فهرست مطالب تقی اکبری

The purpose of the present study is to investigate the structural relationship between happy school and the mental, spiritual, physical and behavioral vitality of teachers, emphasizing the mediating role of organizational commitment. The population studied in this research was made up of all the primary teachers of Urmia city (12 thousand people). The statistical sample was also based on Morgan's table, 310 people were selected using cluster random method. Structural equation model has been used for analysis. The direct effect of organizational commitment, mental, spiritual, physical and behavioral vitality of teachers on the structure of a happy school is significant at the level of 0.001. Also, the direct effect of teachers' mental, spiritual, physical and behavioral vitality on teachers' organizational commitment is significant at the level of 0.001. The indirect effect of teachers' mental, spiritual, physical and behavioral vitality on teachers' organizational commitment is significant at the 0.001 level; Therefore, organizational commitment plays a mediating role in the connection between the mental, spiritual, physical and behavioral vitality of teachers with the structure of a happy school. Organizational commitment, mental, spiritual, physical and behavioral vitality of teachers with each other in the amount of (0.63 percent) and respectively (0.48), (0.72), (0.53), (0.59) and ( 0.44) explain the changes in the structure of the happy school. Also, the mental, spiritual, physical and behavioral vitality of teachers with each other is (0.85 percent) and respectively (0.65), (0.46), (0.74) and (0.66) percent of commitment changes. The organization foresees teachers.

Teachers experience more mental health problems due to teaching-learning activities compared to other employees. Optimum use of talents can reduce job stress and prevent teachers from psychological damage. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing a model of using talents and its role in the mental health of teachers of primary schools in Ardabil city.

The present research was conducted with a qualitative-quantitative mixed method. In the quantitative stage, among the 1632 elementary school teachers in Ardabil, 320 people were selected using Morgan's table by multi-stage and stratified sampling method, and the questionnaire was distributed among them. The statistical population of the research in the qualitative phase was an elite group consisting of principals and teachers sampled in the last three years, experts in elementary education, and 20 of them were interviewed with the purposeful sampling method and in terms of theoretical saturation. After analyzing the qualitative data, a researcher-made questionnaire of 46 questions was compiled, which was confirmed by the supervisors and advisors, and the combined reliability, Cronbach's alpha and AVE were obtained as 0.78, 0.84 and 0.58, respectively, which shows that It has good reliability (values ​​above 0.7, 0.7 and 0.5 respectively are considered strong for these indicators). Quantitative data were analyzed using structural equation method in Smart PLS2.

The findings of the research showed that the components of talent utilization include provision of talented human resources (Beta=0.371, T.valu=2.842), intelligence of goals (Beta=0.418, T.valu=5.702) and training facilities (Beta=0.348), T.valu=3.440) have a positive and significant effect on the deployment strategy of talent management, and the talent management deployment strategy (T.valu=36.624, Beta=0.862) has a significant effect on teachers' mental health.

According to the results of the research, the use of talents by attracting talented and interested people and by applying the necessary strategies and contexts can have a very important effect on improving the mental health of primary school teachers. Therefore, the authorities can protect the mental health of teachers by paying attention to the effective components in using talents and removing obstacles and facilitating things.

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing and presenting a successful school model in secondary schools in Ardabil province.

Accordingly, the present study was conducted to provide a successful school model. This research has systematically evaluated and analyzed the studies conducted in the field of school with the qualitative research approach and the seven-stage meta-synthesis tool of Sandlowski and Barroso (2007) and has identified the dimensions and components of a successful school model. The research population includes articles that have been published in the field of successful school between 1385 to 1398 in domestic sources and in 2005 to 2020 in foreign sources. As a result, 2151 works were found in various databases. After several stages of screening with the criteria of reviewing the title, abstract and content of the research, finally 50 articles were selected that were more related to the research criteria in terms of content. Its face and content validity was confirmed by experts and the obtained reliability coefficient was 0.83. From the point of view of experts in the field under study, the proposed model was of high quality.

By carefully studying the finalized sources, 12 main components and 55 school indicators were successfully extracted.

Findings show that to achieve a successful school, you need to have the following components: vision and goals, focus and attention, school structure, effective cooperation and communication between employees, support, collaborative management, positive learning climate, professional ethics, leadership Effectiveness, learners, efficiency and effectiveness as well as optimal resource management.

The first step in organizing research in society is to gain a proper understanding of the available facilities and to identify the strengths, weaknesses and obstacles facing research. The present study was conducted to identify barriers to research in the field of educational management. In this study, a qualitative research method based on data foundation theory based on the Strauss-Corbin model was used and semi-structured interviews with 18 professors and experts in the field of educational management were continued by purposeful sampling method until theoretical saturation was achieved. In order to ensure the validity of the tool, the opinions of educational management experts were used and to ensure the reliability of the data, the non-participating elite review method was used. After three stages of open, axial and selective coding, the results of data analysis around the paradigm model, eight general categories were extracted that look at the most important obstacles to research in the field of educational management. These barriers are economic barriers, barriers related to the specialized field of educational management with the category of discipline specialization, individual barriers related to weak research capability, barriers related to access to research information, structural and administrative barriers, motivational and attitude barriers of the researcher, physical barriers And hardware and cultural and social barriers. According to the results regarding research barriers, it can be said that the existence of these barriers has reduced the quality of research in the field of educational management. Facilitating access to facilities, providing financial resources and allocating appropriate budgets, reforming the rules and regulations of research processes, motivating and changing the attitude of society towards research can be an effective step towards the quantitative and qualitative development of research in the field of educational management.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and factor structure of the happy school questionnaire in primary school students. The statistical population of this research included all elementary school students of district one of Ardabil city in the academic year of 2022-2023 (30,687) of which 380 students were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. Depression, anxiety and stress scale (DASS-21) and Oxford happiness Inventory (OHI) were used to calculate convergent and diagnostic validity. Construct validity was investigated through confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability using Cronbach's alpha method and retesting and data analysis with S. software. P. S. S. Version 25 and Lisrel version 8/8 were done. The results of confirmatory factor analysis, like the original form, confirmed 2 factors of happiness at school and dissatisfaction at school. Also, the Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the whole scale was equal to 0.81, and for the subscales of happiness at school and dissatisfaction at school, it was equal to 0.86 and 0.80, respectively. In addition, the retest coefficient with an interval of four weeks was 0.74 for the whole questionnaire and 0.70 and 0.74 for the subscales of happiness at school and dissatisfaction at school, respectively. Also, the correlation coefficients indicated the convergent and diagnostic validity of the questionnaire (P<0.001). According to the obtained results, it can be said that the happy school questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for measuring the happy school in primary school students.

One of the effective educational factors in the modern education system is how to refresh the school environment. The current research aims to present a three-layered model for the feasibility and effective establishment of a happy school in Iran's primary education system based on the document of the fundamental transformation of education using the meta-composite method. Metasynthesis requires that the researcher conduct a detailed and in-depth review and combine the findings of related qualitative research. Using metacombination method, 59 articles of happy school field were evaluated and with content analysis, relevant dimensions and codes were extracted and the importance of priority of each was determined with the help of Shannon's entropy quantitative method. Based on the findings, it was determined that the codes of participation in decision-making, having comfort and recreational facilities, flexibility, having a neat appearance, being happy and living happily, holding ceremonies on religious and national holidays and occasions, having high self-confidence, hope and Believing and helping classmates and peers have the highest coefficient of importance. In other words, for the feasibility and establishment of a happy school in primary education, paying attention to these matters is very important. Finally, after going through the steps of the research, the model of the feasibility and establishment of the happy school in the elementary education system of Iran was presented in three layers of feasibility, conceptual design and implementation structure and establishment of the happy school in the elementary education system of Iran.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the lived experiences of professors of Allameh Tabatabai University in Tehran from virtual teaching during the Corona period. The current research method was based on the purpose of applied studies and based on the approach of qualitative studies based on the phenomenological method. The studied population included all the professors of Allameh Tabatabai University of Tehran who had experience in virtual teaching. In this research, the purposeful sampling method was used to select the sample, which reached the theoretical saturation level to determine the researcher's sample size with the number of 20 people. In order to collect data, semi-structured interviews were used, the reliability of the tool was obtained from the reliability method between two coders, and the reliability of the coding was confirmed. In order to analyze the data, the coding method based on thematic analysis was used. The results of the findings showed that the obstacles and problems of virtual teaching of Allameh Tabatabai University professors in Tehran include weakness in the learner, weakness of the teacher , weakness of the content , weak educational facilities , weak training time and the weakness of evaluation and feedback. According to the obtained results, most of the problems of the failed courses are related to the executive field, and the university managers should pay attention to the executive department in order to remove the obstacles to learning in the first stage and transferring learning in the next stage.

School culture is an important managerial tool that helps school succeed. In many successful organizations, managers pay sufficient attention to this issue. However, studies related to this issue show that many organizations are not informed about the existence and performance manner of organizational culture. Thus, the present study was carried out to design and validate the successful school culture model. The research method adopted in this study was mixed-methods approach. In the qualitative phase, the statistical population involved articles published about school culture and successful school from 2005 to 2020 in Iranian and non-Iranian journals, out of which 50 articles were selected for the final analysis. In the quantitative phase, the statistical population involved all teachers of secondary high schools of Ardabil (five hundred teachers). Out of these, 217 individuals were selected as the statical sample using cluster random sampling. In the qualitative phase, the seven-stage meta-synthesis instrument proposed by Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) was used. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The results of the study led to the identification of 55 indices of successful school culture model. These were formed as 12 components, namely school prospect and mission, attention to the comprehensive growth of students, school’s empowering structure, effective cooperation and relation of employees, social support, cooperative management, positive learning environment, professional morality, effective leadership, learners’ cognitive features, effectiveness and efficiency, and effective human resource management. The validity of designed model was assessed and confirmed using SmartPLS3 software through factorial analysis. The results of this study can help educational managers and staff develop school culture, identify successful schools’ features, and improve effectiveness of schools.

Ready-to-use pomegranate arils can be a good alternative to fresh fruits, but they have a short shelf life, so a safe and healthy method is needed to maintain the quality of these arils during storage. For this purpose, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of combined ozone treatment and Satureja khuzistanica extract on pomegranate arils of Malas Saveh cultivar during storage for 21 days in the cold storage at 4 °C. Factorial experiment with two factors of postharvest treatments (including seven treatments: 1) 1 ppm ozone; 2) 3 ppm ozone; 3) 1 ppm ozone + 0.5% S. khuzistanica extract; 4) 1 ppm ozone + 1% S. khuzistanica extract; 5) 3 ppm ozone + 0.5% S. khuzistanica extract; 6) 3 ppm ozone + 1% S. khuzistanica extract; and 7) control), and sampling time (zero (before storage), 7, 14 and 21 days after storing arils in cold storage) were performed with three repetitions. The results showed that the highest amount of titratable acid (TA) (1.15%), anthocyanin (126 ppm), total phenol (115.6 mg GAE g-1 FW), and vitamin C (30.5 mg 100 g FW) during the storage period was obtained from 1 ppm ozone treatment with 0.5% extract of S. khuzistanica. Also, pomegranate arils treated with 1 ppm ozone + 0.5% S. khuzistanica extract had the highest appearance quality, and the lowest population of mesophilic, and psychrophilic bacteria, yeasts and fungal infections. In general, the combined treatment of ozone 1 ppm + 0.5% S. khuzistanica extracts is recommended as a safe and healthy method for storing pomegranate arils in storage.

The purpose of this study is to present a conceptual model of the university as a teaching organization using the meta-synthesis method. The method of the present study was qualitative and meta-synthesis. The statistical population of the study included all sources related to the organization during the years 2000 to 2020 to 124 sources, of which 68 sources were selected based on the abstracts. Then 44 sources were selected based on content, and finally 21 sources as final sources, were examined by theme analysis method. To select articles from the keywords of teaching organization, learning organization and teaching university and from English keywords teaching organization, learning organization and university teaching in databases of libraries, research institutes and sites such as University Jihad, Noor specialized journals database, recipients, scientific articles of national conferences, national journals, Irandoc, Civilica, Elamnet and reputable foreign citation and information databases including Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer, IEEE were searched. The selected corpus was analyzed using MAXQDA 2020 software which yielded 216 initial codes. After refining and reclassifying the initial codes by the research team, 56 axial categories were obtained, which were divided into 2 main components of internal organization including individual, managerial, structural and infrastructural factors and external organizational factors including cultural, economic, political, technological and information factors and environmental and social and external factors. According to the results, the teaching university should be based on the basic principles that form the foundation of the teaching organization. The results of the effects of internal and external factors on the organization is the teaching of knowledge creation and research and development of new knowledge in the organization, which as a result of the interaction of these consequences, knowledge sharing occurs in the organization.

The main purpose of research is to design and validate the open innovation model in the university. To achieve this goal, a sequential combined exploratory method has been used. The research methodology is the use of a mixed approach. In the qualitative stage, using the data theory of the foundation and through semi-structured interviews and interviews with ten experts and researchers of open innovation who were selected theoretically. Data were collected and using the Strauss and Corbin systematic design of open innovation components in the form of a conceptual data model of the foundation. A questionnaire and a preliminary model were designed based on the findings of the qualitative stage. After assessing the validity (Lavache) and Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0/85, a questionnaire was designed to 364 professors of mother universities using the proportional stratified sampling method. Findings show that the components of open innovation presented in the systematic design using Amos24 software The first and second order confirmatory factor analysis methods were validated Factor loads of all components are greater than 0/4 and t values ​​are greater than 1/96 The results indicate an acceptable fit for all components presented in the systematic design.

The aim of this study was to compare decision-making styles and academic boredom in students with and without special learning disabilities. The statistical population of this study included all male students enrolled in the Learning Disabilities Center of Meshginshahr in the academic year of 2019-2020. 30 people were selected by available sampling method and also 30 normal students were selected in a multi-stage cluster and matched with the learning disability group according to the demographic characteristics of age and gender and as a comparison group in Participated in this study. Two groups individually and with the presence of the researcher to decision style questionnaires. Academic boredom responded. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) test. The results showed that students with learning disabilities in the mean scores of rational decision style (F = 9.988), intuitive decision style (F = 6.493), dependent decision style (F = 7.209), decision style Instant withdrawal (F = 10.503) and academic boredom (F = 10.149) are significantly different from the normal group. According to these results, from a practical point of view, it is recommended to hold training workshops on teaching problem-solving strategies and creating motivation to reduce academic boredom by school counselors and psychologists.

Purpose of present research was to identify the factors affecting the effectiveness of educational leaders in multi-grade schools in Guilan province. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population of the study includes all teachers of multi-grade primary schools in Guilan province with 1945 people. Based on Morgan table, a sample of 322 people was selected by stratified random sampling method. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and reliability was obtained using Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. SPSS software and exploratory factor analysis were used to analyze the data. Based on the results, the factors affecting the effectiveness of educational and training leaders were summarized in eight factors, respectively: the personal and personality traits of the leader; Supervision and guidance; Technical knowledge and skills of the leader; Constructive and participatory atmosphere of the school; Motivate and support colleagues; effective communication; Growth and empowerment of colleagues; Environmental and contingent conditions of the school. Which in total explain 73.32% of the total variance. Among these factors, the personal and personality traits of the leader with 11.15% have the largest share in the effectiveness of educational leaders. Therefore, those who seek effective supervision and leadership in education should consider these factors.

The main purpose of this research is to design an open university paradigm model based on the open innovation paradigm which has been done by the foundation data method.

The data collection tool is a structured and semi-structured interview with 10 experts and researchers in this field who were selected by theoretical sampling method. In this research, the paradigm model of open university innovation has been designed using the data theory approach of the foundation. Based on the interviews, 446 key points, 130 open codes, 26 pivot codes, and 6 selection codes were extracted based on systematic approach variables.

According to the research findings, the central category or phenomenon in question is "open university innovation". Causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervention factors, strategies and consequences of open university innovation have been identified and introduced.

According to the research findings, the structures related to causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening factors, strategies and consequences have been identified and introduced to the charter of use of universities in order to move towards open innovation.

The aim of the current research is to investigate the structural relationships of mental health based on virtual network dependence mediated by parental supervision style in high school students. According to the purpose, application and method of this research, the correlation is of structural equation modeling type. The statistical population of the research included the secondary school students in the city of Langrood in the academic year 2020-2021. The number of samples was assigned based on Klein’s rule of 220 people using the available sampling method. After data collection, 173 questionnaires, including 79 girls and 94 boys, were analyzed. The research instruments included Mental Health Questionnaires (GHQ), Addiction to Social Networks (SNA), and parents’ Supervisory Style (SKSS). The structural equation modeling method and Smart pls3 software were used for data analysis. The results showed that social network dependency was negatively and significantly related to mental health and parents’ supervision style. The research results indicate a positive significant relationship between parents’ supervision style and mental health. Moreover, parents’ supervision style may play a mediating role in the relationship between virtual network addiction and mental health. Therefore, social network addiction may increase the risk of depression and anxiety in teenagers. This problem has implications for teen mental health. Lack of adequate parental control leads to problems such as isolation, moral decline, aggression, and anxiety in teenagers.

Organizational managers seek to discover and implement the best management practices, and talent management is a suitable option to help them. The implementation of the talent management process in organizations means that organizations must identify their competent and talented employees (talent identification), take development measures such as providing training and experience opportunities for these talents (talent development) and finally can have these talents. For long-term programs (talent retention).Talent development is one of the main and important dimensions of talent management, which is related to measures such as appreciation and compensation of services, providing training and experience opportunities, mapping career path, developing the capacity and individual and collective capabilities of employees, and so on. Talent Development By emphasizing program development, selection, and implementation of a development strategy for all organizational talents, it ensures that the organization has enough talent now and in the future to achieve its strategic goals. Therefore, managers must have a specific management strategy and development plans, because the task of creating a suitable platform for training and development of organizational talents is the responsibility of managers.In this regard, attention and investment to improve the competencies, talents, skills and abilities of employees, competent management, development of correct and needs-based program, development of content-oriented content and the accurate implementation of these programs to achieve employee development is recommended.In education, despite the fact that this institution has different conditions than commercial organizations, but in the field of attracting, retaining and developing talents, empowering and strengthening the skills of teachers, there is competition. It can be said that the success of educational organizations depends on the level of talent and their development, and the failure of these organizations is due to their poor leadership and management.It should be noted that the growth and development of societies is due to changes in their educational system and a fundamental change in the country's educational system requires the effective use of resources and facilities, proper use of organizational talents and the development of these talents. Lack of self-specific talent model on the one hand and lack of awareness of the conditions and reality in the education organization on the other hand has led to the failure of talent management planning in this organization.The component of talent development independently has not been studied much in educational organizations. There is a serious shortage in the development of talented manpower in primary school and the talents of teachers have been neglected. It has also been argued that despite the lack of knowledge on the component of talent development, evidence suggests that organizations are designing their own talent development processes. Therefore, the present study was conducted to design a model for developing the talent of primary school teachers.This research is an exploratory research in terms of nature and from the perspective of purpose, it is an applied research and of qualitative and phenomenological studies.The statistical population includes sample teachers of the last three years, administrators, education experts and university professors. The selection of the statistical sample was based on the purposeful sampling method and on the people who have the most knowledge and information about the research topic. In the present study, after interviewing 20 participating experts, the topics were theoretically saturated.Qualitative research data were analyzed through a coding process based on the systematic design of foundation data theory (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). For the validity and reliability of the main and sub-concepts and categories as well as the proposed model has been evaluated and approved using the following two

1- Validity evaluation in a communication method in which the main and sub-concepts and categories are extracted and The inference was reviewed by the participants in the interview and their opinions were taken into account. 2- By consulting experts, experts and professors of educational management, the categories have been reviewed several times, some rare concepts have been removed.The analysis of the findings of this research shows that the competencies of talents (knowledge, attitude, and ability) are the central phenomenon of the research, and the influencing factors include 1- the development of organizational knowledge, such as organizational trainings upon entry of employees for their organizational socialization and on-the-job trainings for Updating teachers' skills 2- The process of effective communication with the theme of facilitating the circulation and transfer of information for the purpose of knowledge management is affected. Also, the effective causal factors including 1- managerial factors (compensation for services and teachers' commitment to development) and 2- organizational factors (decentralization in order to delegate more authority and positive budgeting approach in order to resolve financial concerns) were introduced in the form of causal factors affecting the central category of the research.The necessary basis for this effective strategy is the strategic intelligence of the organization. This means that if the organization has a specific program to provide welfare services and support to employees as well as positive orientations to facilitate organizational learning; It will be possible to implement a performance management strategy. Also, adopting a school-based approach (participation, financial independence, appointing competent principals and delegating decisions to the school) is an intervention factor that can strengthen or weaken the talent development strategy.The results indicate that the strategy of establishing performance management in action and reaction with contextual and environmental factors will lead to organizational excellence. Organizational excellence means achieving the individual development of teachers and enhancing their capabilities and abilities, followed by the development of organizational achievements.achieving organizational goals requires the ability to motivate employees. The excellence of the Education Organization depends on the employment of elites, the training and development of these talents, the continuous evaluation of teachers 'performance and the award of certificates of teaching competence, the improvement of the quality of teaching and, in general, the promotion of teachers' professional capacity. Achieving such a level requires the implementation of the talent management process, including the identification and recruitment, training and development and retention of talents.Determining the level of teachers 'competence using appropriate tools, planning for education according to the level of competence of individuals and facilitating the flow of information are important measures that, if aligned with the organizational strategy, will lead to the empowerment and development of teachers' talents.- If the training, improvement and development of human resources is the focus of future plans, the result will definitely be the success and excellence of the education organization.- The successful planning and implementation of development programs will be guaranteed if it is accompanied by consultation with teachers and their participation. Therefore, a participatory approach is recommended.

 Achieving organizational goals depends on the proper use of human resources and paying attention to the professional ethics of employees along with professional development is a necessity of human resource management. Therefore, the present study has been conducted with the aim of discovering the components of using talents and its role in the professional ethics of primary school teachers in Ardabil.

 The present study was conducted by mixed method (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population of the research in the qualitative stage of the elite consisted of managers and teachers of the last three years, primary education experts and university professors. 20 of them were interviewed by purposive sampling method with theoretical saturation. In order to extract the components, design the model and formulate the questionnaire, the qualitative data were coded in three stages (open, central and selective coding). In the quantitative section, out of 1632 primary school teachers in Ardabil, 320 people were selected using a Morgan table by multi-stage sampling method and selection categories and questionnaires were distributed among them. Quantitative data were analyzed using the structural equation method in Smart PLS 2.

Ethical Considerations: 

In writing this article, honesty and fidelity have been observed.

 Findings showed that the components of talent utilization including manpower supply, intelligence of organizational goals and educational facilities through the strategy of establishing talent management have a positive and significant effect on teachers' professional ethics. The Aston-Geiser Q2 predictor correlation index also showed that the proposed structural model is of good quality.

 According to the research results, it can be said that the use of talents by attracting talented and interested people and by applying the necessary strategies and fields for the optimal use of these talents can have a very important impact on promoting and improving the professional ethics of primary school teachers.

The purpose of this study was to predict mental health of students based on the hope, life satisfaction and self-esteem variables with the mediating role of cognition, metacognition, and motivation for progress.

The research method was correlational and 256 students were selected through randomized multistage cluster sampling. They answered the questionnaire of hope, life satisfaction, self-esteem, general health, cognition, metacognition, and progression motivation.

Findings showed that the standardized coefficient is the path of direct effects of hope, life satisfaction and self-esteem with cognition, metacognition, progress motivation and mental health, and the direct effects of cognition, metacognition, and progress motivation with mental health are significant at 0.01 alpha level (p 0/01). Also, the indirect coefficient related to the hope, life satisfaction and self-esteem relationship with mental health by variables of cognition, metacognition and progress motivation are at 0.01alpha level.

In general, findings show the effect of hope, life satisfaction and self-esteem in promoting cognitive, metacognitive and student motivation for achieving mental health.

Addictive use of mobile phones has profoundly altered human thinking habits and has also affected people's behavioral and psychosocial adjustment. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of spiritual health in the relationship between emotional intelligence and mobile phone addiction.

The method used in the present study is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all the high school students in Ardabil public schools in the academic year of 2019. Out of them, a sample of 250 students was randomly selected by multi-stage cluster sampling, who answered the questionnaires on cell phone addiction, emotional intelligence, and spiritual health. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and structural relationship modeling. In this study, all ethical considerations were observed and no conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

The results of correlation coefficient showed that mobile phone addiction has a negative relationship with the total score of emotional intelligence and its components and with spiritual health. Spiritual health is also positively related to the overall score of emotional intelligence and the components of awareness and self-motivation. Model fit indices also confirmed the effect of emotional intelligence on mobile phone addiction mediated by spiritual health.

The findings reinforce the hypothesis that spiritual health can be a protective factor in adolescents and help them reduce the negative symptoms associated with Internet and smartphone use. The results of these findings can be used to prevent Internet-related psychological incompatibility and problematic use of smartphones in adolescents.

Adolescence is a critical period for the onset of addiction and psychological disorders. This study aimed to determine the path analysis model of tendency to addiction based on a sense of coherence with the mediation of emotion regulation difficulties in adolescents.

In this descriptive study, the statistical population consisted of all male secondary school students studying in public schools in Ardabil city in the academic year of 2019-2020. From this community, a sample of 200 people was randomly selected by multistage random sampling method and answered the questionnaires of tendency to use drugs, emotion regulation difficulties, and a sense of coherence. The obtained data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test and path analysis modeling.

The results showed that the tendency to addiction was negatively correlated with the total score of sense of cohesion (r=-0.42, p<0.001), components of perceptibility (r=-0.41, p<0.001), controllability (r=-0.18, p<0.05), and significance (r= -0.38, p<0.001), and positively correlated with the total score of difficulty in emotion regulation (r=0.62, p<0.001). Also difficulty in regulating emotion was negatively related to the total score of sense of cohesion (r=-0.28, p<0.001), perceptual components (r=-0.26, p<0.001), and significance (r=-0.35, p<0.001). Model fit indices also confirmed the effect of sense of cohesion on the tendency to addiction with mediation of difficulty in emotion regulation.

According to the results of this study, in terms of application, it is recommended to hold educational workshops in the field of addiction and its side effects by teaching emotion management to adolescent students by school counselors and mental health planners.

Psychological well-being, meaning cognitive and emotional evaluations of one's life, which is one of the components of positive psychology, is of particular importance in students' behavior today. Therefore, recognizing the factors affecting it plays a crucial role in enhancing students 'psychological well-being. The present study aims at predicting students' psychological well-being based on the components of spiritual intelligence and a sense of coherence. The present study is applied as well as descriptive/correlational research in terms of purpose and in terms of the nature and method respectively. Based on the Morgan Table, a sample of 248 of Bilesavar Moghan Azad University students in the academic year 2019-2020 is randomly selected. Sense of Coherence Questionnaire, Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) and Psychological Well-being Questionnaire are employed for data collection. Pearson correlation coefficient and regression are used for analysis data. The results show that there is a significant and positive relationship between spiritual intelligence as well as sense of coherence and students' psychological well-being; this means that whenever spiritual intelligence as well as sense of coherence increase, there is also improvement in psychological well-being. Spiritual intelligence can be a good predictor of psychological well-being and mental health. The spiritual tendency in life prevents a person from doing wrong and showing unacceptable behavior; it can ensure person’s mental health.

Work Engagement is one of the most important issues in the field of job control and organizational commitment and is a very effective factor in individual self-control, innovative behaviors and job alteration. On the other hand, research reports indicate a decrease in job enthusiasm and the prevalence of destructive ethics and job exhaustion in Iranian organizations. This indicates the necessity to pay more attention to the issue of job motivation. In this regard, researchers in this study look for designing a model consisting of factors affecting job motivation and discover the structural relationships between those factors using the method of structural equations. The present research method is a descriptive correlation type based on structural equation modeling. Accordingly, 190 employees (staff) were selected from 392 person using krejcie Morgan sample table and available sampling method. The results of the structural part of the studied model show that a promising and strong organizational culture can be directly and indirectly an effective and powerful factor in raising the professional ethics and job motivation of employees.

The purpose of this study was to predict academic motivation based on self-directed learning and information literacy. This is an applied research in terms of purpose and correlational in terms of the nature. The population consisted of all second-grade students in Ardabil city in the academic year of 2017-2018. Out of them, 360 students (180 girls and 180 boys) were selected by multi-stage random sampling. To collect data, Williamson's self-administered questionnaires and Ali and McAurren's motivation questionnaire and Siamak Davar Panah information literacy questionnaires were used. Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS-20 software. The results showed that there is a significant direct relationship between information literacy and self-directed learning with academic motivation; Information literacy also had the ability to predict academic motivation (p <0.01); This predictive capability has also been significant for self-directed learning. It can be concluded that by teaching self-directed learning skills and strengthening information literacy as an effective variable in the elements of learning and teaching students to increase students' academic motivation and academic achievement.