جهانگیر کریمیان

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has harmed the health dimensions of people, especially nurses who were at the forefront of fighting this disease. Undoubtedly, they endure a lot of work pressure in these conditions, which can affect different aspects of their health. The present study was designed and implemented to investigate the stress, anxiety, and depression of nurses caring for patients with COVID-19 in Isfahan, Iran, and its relationship with spiritual well-being and demographic variables.

This cross-sectional study was a descriptive-analytical one, conducted on 297 nurses who met the inclusion criteria working in the clinical wards of COVID-19 hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The data collection instrument included Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42), and Paloutzian and Ellison Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS). The data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and analytic statistics.

More than one-third of nurses (35.3%) and about one-third of them (27.2%) had significant levels of anxiety and depression. The results of the Pearson test showed that there was an inverse and significant statistical relationship between the stress, anxiety, and depression of nurses working in the COVID-19 wards with spiritual well-being.

According to the results of the present study, it seems that attention and strengthening of the spiritual dimension of nurses in crises, along with financial and union support, will improve the mental health of nurses and consequently, will improve the service process for patients.

Brand is one of the most important intangible assets that has been recently noticed. A brand is like a floating iceberg; you can only see a small part of it floating above the surface of the water, which represents the things that have been associated with the brand over time; but the important parts that indicate the strength of the brand are out of sight and underwater. The purpose of this study was to model the factors affecting the branding of personality traits of sports volunteers in Iranian university sports events.

The research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical in terms of goal method, and mixed exploratory research (quantitative and qualitative) in terms of implementation method.The interview process continued until the data reached theoretical saturation, with 15 interviews with experts, including sports event organizers, people who have volunteered at university sports events, and professors with personal branding experience.The statistical community consisted of qualitative experts, including organizers of sporting events, professionals who have volunteered and been promoted to academic sporting events, and professors who have worked in the field of personal branding. The statistical population in a small part included all people who had a history of volunteering in sports and the organizers and officials of sports event committees. The available sampling method was selected and 216 questionnaires were distributed electronically. PLS software was used to evaluate the fit of the path-structural model.

The results of the research model showed that causal conditions, background conditions, and intervening conditions had a positive and significant effect on personality branding of sports volunteers that the share of background conditions with a standard effect coefficient of 0.487 was higher than other factors.

By implementing the swimming strategies from the present study, we can see an increase in self-confidence and promotion of the position of sports volunteers, as well as improvement and efficiency in holding and managing sports events.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of green human resource management on organizational sustainability with respect to the mediating role of motivation and service culture of employees of sports organizations in Fars Province, Iran.

This was an applied research in terms of purpose and a descriptive-survey of correlation type in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the study included the employees of sports organizations in Fars Province (n = 4047). A statistical sample of 395 people was selected using Cochran's method by stratified sampling method. To conduct the research, the standard questionnaires of organizational resources management of Sakhavalkar and Tadani, organizational sustainability of Karkolian et al., Hackman and Oldham motivation, and Danaifar service culture were used. The face and content validity of the questionnaire designed for this study was confirmed by the professors of this field and the reliability was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha for the questionnaires of green resource management, organizational sustainability, motivation, and service culture with values of 0.86, 0.78, 0.85, and 0.96, respectively. Statistical analysis of data was performed using structural equation modeling (SEM).

Green human resource standards with a path coefficient of 0.364 had an effect on sustainability. Moreover, the variable of service culture with a path coefficient of 0.408 had a mediating role in the relationship between green human resources and sustainability, and the variable of motivation did not play a significant role.

According to the results, it can be said that the application of green human resource management in the sports sector can be implemented and serious attention should be paid to its various aspects such as service culture and employee motivation to strengthen sports organizations through sustainable development.

The purpose of this work was to identify and model the factors affecting the branding of the personality traits of the volunteers in the sports events. The approach of the present research work was qualitative, and in terms of purpose, it was a developmental research that was conducted using the grounded theory. The findings showed three factors as the causal conditions, five factors as the contextual conditions, and six factors as the intervening conditions for the branding personality traits of the sports volunteers in the Iranian sporting events. It is suggested that in order to brand the personality of the sports volunteers, great importance should be given to the behaviors of the volunteers, and efforts should be made to promote their individual and social behavior.

the rate of a society`s social capital is doubtless the resultant of the small group`s social capitals which is different among groups of the society. By taking into consideration the people`s knowledge and attitude and also the society`s investment on them, it is expected that groups with different jobs and professions gain benefit different levels of this social variable. The objective of the present study is to analyze the quality and the level of social capital and its factors in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences.

This is an applied and descriptive research which its statistical population includes all faculty members of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (on 2013-2014) which were 670 members. After an introductory study, the sample size was calculated by the use of the Cochran formula as150 members. They have been selected by taking the gender and college variables into consideration based on systematic random sampling and. In order to measure the social capital, the researcher developed questionnaire and Social Capital Assessment Tool Model have been used. Its content and facial validityhas been confirmed by eight expertise majoring sociology and management science. The earned reliability is 94/0. The Analysisof the research`s data has done in two levels of descriptive statistics, include frequency, percentages, tables, and figures) and inferential level include independent and single sample t-test and F-test.

results have shown that the social capital of the faculty members is equal with 3.44 which are more than the mean. Also, “attitude” with the mean of 3.82is having the highest level of social capital from among the seven factors of social capital. Also, there is a significant relationship between faculty member`s social capital based on gender, specialty, academic level, and college variables.

it is impossible to consider the faculty member activities without taking their social status based on society, policies, and economical condition into consideration. Therefor boosting the social capital effectiveness in all university professors` activities is possible. This action can be done either through having an internal relationship like trust, attitude, and social relationship or by including social status positions for faculty members, and having macro planning for such positions.

today, social capital is a need in society. Also, leisure time and physical activities are among the most important productive sources of social capital which has noticed nowadays. This survey studies the relationship between social capital and physical leisure time of faculty members of Esfahan University of Medical Sciences.

descriptive correlation method is used in this study. Two questionnaires are used for data collection. Social capital questionnaire is based on SCOT Model. Also, leisure time questionnaire made by researcher which Face and content validity of it was verified by experts. Reliability coefficients by using Cornbrash’s alpha coefficients were calculated at 0.92 and 0.82 respectively. Sample populations measured by Khan’s Formula, they are 150 people that were selected as sample using multiple cluster sampling by taking the sex and college into consideration as variables.

according to the findings there is a direct relationship between a combination of social capital parameters (include commitment, attitude, trust, participation, mutual relationship, social norm and unity) with the way of spending physical leisure time. (R = 0.0659, P = 0.001). From among the parameters commitment is the only parameter which is significant with Beta coefficient (B = 0.293, P = 0.044) and social norms with Beta coefficient (B = 0.196, P =0.047), but the rest are not significant.

Playing sport and doing physical activities in the leisure time and also taking part in group activities and their membership provide a situation for people to respect the group interests through communication. Such activities can cause the level of social capital and it`s factors to be increased.

Several studies have shown that physical activity and exercise in reducing stress, anxiety, depression and bad mood and increase feelings of revitalization of humor or mental health is associated with. Social work Sport and Physical Education in the development and strengthening social infrastructure and basic functioning of the whole structure of society and the relationships between social strata Vahad significant effects on the leaves. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sport and social capital in leisure time faculty members of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

descriptive correlation method is used in this study. Two questionnaires are used for data collection. Social capital questionnaire is based on SCOT Model. Also, leisure time questionnaire made by researcher which Face and content validity of it was verified by experts. Reliability coefficients by using Cornbrash’s alpha coefficients were calculated at 0.92 and 0.82 respectively. Sample populations measured by Khan’s Formula, they are 150 people that were selected as sample using multiple cluster sampling by taking the sex and college into consideration as variables.

The results showed that the average leisure time physical equivalent of 42/3 and social capital for individuals 3/47, respectively. Regression analysis also showed that the combination of the components of social capital (trust and sharing) the amount and physical recreation are significant. (R =. 602 / P =. /000) and multiple correlation coefficient, which combines elements of social capital and physical recreation. 602 And the ratio of. 362 Is. The index shows that % 36/2 of the variance in scores on physical leisure, social capital can be described by a combination of factors, is the explanation.

Exercise and physical activity in leisure time and Individual participation in group activities and they provide conditions for membership till People interact and communicate with other people and a sense of belonging to the group Collective interests and respect. Such activities can increase the level of social capital and its components, such as, social norms and the participation.

One of the new concepts that have found their true meaning with technological advancement and the industrialization of societies is leisure time and how it is spent. Recreational sports and frequent leisure activities are the most relevant and essential types of spending leisure time. Therefore، this study attempted to examine how faculty members of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences، Iran، spend their leisure time، with emphasis on physical activities.

This was a descriptive study. The study population included all faculty members of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences، which were 670 members. A sample size of 150 was calculated with a preliminary study and using Cochran''s formula. The subjects were chosen by the random stratified sampling method according to variables of gender and School. The data gathering tool was the researcher-made Leisure Questionnaire. The reliability of the questionnaire was 0. 82، which was obtained using Cronbach''s alpha coefficient.

Results showed that research activities with the average of 3. 37 was the first priority، physical activities with 2. 49 the second priority، social and cultural affairs with 2. 25 the third priority، and personal and family affairs with a mean of 1. 89 was the fourth priority of subjects for their pastime (α ≤ 0. 05). Health maintenance، with the average of 3. 94، was the most important motivation to engage in leisure time physical activities. Moreover، there was a significant difference between leisure activities based on gender and work experience.

The amount of leisure time of faculty members was low (x = 3. 44). It seems that society must be informed on the characteristics and methods of community sports and leisure facilities and the necessity to create the appropriate conditions through planning and cultural actions. Moreover، social groups especially the academics should be made aware of the positive effects of healthy leisure and recreational activities.

Breast cancer is considered as the most common as well as most effective malignancy in adult female population. It leads to deep psychological and emotional problems such as depression. Although findings of numerous studies revealed a significant relation between spiritual well-being and depression in cancer patients, some reasons such as paradoxical findings in foreign researches and absence of such a study in Iran encouraged us to design and perform a study to survey the relationship between spiritual well-being and depression in patients with breast cancer who referred to a cancer treatment center in Isfahan, Iran during 2011.

In this analytic study, 223 hospitalized breast cancer patients were selected by simple random sampling. The DASS-42 Inventory and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale were applied to measure depression and spiritual well-being, respectively. Data was analyzed in SPSS18 using statistical methods including independent t-test, Spearman and Pearson's correlation coefficients.

A total number of 223 patients with mean age of 48.6 ± 1.07 years participated in this study. Mean scores of religious aspect and existential aspect of spiritual well-being were 52.25 ± 7.08 and 42.87 ± 9.31, respectively. Mean total score of spiritual well-being was 94.87 ± 14.99. Mean depression score was 12.24 ± 9.58. There was a statistically significant relationship between depression in patients with both existential (P = 0.001; r = -22) and religious (P = 0.001; r = -48) aspects of spiritual well-being. Depression and total score of spiritual well-being were also significantly associated (P < 0.001; r = -41).

Our findings showed that patients with higher mean scores of spiritual well-being were less depressed. Therefore, in cases of refractory diseases such as cancer that affect the body, mind and spirit of patients, nurses could apply a holistic care approach with emphasis on spiritual approach to improve mental health and quality of life.