فهرست مطالب بیتا دستان

Nowadays, with an increasing demand for electrical energy and the high penetration of renewable energy sources, frequency fluctuations pose a significant challenge to power system operators. In this paper, the frequency-load control problem based on the measures of (i) peak overshoot of frequency deviation and (ii) integral of time-weighted absolute error is explored from a new perspective for an interconnected, two-area power system. To this end, the proposed interconnected two-area power system includes thermal, gas, and hydro power generation sources as well as wind and solar renewable energy sources. Additionally, and from a technical perspective, nonlinear factors including dead-band governor and generation rate constraints are also taken into account for the newly developed interconnected two-area power system. To control the frequency, a fractional-order TID controller is widely employed due to its simple structure and high accuracy, the coefficients of which were optimized by a well-adjusted genetic algorithm. For comparison purposes, the performance of the suggested TID controller is compared with a PID controller in terms of dynamic parameters such as frequency deviation range, settling time, and stability speed. Simulation of the proposed interconnected two-area power system in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment indicates that under various operating conditions the proposed TID controller exhibits better effectiveness and efficiency compared with the PID controller in terms of improving dynamic parameters.