فهرست مطالب بهمن شریفی

The aim of this study is to provide a model for achiving to effective student educational guidance in Iran's educational system. The research approach was mixed method with exploratory desigen. In qualitative part of the research, the Grounded Theory method and in quantitative part a descriptive survey type was used. Sampling method in qualitative part was purposive and in quantitative part was Random stratified. The statistical sample in qualitative part was 17 people, according to theoretical saturation law, and in quantitative part was 242 people according to the Cochran formula. The data collection tool in qualitative part was semi-structured interview and in quantitative part was researcher-made questionnaire with 39 questions. In qualitative part for achieving the validity from checking by contributors and to determine the reliability, approval strategy of research colleagues was used. In quantitative part expert's opinions were used to assess the validity and the result of Cronbach's alpha test was 0.96, which indicates a high reliability. The data analysis method In qualitative part was an inductive content analysis with using coding at three levels of open, axial, and selective. In quantitative part, exploratory factor analysis was performed by spss software and verifiable factor analysis, structural equations and path analysis by lisrel software .the results showed that the dimensions of the effective model of educational guidance of student's are, respectively, talent identification, legal factors, effective policies, structural and managerial, IT, knowledge, family and socity factors. in exploratory factor analysis the impact of all dimensions and components on the effective model of educational guidance of student's was confirmed. the final model of the study was confirmed with the indices of fit and the standardized coefficients.

The aim of this study was providing a effective educational guidance model for students; based on ICT. The research approach was mixed method with exploratory desigen. In qualitative part of the research, the Grounded Theory method and in quantitative part a descriptive survey type was used. statistical population in the qualitative part, included the experts in the educational guidance system of Golestan province and in the quantitative part of counselors, school administrators and educational deputies of Gorgan and Aq-qala, was 650 People in the academic year of 2017-2018. Sampling method in qualitative part was purposive and in quantitative part based on job type of contributors was Random stratified. The statistical sample in qualitative part was 17 people, according to theoretical saturation law, and in quantitative part was 242 people according to the Cochran formula. The data collection tool in qualitative part was interview and in quantitative part was researcher-made questionnaire with 39 questions. In qualitative part for achieving the validity from checking by contributors and to determine the reliability, approval strategy of research colleagues was used. In quantitative part expert's opinions were used to assess the validity and the result of Cronbach's alpha test was 0.96, which indicates a high reliability. The results showed that the existence of comprehensive databases, ease of access to information, online counseling, data mining, utilization of expert systems, and simulation are factors for achieving effective educational guidance.

In the present study, CFD simulation of Transit-time ultrasonic flowmeter with the PZT-5J piezoelectric sensor was modeled for light, heavy, and medium crude oil by the wave equation in the acoustic wave propagation path and finite element solving method in the unsteady state and it was implemented, using COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3 software. Different samples of light, heavy, and medium crude oil at different temperatures were modeled and simulated under constant pressure, using CFD tools. voltage and speed of sound in were calculated by the proposed model. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed model, the simulation results were compared with the empirical data obtained from the experimental work of the researchers. The average values of the maximum voltage of signals for an ultrasonic containing light, heavy, and medium light crude oil samples are 0.9491, 1.0115, and 0.943 v, respectively. The difference between the simulation results and the experimental data for the speed of sound in the light, heavy, and medium crude oil samples was at most about 0.2336%, 0.4339%, and 0.1378%, respectively. Therefore, the high costs of designing and optimizing the transit-time ultrasonic flowmeter for crude oil can be reduced, using the proposed model.

Clinical education is a posse during which students by visiting patients Gain gradual skills for clinical management of the patients. The aim of this study is to determine the quality and quantity of clinical education from the view point of junior and senior doctors.

This is a descriptive, analytical study. All clinical Students of Medicine faculty of YUMS In year 1385-1386 participants if they have concept inform. Data were collected by a researchers developed questionnaire with approved validity and reliability. 54 students totally consisted of personal identification, the quality and quantity of attending, clinical education, and educational environments were assess, each question has four choice option and the cut point was considered 60 from hundred, after the primary data analysis, the students were asked to take part in a Focus Group Discussion to have a conclusion of their ultimate opinions. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.

68% of students evaluated the quality of clinical education unsatisfactory and 48% of them assessed the teachers unsatisfactory. Interns were significantly unsatisfactory in OBS-GYN, surgery and internal wards more than stagers.

Quality and quantity of clinical education of medicine faculty was evaluated undesirable from view point of students. Totally clinical educations have needed more notice from the different view.

Due to the increasing development of science and technology in today’s world and updates in organizational factors, staff development becomes more essential. An educational program could be considered effective if it could appropriately change in participants’ knowledge and behavior. The aim of this study is to assess the training course of working with ECT (DC Shock device) for nurses based on the Kirkpatrick’s model.

This evaluation study is based on the Kirkpatrick’s model, in which the efficacy of training course of working with ECT to nurses is assessed. A volunteer sample of 160 nurses participated in the project with informed consent. The training course was evaluated concerning four areas including reaction, learning, behavior, and outcome; then the overall efficacy rate of the course was calculated. Data was collected through researcher- made questionnaires whose validity and reliability were confirmed in a pilot study. Data was analyzed by Student t-test.

The mean scores of participants’ reaction(first level in Kirkpatrick model) to the content, instructor and facilities were 4.3±.35, 4.8±.41, and 4.1±.27,out of 5, respectively. The desirability rates (mean scores) for the four levels were: reaction (4.4±.45), learning (4.35±.24), behavior (3.85±.18), and the impact (4.33±.18). The mean of overall desirability rate of this course was 4.16±.41.

The training course of working with ECT for nurses resulted in favorable outcomes in the three evaluated levels of reaction, learning and behavior, and was able to develop efficient changes in the impact level.

Antioxidants are compounds that protect the body against damage caused by oxidative stress. This study evaluated the antioxiadant properties of vegetables consumed in Yasouj, Iran. In this experimental study conducted at Yasouj University of Medical Sciences in 2010, the samples (parsley, coriander, spinach, tomato, and eggplant) were collected from the village of Imam Zadeh Jafar and Yasouj. Their methanol extracts were prepared, then total phenol and flavonoids were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteu and Zyshen methods respectively. The antioxidant activities of the plants were estimated by using Diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), Ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), phosphomolybdat, and nitric oxide. The collected data were analyzed by the SPSS software (version 17) using one-way ANOVA. parsley and eggplant had the highest and lowest amount of total phenol respectively, while spinach and eggplant had the most and the least amount of flavonoids respectively. Antioxidant activity of coriander and tomato were maximum and minimum by diphenylpicrylhydrazyl method respectively. In both FRAP and TEAC methods, spinach and tomato had the highest and lowest antioxidant activity respectively. By the nitric oxide assay, coriander had the highest and spinach had the lowest amount, while spinach had the highest antioxidant activity according to Phosphomolybdat method. This study showed that spinach and coriander had the highest antioxidant activity.

Today, high blood pressure is considered a risk, so this study was carried out to investigate the knowledge and practice of hypertensive patients based on national program to prevent and control the disease in Boyer Ahmad district. This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted on 237 patients with high blood pressure in 2008. Subjects were selected by stratified random sampling. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire designed by the researcher. The gathered data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square test. The overall awareness and practice level of the patients were 78.5% and 35.5%, respectively. Overall performance of patients was 35.5%, and 85.2% of patients took the prescribed medicine as directed by their physician. 42.2 percent of patients had appropriate physical exercise and 4.2 percent had managed to quit smoking. Relationship between literacy and general awareness of patients was significant (P=0.001). The difference between the blood pressure prior and after the diagnosis was also significant (P<0.001). Systolic blood pressure of subjects has been increased by 1.26 mm Hg unit per year since the diagnosis of their hypertension. Correlation of knowledge and practices of the subjects showed that one point increase in the awareness of patients resulted in 0.12 points in their practices. (P=0.001). The present study revealed that education services to the target populations were consistent with national programming, but their performance in the field of medicine, diet, exercise and quit smoking program was not compliant. A further study to improve the performance of patients is recommended.

Introduction & One of the important functions of the cornea is to maintain normal vision by refracting light onto the lens and retina. This property is dependent in part on the ability of the corneal epithelium to undergo continuous renewal. Ocular surface failure which follows a variety of endogenous and exogenous precipitating factors, the most common being: chemical trauma, infection, alkaline burn, inflammation and hereditary conditions, lid or lash abnormalities, tear deficiency or reduced sensation. The core principal underpinning management strategy for ocular surface failure is establishing or promoting new growth of healthy conjunctiva and corneal epithelium. This process is mediated by many proteins that are inducers of corneal cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. The current study was performed to investigate the efficacy of umbilical cord serum on alkaline corneal epithelial wound healing in the rabbit model. In this study conducted at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2010, thirty two rabbits were randomly assigned into two equal groups. Central corneal alkali wound was formed in one eye of the rabbits by applying a 6-mm round filter paper, soaked in 1 N NaOH, for 60 seconds. Group one of animals received umbilical cord blood serum; and group two received Sno*Tear in the eyes. The treatment was dosed 4 times a day with the eye drops, and epithelial wound closure was recorded using slit lamp. The data were analyzed to determine the rate of wound closure. The mean wound radius closure rate was 0.77 mm/day (SD=0.013) for umbilical cord blood serum-treated eyes, 0.73 mm/day (SD=0.018) for artificial tear-treated eyes. This study shows that alkali-injured corneal epithelial wound heal faster when treated with umbilical cord blood serum than with artificial tear in rabbit model.

Introduction & Consumption of plant derived antioxidant contributes to reducing risks of certain chronic and degenerative diseases. The aim of the present study was to study the antioxidant activities and total phenolic of Artemisia Martima, Achillea Millefolium and Matricaria Recutica The present study was conducted at Yasuj University of Medical Sciences in 2009. The Stem and flower sample of plants were air-dried, and then grinded and were finally extracted by ethanol: water (70: 30) for 48 h in room temperature. Extracts were filtered and dried under vacuum system. The antioxidant activity of three ethanol extract of the medicinal plants, Artemisia martima, Achillea millefolium and Matricaria recutica, were analyzed by five different methods; (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2, 20azinobis- (3-ethylbenzthiazoline -6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical cation,Ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP), phosphomolybdenum (PMB) and reducing power (RP). In addition, for determination of antioxidant components, the total phenolic content was also analyzed. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS software. For all antioxidant activity assays, Artemisia martima had the highest antioxidant activity value and also total phenol content. Antioxidant capacity analyses revealed that the FRAP and DPPH had comparable results. Antioxidant activity at 1 mg/mL, in ABTS were in the order Artemisia martima> Achillea millefolium> Matricaria recutica. Similar trend was observed for PMB content. RP, FRAP and DPPH were in the order Artemisia martima> Matricaria recutica > Achillea millefolium. The extracts showed a variety of antioxidant activities in all antioxidant assay system. This study demonstrated that Artemisia martima crude extract exhibit significant antioxidant activity.

Introduction & Pterygium is a wing-shaped fold of conjunctiva and fibrovascular tissue invades the superficial cornea. The occurrence of pterygia is strongly correlated with UV exposure, although dryness, inflammation, and exposure to wind and dust or other irritants are also important factors. Pterygium is usually asymptomatic, but it can cause photophobia, tearing, and foreign body sensation. It can also decrease vision by inducing with the regular and irregular astigmatism. Unfortunately, the recurrence rate is high; averaging approximately 40% in various studies. Recurrences generally occur rapidly, within 2 to 3 months of surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of subconjunctivaly injection of mitomicin-C in preventing the recurrence of pterygium. This study was a simple randomized clinical trial which was carried out at Imam Sajjad Hospital of Yasuj, Iran. In this study, 157 eyes (48 men, 64 women) with primary pterygium were allocated in intervention (83 eyes, 54 patients) and control (74 eyes, 58 patients) groups. The mean age of the patients was 48. In the inversion group we injected. 1 ML of mitomycin C. 2% subconjunctivally in to the pterygium body, 1 month before pterygium excision. After the pterygium was excised, the bare sclera was covered by sliding adjacent superior conjunctiva in both groups. The follow up period was 3 months. Recurrence was defined as the postoperative re-growth of fibro-vascular tissue crossing the cornea. The data was analyzed by the SPSS software using Fisher's exact test and Chi-square test. The recurrence rate was 1.2% (1 eye) and 9.45% (7 eyes) in intervention and control groups, respectively, with significance difference between groups (P= 0.027). The mean degree of astigmatism was improved with surgery in both groups. Both subconjunctival mitomycin C injection before pterygium excision and conjunctival auto graft are safe and are effective treatments in reducing of pterygium recurrence. Regarding the reduction of pterygium recurrence after subconjunctivaly Mitomicin-C injection, it can be concluded that this method is an effective treatment in pterygium surgery.