فهرست مطالب حمیده ثوابی

In recent years , there is more attention to migration from developed areas to un developed areas, so it highlighted the return migration. It can be said , it is a circumstance that individual or individuals selected their own country for residence from where  based on different reasons migrate to their own country or first areas. Aim of this study is recognition motivations of return migration and rates of economic and social changes and development of rural areas. The methodology of this study is based on functional aim and description –analysis nature and its framework based on survey. The requested data gathered from 260 returns migrates of rural of   Ahar at year 96 with using multi-stage cluster sampling method and for investigating gathering data is used document and library and questionaries’ technic. Spss and Anova, correlation test, regression and mean deviation are used for analysis of data. The obtained results of multi and two variables regression are shown that economic motivation of return migrant is most effective variable in rate of changes and developed of rural. Also, having land at rural effects on motivation of return migration, social cooperation and changes and developed of rural area. Using mechanizes and technology methods of agriculture effect on motivation s of migrants and social cooperation and developing rural. With regard to obtained results of multi – regression, economic motivation (36%) has more rate of economic-social development, and at total (52%) rate of rural development is determined by economic motivation of migrants, social cooperation, social motivation of migrants and using modern technology of agriculture.

Iran as a transferring country from aging and developing points of view has quick fertility decline in recent years. Fertility relates to human’s biologic and social conditions. The aim of this study is the recognition of social factors related to tendency to fertility. Using survey, data are obtained from 460 married women 15 to 50 years in Tabriz with multi-stage cluster sampling.  The results show religious belief is one of the most important factors in women’s tendency to fertility. As shown in the results of multi-stage regression, the major part of tendency to fertility is religious belief (21%) and in total, 30%of tendency to fertility is determined by religious belief, ideal child, social capital, and residence period in Tabriz and social status. The obtained data show that women age has maximum effect on fertility and social status has the minimum effect on it. Finally it can be concluded that Bongart, Noshtein, Rang and Beaker’ s theories and also social status theories , religious beliefs and social capital are appropriate in determining the relationship between social factors and tendency to fertility.