جمال الدین طبیبی

The Special Economic Zone of Asalouyeh South Pars and Abadan Oil Refinery are among the areas that have provided the process of industrialization and development; the ground for developments in various economic, social, cultural, political, environmental and other fields. Despite the increasing impact of the oil and gas industry, as the national capital of the country, on the economic situation, attention to the impact of these industries in the field of culture and its dimensions should not be ignored. In fact, what's happening in industrial development is not just the change of industrial and economic patterns, but the culture, its values, and its dimensions also change.

In this regard, the present research has adopted a multidimensional and comprehensive approach to cultural change, and the overall purpose of the research is to explain the impact of the development of oil and gas industry on cultural evolutions.

The statistical population of this study is all 15-60 year old people living in Asalooieh and Abadan in 2016. The research method is exploratory, descriptive, correlation and non-inferential statistical methods such as standard deviation, mean, Pearson correlation coefficient and cluster sampling have been employed.

The findings of the research indicate that due to the interconnection of industry and tradition in the region of Asalouyeh and Abadan, we have witnessed a kind of cultural breakdown that, due to the development of the oil and gas industry in Asalouyeh and Abadan, has dramatically changed cultural values, religious beliefs, family culture, patterns of marriage

Nowadays, industrial design has allocated a special place to itself in the field of products marketing and development, both at national and international levels. Advertising can be a connection bridge between company and customers, the customers are fully identified and the messages of the company are effectively transmitted to them. The purpose of the present research is to present an effective advertising model for companies with an industrial design unit. Therefore, the present research is descriptive-analytical with the Inductive approach and the collection of required data was performed based on the library and document mining study, and also considering the comparative comparison of four domestic industrial design companies with four foreign industrial design companies. Based on this comparison, 82 effective advertising indicators were identified. Using content analysis method, their similar and different aspects were addressed and using MAXQDA software, the difference, similarity, evidences, and foundations of each one of these desired phenomena are explained, and 40 indices with the highest frequency that have not yet been used by Iranian industrial design companies were classified into four categories such as customer relationship, marketing, products and services, and announcements,and a model was designed based on them. Finally, some suggestions based on the research findings were presented.The result is that, for a dynamic and effective advertising, the Iranian industrial design companies require to employ the novel approaches which most of the superior companies utilize to compete and even to proceed in the market. To this end, some suggestions are offered.

Adolescence is in fact a transition from childhood to adulthood. The health of adolescents and youth is very important given the large percentage of the population in each country. The purpose of this study was to determine the health status of adolescents and youth in Iran and some selected countries.

In a systematic review comparative study, all articles published during the last two decades (2019-2000) in Persian and English in the field of adolescent and youth health 10-24 years, in Iran and Selected countries were evaluated on the basis of macro-economic indicators. This information is provided through the SID, Iran Medex, Iran Doc, Magi Ran, PubMed, Ovid, Science Direct, Google Scholar CINAHL was obtained using keywords, Health Status, Adolescent, Youth, Health Status. For data collection, a "Data Extraction Form" designed based on the purpose of the study was used.

The search resulted in 103 internal and external articles related to the subject, 83 of which were excluded due to lack of inclusion criteria and eventually 20 were included in the study. Among adolescents and young people in Iran, the prevalence of physical health problems is 33%, mental health is 17% to 72% in different regions and the prevalence of high risk behaviors is 44%. Among the selected countries, the least prevalent health problems among adolescents and youth were in Australia and the highest in the United States.

Comparing the health status of adolescents and youth in Iran and selected countries showed that the health status of adolescents and youth is a serious problem and the health of this age group is not sufficiently considered. It is suggested that policy making be carried out to optimize the management structure, health of adolescents and youth in Iran.

The importance of the role of nursing managersin the effectiveness of patient care and improvement of the nursing care quality is undeniable. In this regard, existence of identical criteria and instructions in nursing care management is crucial. Therefore, the present study was conducted to present a model for selection, recruitment, and training nursing managers. This descriptive-comparative study was carried out in 2017. The study population included common and available models in selecting, training, and employing nursing managers in the UK, the USA, Canada, Turkey, Australia, and Iran. The keywords used were nursing manager, recruitment, selection, and training. Information was collected through online databases, library resources, and other electronic or paper journals. To verify the suggested model, a 50-item questionnaire based on selection, recruitment, and training nursing managers was developed in the second stage of the study. The data analysis method was content analysis. In the second stage, SPSS 21 and Z Test were used for statistical analysis of the findings and for each question, respectively. The findings of the study are presented in three sections including selection, training, and recruitment of nursing managers. In the final model, 30 factors were identified as factors influencing the selection, training, and recruitment of nursing managers. Academic qualifications, professional qualifications of individuals, individual characteristics, human skills of qualified people, management skills of qualified individuals, and ethical qualifications of qualified individuals are among the characteristics that were approved in the present study to select a nursing manager. To train the nursing managers, we can use curricula and hold training courses and congresses in the health sector. In order to employ nursing managers, it is important to pay attention to the role of managers in strategic plans. The need for paying attention to appropriate administrative structures, effective teaching methods, human resources, laws and regulations, and assessment considering the principles of nursing should be taken into consideration in selecting, training, and recruiting nursing managers.

Background and "Organizing and Direction of operations" are important aspects of operational planning. One of the problems in management of hospitals is the lack of on time and correct organization and direction of operations for operational planning. This study has been conducted to evaluate the effect of organization and direction of operations on operational planning in hospitals in 2013-14 in Iran.
In this applied study, in which revisal, comparative , quantitative methods has been used, the theoretical models of operational planning were examined through Library Studies, and after determining the variables of different models of operational planning, a questionnaire was developed. A survey from 176 experts from academic and administrates of hospitals was carried out as well. The data was collected. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis was performed as well.
The effect of the “Organization of planning team " and "Direction of planning team" on operational planning in hospitals based on factor analysis of regression coefficients were estimated to be 0.761 and 0.916. Also in the results obtained from the survey from the experts, the question of "Formation of operational planning team and determining of their duties" with the mean of 4.60 and "Recognition of strategic problems and prioritizing them" with the mean of 4.31 have been the highest score. In factor analysis with varimax method, the questions of the “Collecting, protecting and analysis of data related to operational planning " and "Formation team that directs and supervises the plans performance process" with 0/628 and 0/797 have the highest score, respectively.
The use of appropriate and correct recognition of organization and direction of operations can improve the performance of operational planning in hospital.

Designing a governance model for Iran''s public hospitals Hospital governance، notably، public hospital governance (PHG) is a distinct area of research that few researches have addressed this issue so far. The purpose of this study was to investigate and design a sound model for public hospital''s governance in Iran. We used a mixed method covering both direct observation and semi-structured interviews. The interviewees were thirty Iranian health experts who were selected by a snowball sampling approach. The finding of the study came up with introducing several theoretical dimensions and sub- dimensions for the concept of public hospital governance، thus، proposing a sound model for (PHG) in Iran. The model that emerged from this research، may be used to meet the challenges Iran''s policy-makers and administrators are confronting in the health and hospital administration of the country. Furthermore، by presenting a range of sub-dimensions، it will advance the theoretical and conceptual framework for public hospital governance.

In the absence of medical facilities in Social Security Organization (SSO) hospitals in provinces, the patients will be dispatched to Tehran. This will dissatisfaction and intellectual and emotional tensions and imposes a lot of costs upon SSO for dispatching the patients. The objective of this study is to compare franchise elimination of medical services in hospitals in contract with social security organization in Provinces with costs of patients dispatching to Tehran. The study was done as retrospective and analytical research. The neurosurgical patients dispatched to Tehran were selected for the study (using the census method). The data were collected in information forms. Research finding were analyzed by SPSS software. Among studied provinces, Khuzestan province, with 233 cases, had the highest frequency ofpatients dispatched and Zanjan and Golestan provinces with 2 cases had the lowest frequency. There was a significant difference between average of dispatching costs paid by SSO and the average franchise paid by patients (p<0.001) such that patients dispatching cost was higher than the franchise paid by patients. There was also no significant difference between average dispatching costs and franchise margin among studied provinces. Considering the fact that cost of studied dispatching patients was higher than the franchise paid by them in exchange of medical services from hospitals in contract with SSO, elimination of medical services` franchise and treatment of patients in their provinces could decrease in the SSO costs compared with dispatching them to Tehran.

Patient safety is one of the most important issues in health care systems of developed countries. This study attempted to develop strategies and preventive measures for medical errors in public hospitals in Tehran. This is a descriptive survey in which the population included all process owners (12 person teams) of public hospitals in Tehran. The sample size was 396 individuals selected by stratified sampling. A questionnaire was used for data collection. Following the data collection, factor analysis was used to analyze the data. The process owners (12 person teams), acknowledged the use of 12 strategies, accounted for 48.24% of the total variance, to prevent medical errors. The most and the least powerful strategies were related to human resources management and teamwork with the percentages of 7.81 and 1.93% respectively. The public hospitals in Tehran can improve the quality of clinical services by applying preventive measures, especially in the area of human resources management, through persuading health service providers to take an initial diagnostic test and to participate in periodic competency and empowerment courses.

The Medical Errors and the potential unsafe actions are always regarded as a serious trouble by the managers and health care providers. Using the employee's attitude data as a measurement criterion in the evaluation of the hospitals performance in the field of the “Safety” can improve the safety level among the personnel and patients. Survey of employee's attitude about safety and its comparison with different groups of offering health services in a teaching Hospital was the main objective of present study. Procedure: In order to specify patient safety culture in Moddares hospital, all employees including physicians, nurses, managers and employees of Para-clinic, a volume sample consisting of 212 persons were selected. Then it was used from questionnaire of safety attitude within 6 dimensions including Teamwork climate, Safety climate, perceptions of Management, Job Satisfaction, Working Conditions and Stress Recognition. At first this questionnaire was gone under assessing validity and trust. The scale of measuring, Likert was 5 grades. In order to specify difference between groups under study it was used from ANOVA test.

Positive safety culture within 6 dimensions including Teamwork Climate, Safety climate, Job Satisfaction, Stress Recognition, Perception of Management, Working Conditions for doctors were 3, 4.13, 17.4, 0, 4.3, and 8.7 respectively; the aforesaid Dimensions for nurses were 19, 2.6, 10.3, 7.8, 2.6 and 15.5 respectively, the aforesaid Dimensions for managers were 30.3, 6.1, 33.3, 0, 18.2 and 21.2 respectively and the aforesaid Dimensions for employees of Para-clinic Were 50, 12.5, 25, 12.5, 10 and 37.5 respectively. There was Significant difference from View Point of statistics (p<0.5) from Dimensions of Job satisfaction among managers and nurses, employees of Para-clinic and nurses this difference Were zero and 0.001. From View Point of Stress recognition among managers and employees of Para-clinic, managers and nurses, employees of Para-clinic and doctors were 0.062, 0.022 and 0.047 and from View Point of Perceptions of management the level of this difference among managers and nurses was 0.002. Meanwhile all employees under study had similar View Point toward teamwork Climate, safety Climate and Working Conditions.

It recommended that health services managers and employees improve patient safety culture in their organizations and in order to can use of: to show senior leadership's willingness to safety, Developing a system for event reporting and Improving teamwork.