جلال نیکوکاران

Patients who receive liver transplant will face various limitations and challenges during their lives, of which they often do not have enough information,  affecting their life quality. The use of health applications is increasing. The aim of this study is to identify the educational needs for designing an application program for liver transplant patients.

This was an applied and descriptive study. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity and reliability were checked and confirmed. The research community was gastroenterology and liver specialists, and 18 people were purposefully selected from among the specialists working in the liver clinic of Motahari and Abu Ali Sina Organ Transplant Hospital in Shiraz. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics with SPSS version 23.

Educational items were determined in the form of 10 main axes. The results showed that among the main concepts of the disease, most of the necessary cases were recognized. However, items including liquids, types of exercise, skin cancer, cytomegalovirus symptoms, swallowing stimulants and spicy substances, and correct brushing were not deemed necessary.

Educational needs in the form of transplant drugs, nutrition, exercise, cancer, cytomegalovirus, gastrointestinal complications after liver transplantation, diabetes, oral and dental care, motherhood, and sexual needs were determined. Considering the emphasis on the patients participation in their health and the use of a practical program, determining the educational needs of transplant patients increases awareness and better management of the disease.

Happiness is one of the most effective factors in economic, cultural, social, and political development in a society that reduces family problems, divorce, increased academic achievement, job engagement, and production. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and happiness variables with some demographic variables among a group of students.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 371 students from Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences who met the inclusion criteria and selected by simple random sampling method in 2018-2019. The data were collected using Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI) and General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE). Data analysis was performed by SPSS23 using student t-test, one way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation tests.

The mean age of the subjects was 22.23 ±2.95 years, the mean score of happiness was 28.65 ±14.81, and the mean score of self-efficacy was 60.5 ± 9.44. The variables of age, sex, and education were significantly associated with happiness (P <0.05). Self-efficacy was also significantly associated with age, sex, marital status, and educational level (P <0.05).

Some demographic variables are effective in happiness and self-efficacy in students. In order to promote mental health and the importance of happiness in students, it is recommended to assess these variables, and then take appropriate planning strategy.

Healthy and nutritional habits are formed and consolidated during adolescence. So this research has been done in Ardakan-Yazd province on high school students' attitude to fast food use. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 200 students have been chosen by stratified sampling method and the data was collected by a questionnaire which approved its reliability and validity. All the descriptive data has been analyzed by SPSS 16 software through Chi-square experiment and ANOVA tests. The results of the experiment determined that 55% of the students were female, and 93% were single. The students' BMI was as follow: 22% thin (BMI< 18.5) 56% normal (18.5≤ BMI< 25) 14.5% overweight (25≤ BMI< 30) 6.5% fat (obese) (BMI ≥30).The female has a positive attitude to fast foods (P= 0.03). The mean attitude score for eating fast food in 17-18 years old group was more than 15-16 years old students (P= 0.001). The mean attitude score also showed that the single students were more eager to eat fast foods than the married students (P= 0.001) Most of the people who use fast foods are low educated, teenagers, youth and singles. On the other hand, social media like TV and radio and family has a significant effect on correct nutritional habits. So improving family's attitudes and educating students and teachers by social media can help in transferring data to the students and their teachers.

The positive effects of milk consumption among young people include increasing bone density, reducing the incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes and improving body mass index (BMI). However, less than 40% of 20- 29 year-old young adults often receive daily adequate amounts of milk. This study aimed to determine the role of attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control to predict milk consumption in students of Yazd University of Medical Sciences.
This cross-sectional study was carried out on 385 students of Yazd University of Medical Sciences who were selected by Multi-stage sampling. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire in two sections: demographic information and planned behavior theory constructs which were assessed for validity and reliability. The data analyzed by SPSS18 using descriptive statistics, Spearman Correlation and multivariate regression analysis.
The age range of participants was 18-38 years. From 385 samples participated in the study, 65.2 percent were female and 18.4 percent were male. In this study, attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control could explain 14% of variance of intention (p The theory of planned behavior construct is an appropriate theoretical framework for study of milk consumption behavior among college students and can be used to improve student's health.

Heart disease - a disease pandemic and the leading cause of death worldwide and is Iran and a healthy heart and prevent cardiovascular disease not only reduces pain, suffering and disability of millions And prevent waste of resources and increase productivity, economic growth and prosperity is Therefore, it became effective teaching methods and educational pamphlet on knowledge, attitude and performance of public facilities in Yazd We compared the risk of cardiovascular disease.
An interventional study (field trial) is in 1390 over 160 people from Yazd Employees of government agencies (educational intervention in 79 educational videos and pamphlets in 81 others) having been conducted. The questionnaire collected information on the reliability and validity as it was approved in two stages before and two months after the delivery of educational films and pamphlets, data collection and after data entry in SPSS software using statistical tests, T-test, Chi square and Pearson correlation were analyzed.
The results of this study, the mean differences in knowledge, attitude and practice of education in both training groups was not significant (PConsidering that both teaching methods and educational pamphlet on knowledge, attitude and performance Have an impact on how the video was their attitude and performance, Both can be concluded that an effective way of improving knowledge, attitude and practice about risk factors for cardiovascular disease is The movie is recommended educational programs as well as office automation through the network be used CD.

Efficiency indicators are the most important ways to measure hospitals performance, but the individual application of these indicators can result in misleading hospital performance measurement. The application of simultaneous indicators can eliminate many problems in the case of hospital performance measurement; therefore, through using Pabon Lasso Model, the indicators at university- affiliated and university-nonaffiliated hospitals were assessed simultaneously. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 hospitals of Yazd Province during 1391. The sample consisted of 13 university-affiliated and 7 university-nonaffiliated hospitals. Data were prepared by the University treatment assistant and then three indicators including Bed Occupancy Rate (BOR), Bed Turnover (BTO) and Average Length of Stay (ALS) were simultaneously assessed through Pabon Lasso Model. Pabon Lasso Model includes 4 areas in which among 12 university- affiliated hospitals, 3 cases (25%) were in the first area, 2 cases (16%) in the second, 5 cases (33.3%) in the third and 3 cases (25%) in the fourth, and among 7 nonaffiliated ones, 3 cases (42.8%) were in the first area, 1 case (14.3%) in the second, 2 cases (28.6%) in the third and 1 case (14.3%) in the fourth. The country hospitals in comparison with those in Yazd, and university-based comparing to non-university-based hospitals were centrally placed in the third area of efficiency. In this regard, it is essential that contemplation in available methods considers resource allocation and proposing new ways for Yazd and non-university based hospitals.

Nowadays, EQ is of a high importance in the different aspects of people’s life. Specifically 80 percent of people's success in different stages of their life is related to their EQ and only 20% is related to their IQ. Marriage happiness, which could be affected by EQ, is a very important factor in this issue. Hence, this survey aims at the relation between EQ and marriage happiness. The method used in this survey is descriptive-analytic. All the 101828 married couples in Yazd city make the statistical population. Based on Morgan and Grajes table, 388 people were randomly selected using cluster sampling. Data were collected using two types of questionnaire, Shring’s EQ questionnaire and Inrich’s marriage happiness questionnaire. Descriptive and deductive statistics, such as Pearson correlation coefficient, were used for data analysis. In this survey, 63.5% of subjects were female and 36.5% were male. Subjects’ level of education was from lower than diploma to higher than masters, of which, 50.5% had diploma or lower degrees. 49.5% were self employed. 43.6% were between 25 to 35 years old (the goup with the highest frequency). 61.6% have been married during the past 10 years. The results show that there is a meaningful relation between EQ and marriage happiness. There also exist a meaningful relation between the components of EQ (empathy, understanding emotions, self-control and social skills) and marriage happiness(P=0.01). In some cases, there was meaningful relation between demographic variables and EQ and marriage happiness, too. Since there exist meaningful relation between EQ and marriage happiness and some other variables, therefore, EQ improves and energizes family relations and is considered as an important factor. Therefore improving young peoples’ EQ, by training them, will improve their personal relationships and later will result in a happy marriage.