بهنام مشکی

Linguatulosis is an important parasitic disease in most parts of the world with majorcause of eliminates the liver in the slaughterhouses. In addition to indirect economicallyloss after infection of Linguatulosis, it affects ruminant productions as well. The adultform of Linguatula Serrata resides within the nasal and respiratory passages of dogs andother canines. It is tongue shaped, lightly convex dorsally and flattened ventrally. Eggsare approximately 70-90 microns. Ruminants such as cattle, sheep, goat and camel asintermediate hosts infect by ingestion of the eggs, and then eggs hatch and larval stagescontinue to develop in visceral cavity and internal organs especially intestinal lymphnodes, liver, lung, spleen and kidneys. After some moulting stages which is around 5-6months, the infective nymph is developed. The aim of the present investigation was toidentify the infection status of slaughtered small ruminants (sheep and goat) to LinguatulaSerata in the Sanandaj slaughterhouse. For this purpose, sampling was done from 70carcasses (35 sheep and 35 goats) in each season and in different seasons. Samples were tested by direct observation and digestive method. In each sampling case location, gender and age of the animal was registered. In this study, none of the investigated samples were infected. Undoubtedly, this situation could be a result of infections absent in carnivores as main host and in priority, dogs in the investigated region. Furthermore, complementary studies should be done for this range of the host.

Monogenetic termatodes are exoparasites of Iranian freshwater fishes with high pervalency in both wild and cultured fishes which cause economoic loss each year. The aim of the present study was to detect parasites of gills in yellow- fin seabreams of persian gulf. This study was conducted for one year (between autumn 2007 to autumn 2008) on both wild and cultured yellow-fin seabreams of Persian gulf. 276 fishes were studied and two species of monogenetic trematodes, Polylabris angifer and Lamellodiscus acanthopagri, were identificated. Infestation and intensity rates for Polylabris angifer in all seabreams were 12.3% and 2.76±2.62% respectively. Infestation rate and intensity rates in cultured fishes of Hengam Island were 12.5% and 2.43±0.78% and in Imam Port were 60% and 6.50±3.98% respectively. The highest and lowest rates of infestation with Polylabris angifer were found in spring and autumn respectively. The highest infestation intensity was found in summer. The infestation rate and it's intensity with Lamellodiscus acanthopagri in all wild and cultured seabreams were 6.5% and 6.33±5.73% and in cultured fishes in Imam Port were 60% and 5.50 ± 2.07% respectively. This parasite didnt find in the cultured fish of Hengam Island. There was a direct positive relation between weight and infestation rate. The pathological signs of polylabris angifer infestations are as increase in goblet cells, haemorrhage, dilatation of primary lamella and adhesion of secondary lamella.

Considering the importance of hydatidosis among human beings and domesticated animals, the aim of the present study was to identify the diagnostic antigen of hydatid cyst by immuno-blotting method. After the preparation of sheep hydatid cyst, four kinds of antigens of raw fluids, boiled fluids, homogenized antigen of protosculex and the antigen of hydatid cyst wall were isolated. The negative and positive serum samples without any impurity were prepared in slaughterhouse. Electrophoresis of antigens by means of SDS–PAGE method using disconnected gel along with isolating gel with the concentration of 12% and compressing gel with the concentration of 5% in the vicinity of a marker with certain molecular weight was carried out.In western blotting method for detection of the specific antigen, a sheet of nitrocellulose membrane was transferred over the gel and electrophoresis was performed. After transferring protein to nitrocellulose membrane, fatless powdered milk was used as a blocking buffer and then, primary and secondary antibodies and benzidin di–amino substrate were used accordingly to identify specific bands. Electrophoresis pattern of the four antigens extracted from the cyst showed that among 14 protein bands, there are 9 protein bands with molecular weights of more than 116 Kilo-Dalton (kD) among which 4 bands with molecular weights of 18, 23, 40, and 64 kD were more prominent and similar to the antigens of boiled fluid.In the electrophoresis of wall antigen, 9 protein bands out of 14 bands had molecular weights of more than 116 kD and there were 10 protein bands with molecular weights of more than 35 kD in the protosculex. By immuno-blotting method in raw fluid antigen, a protein band with molecular weight of 35 kD, and in cyst wall antigen 3 protein bands with molecular weights of 30, 33, 46 kD were identified as specific antigens.