ایران خدادادی

This experiment aimed to investigate the effect of (zero, 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg Atriplex forage) malva sylvestris on digestibility and microbial fermentation of Atriplex in one-humped camel. Fermentation parameters by gas production technique and in vitro digestibility by two-stage digestion were measured by two years old female fistulated camels. Addition 40 and 60 mg/kg malva sylvestris increased gas produced from Atriplex forage (P<0.05). Gas production rate constant didn’t affect by malva sylvestris (P>0.05). Addition malva sylvestris (60 mg/kg) to Atriplex, significantly decreased partitioning factor, microbial biomass, the efficiency of microbial biomass and organic matter actually degradable (P<0.05). Addition of Malva sylvestris 40 and 60 mg/kg were significantly reduced medium pH (P<0.05). The compared with control the highest ammonia-nitrogen concentrations was for treatment containing 20 mg/kg malva sylvestris (11.37 mg/100 ml) (P<0.05). Also this treatment had the greatest NDF digestibility comparison to control (P<0.05). Adding malva sylvestris in 20, 40 and 60 mg/kg to Atriplex increased the protozoa population at 12 and 24 in comparison to control 48 h incubation (P<0.05). Species of Diplodinium camli, Diplodinium maggi, Epidinium ecudatum and Eudiplodinium maggi in treatments containing malva sylvestris were the highest. In conclusion, high fermentation malva sylvestris increase digestibility and gas production of Atriplex in one-humped camel diets.

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of adding of Silybum Marianum plant (20، 40 and 60 mg/kg) on digestibility and microbial fermentation of Suaeda Fruticosa forage and protozoa species in the one-humped camel. Fermentation and gas production and estimated parameters were measured by gas production technique and in vitro digestibility was measured by two-stage digestion using two fistulated camels. To investigate the protozoa، samples were removed from the culture and after staining with methylene blue solution، protozoa enumeration and morphology were conducted in different environments. Protozoa analysis was conducted using factorial experiment and completely randomized design. The obtained results showed that the addition of Silybum Marianum to level 60 mg had significant effect on gas production potential of Suaeda forage (P<0. 05). Partationing factors، microbial biomass، efficiency of microbial biomass، organic matter actually degradable and cell wall degradability was significantly decreased in treatments containing Silybum Marianum in compared with control (P<0. 05). Ammonia nitrogen concentrations was significantly increased in treatments containing Silybum Marianum (P<0. 05). Adding Silybum Marianum increases the digestibility of dry matter and neutral detergent insoluble fibers in comparison to control. Protozoa populations significantly decreased by treatments containing Silybum Marianum (P<0. 05). According to the result، two species observed in this experiment were Diplodinium Cameli and Epidinium ecudatum. Therefore، using Silybum Marianum plant caused to improve the nutritional value of Suaeda forage in the one-humped camel.