بتسابه یوسفی

Despite progress in health, Contamination of lice are considered as a health problem. The aim of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of Pediculosis in the cities covered by Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2016. This study was descriptive and analytical cross sectional. Information from 7453 Pediculosis patients was extracted from the Sina Electronic Health Record in a 4-month period (November 2016 to March 2017). To show the spatial distribution of the disease, was used the GIS software. That was used SPSS software to analyze the data and graph pad software to plot the graphs. The study showed that 91.2% of the total population was women and 64.1% were adolescents aged between 7 and 18 years old. Prevalence rates in elementary and children under the 6 years were 42.6% and 31.8%, respectively, with the highest prevalence. Pediclusis transmission was 64.6% in schools and 46.3% in the direct transmission method. Based on spatial distribution map of Khalilabad, the highest prevalence and Kalat were the least prevalence among Khorasan Razavi counties. Considering the results of this study, it can be said that elementary girls are more likely to expose to contamination. Schools were the most probable places of contamination, and direct contact were the most common way of contamination was obtained. People with higher levels of education were less likely to be infected.

Rational use of medicine and moving toward a society with appropriate, safe and efficient use of medicine are among the main focuses of the World Health Organization's recommendations. This study aimed to investigate the drug prescription pattern in Iranian rural family physician program in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. In this descriptive analytical study, 14189 drug prescriptions issued in 152 rural health centers under the supervision of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences related to the year 2014 were randomly selected. Indicators including price, number of medicines per prescription, percentage of prescriptions containing at least one injectable drug, antibiotic, corticosteroid and differences according to the physicians’ work experience, type of pharmacy (public or private), patients’ gender and physicians’ gender were assessed. Mean number of medicines per prescription was 3.18 ± 1.28. Mean number of medicines per prescription was 3.15 ± 1.18 for male patients and was 3.2 ± 1.28 for female patients, which their difference was statistically significant (P = 0.01). Frequency of prescriptions containing at least one injectable drug, antibiotic or corticosteroid were 39.5%, 50.8% or 23.7%, respectively. Based on the work experience, physicians with low experience, prescribed more injectable drugs and antibiotics. Mean price of prescription prescribed by female physicians was significantly higher than male physicians (78,472 ± 59,923 IRR (2.24 ± 1.71 US$) vs. 76,205 ± 58,262 IRR (2.18 ± 1.6 US$); P = 0.009). Mean number of medicines per prescription in the operating healthcare units of family physician program under supervision of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences was higher than country goal and international standards. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate special educational programs for physicians, and also to monitor the operating healthcare units of family physician program by designing surveillance programs on prescribing patterns.

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy or “morning sickness” is one of the most common complaints of pregnant women.. . The objective of this study is assesses the effectiveness of Ginger for nauseaand vomiting in pregnancy. all domestic and international databases with sensitive keywords were studied.All study assessed about Inclusion criteria and finally seven clinical trials. A total sample pool of 525 pregnancies was included at this systematic review All studies mentioned of randomization by establishing sample homogeneity at baseline in terms of age, severity of symptoms, gestational age, co-morbid conditions. In all studies ginger was better than placebo in reducing the severity of nausea and frequency of vomiting period. This systematic review has shown that ginger may be used as an alternative choice of treatment for the management of the aforementioned symptoms.