001) to be effective on the incidence of MS recurrence, in comparison to men. Most patients with MS are women, and they believe stress to be more effective on the incidence of MS attack recurrence. Therefore, nurses, as the primary care educators, can improve the patients’ capability, disease management, and quality of life through training of stress management techniques.

Patient safety is one issue that has always been considered as an important principle by experts in health systems. Given that one the main unite of work in a hospital operating room is directly related to the health and safety of patient, so in this case is of special importance. This study aims to assess status safety in the operating room in the hospitals of Bojnurd.

This cross-sectional study was carried out on 77 managers, supervisors and personnel operating room in 4 hospitals of Bojnurd in 2014. Data collection tool was friendly hospital patient safety questionnaire of world health organization. Collected Data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software. The meaningful level of p value was considered less than 0.05.

According to the results of this study Imam Ali hospital in terms of overall safety with the average 0/68±0/12 and Social Security hospital with a mean and standard deviation 0/65±0/21 has the immune status average, Bent -Alhoda hospital with mean and standard deviation 0/75±0/16 and military hospital with mean and standard deviation 0/76±0/14 have a good safety situation. Collectively 4 hospitals with mean and standard deviation 0/70±0/15 had a good safety situation.

The results showed that hospitals of Bojnurd regarding their scores of safety in the operating room are in good status.

C esarean is a life saving intervention for mother and baby in certain circumstances، but it has adverse effects on both. of them. The objective of this study was to investigate pregnant women ''s preference rate to cesarean delivery and factors associated with it، with special emphasis on pregnant women ''s preference with previous vaginal delivery. This cross-sectional study was conducted on all pregnant women (who had previous vaginal delivery) that supported by Neyshabur health care centers from 20 Feb، 2011 to 20 March، 2011. Data collection was formed via face-to-face interview with pregnant women and also use of health folders and then analyzed with use of t-independent test and logistic regression model. The mean age of the pregnant women (615 persons) at time of survey was 30. 27±5. 15 (Range: 18-47). In total، 558 (90. 7%) preferred vaginal delivery and 57 (9. 3%) cesarean delivery. After use of multiple logistic regression، there was a statistically significant relation between preference for cesarean delivery and the following variables: fear of delivery (p<0. 001)، Spouses′ occupation of pregnant women (p=0. 002) and Local residence (p<0. 001). The result indicated that the pregnant women who had previous history of vaginal delivery had less desire to undergo cesarean delivery in their subsequent pregnancy. Nonetheless، consultation with an obstetrician is necessary before the selection of delivery type.

Background and

Clinical competency is one of the requirements in nursing profession, for which nurses have recently been criticized. For this reason, health educational systems always intend to discover and improve factors that affect clinical competency. On the other hand, spiritual intelligence is considered as a significant factor in nurses’ success and efficacy. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the spiritual intelligence status and its relationship with nurses’ clinical competency.

This descriptive correlational study was conducted on 250 nurses of Mashad educational hospitals selected by multi-stage sampling. Demographic, clinical competency and spiritual intelligence questionnaires were used for data collection; the obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 11.5 using ANOVA, Kruskal Wallis, t-test, correlation and simple linear regression and covariate analysis.

The results showed that %53.3 of the nurse's scores on spiritual intelligence were above the mean, and %46.7 below the mean. Most nurses’ (%53/8) scores of clinical competency scores was reported good (by self-assessment), %48.2 of the scores in the average range (by matron assessment), and %53.3 of them in the average range (by the overall assessment). A significant positive correlation was observed between spiritual intelligence and clinical competency, as Pearson correlation coefficient indicated (p<0.001).

A positive significant correlation was observe between spiritual intelligence of nurses’ clinical competency.