فهرست مطالب زهرا ابراهیمی

 Due to the nature of healthcare services, decisions leading to changes in hospital processes are more sensitive. Therefore, managing change in hospitals requires special attention. This study was conducted with the aim of providing a framework for initial stakeholder engagement in hospital change management to improve efficiency.

 This applied study by qualitative method and nominal group technique with a targeted selection of 22 people, including 68% women and 32% men, with an average experience of 8 years ,with leadership experience or involvement in successful change processes in hospitals or relevant research at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences were purposefully selected. In total, eight main sessions and ten smaller sessions were conducted. The sessions were managed using the Potter nominal group technique in five stages: topic clarification, idea generation, idea sharing, discussion, and voting.

 The four main solutions included: 1)examining the acceptance of change in hospitals (including six actions: examining characteristics, history, the culture of change, achievements, related actions, decision-making centers, and examining resistance status in upper-level institutions); 2) stakeholder analysis (including identifying stakeholders, determining their power and interest levels, drawing a matrix, and identifying key stakeholders); 3) examining the level of acceptance by key stakeholders (including disbelief, belief, trust, and confidence levels); 4) engaging key stakeholders with a participatory approach (including using dialogue, deep conversation, and work partnerships).

 Effective change management at the hospital level requires sufficient attention to stakeholder engagement. In this study, the necessity of understanding key stakeholders, considering their acceptance level, and engaging them through appropriate participatory strategies within the organizational culture were emphasized for the success of the initial stakeholder engagement process.

The Celiac National Institute has recently devised a diagnostic algorithm for celiac, which has been adopted from the most recent guidelines and articles worldwide. All Iranian provinces are requested to set all diagnoses based on the newest national protocol devised by the National Institute of Celiac Disease; however, some incompatibilities are observed. Therefore, this study was conducted to demonstrate these incompatibilities.

In this descriptive-analytical study, we enrolled 250 cases of celiac disease referred to the province registry system and revised the diagnosis based on the national protocol for celiac disease diagnosis. All data were analyzed using SPSS software version 26.

Among the 250 patients diagnosed with celiac disease, 88 (35.2%) had incompatibility. The mean age of the patients was 37.19 years. 28 people (31.8 %) were men. Results indicated that in 40.9% of incompatibility cases, only pathology tests were performed, and in 52.3% of incompatibility cases, only serological tests were performed. In 6.8% of cases, both tests were performed, but the diagnosis was indefinite. Pathological results indicated that 0.5% of patients were in Marsh 1, 19% in Marsh 2, 35.7% in 3a, 23.8% in 3b, and 19% in Marsh 3c phases.

There are cases of diagnostic incompatibilities between the most recent national protocol for celiac disease and physicians’ practice. Therefore, it is vital that practitioners are trained with the national protocol for celiac disease diagnosis..

Transtextuality is an approach that examines possible relationships between the text and other texts. Gérard Genet, a famous French literary theorist, and semiotician (2018 AD - 1930 AD), divided transtextuality into five categories: intertextuality, paratextuality, metatextuality, architextuality, and hypertextuality. Gérard Genet’s precision regarding the description of the characteristics of hypertextuality and intertextuality in literary texts provides the possibility for researchers to distinguish these types of texts with a high degree of confidence despite the apparent similarity of poetic evidence-- something that might not have been possible without this theory. Based on an analytical-descriptive research method, the study compares Hossein Monzavi’s ghazals with those of Hafez and Saadi firstly, to explain the extent of his affectedness from their ghazals, regarding each of the above types, and secondly, to reveal the methods that Monzavi noticed in each employment of the classical poets’ ghazals. As the results show, hypertextality is the main arena of Monzavi’s works and performances, especially its transformation type. Then, implicit intertextuality and internal authorial paratextuality are more important.

The Naqtaviyeh movement was one of the powerful religious movements that developed rapidly in Safavid Iran due to its mystical foundations. This descriptive-analytical study shows that a number of nomads who migrated to the Gurkhani court continued the success of this school in India and provided services to the culture of the subcontinent. The findings indicate that the departure of Naqtavi elites from Iran began first in the context of confrontation with Safavid rulers and jurists and then continued in the field of interaction with Gurkhani rulers and ministers. In the light of the support of kings such as Akbar and Jahangir, some educated Naqtavians reached high court ranks and, in return, provided intellectual support to the Gurkhani sultans. Although the activities of Naqtavi's immigrants in the Gurkhani court were finally stopped with the intervention of jurists, in this short period they were also a source of useful and lasting influences. They established Persian in the subcontinent.

The Effect of Liquidity on Private Investment in the Urban Housing Market in IranAbstractThe housing market, as a major economic sector, has an important role in the country's economy. Regarding the structure of the country's economy and also considering the characteristics of housing as a commodity, housing prices are always affected by fluctuations and surplusThe housing market is one of the important channels for the impact of monetary policy on the country's economy. Therefore, considering the importance of the issue in the present article, in order to study the effects of liquidity on private sector investment in the housing sector during the period 1990- 2021 a Auto regressive distributed lag model has been used. Also a model of error correction is used for studding of short-term dynamics and their relation with long-term dynamics is presented. In general, the results of the study show that the effects of variables on national income, liquidity, housing loan facilities, construction services price index with a one-year break and population with a one-year break and on private sector investment in urban housing are positive and significant. But the impact of housing price variables and the average return of parallel markets on private sector investment in the urban housing market are negativeand significant. As a result, considering the main positive and significant independent effect of the research, namely liquidity on private sector investment in Iran's urban housing market, it can be said that increasing liquidity increases people's purchasing power and consequently increases demand and thus encourages the private sector. There will be more investment in the housing sector.Keywords: Urban Housing Market, Private Sector Investment, Liquidity, Auto Regressive Distributed Lag Model. 

The housing market, as a major economic sector, has an important role in the country's economy, and due to its past and present relations, it is strongly affected by its economic fluctuations. Due to the structure of the country's economy and also due to the characteristics of housing as a capital commodity, housing prices are always affected by fluctuations and excess liquidity movements in society and periodically, face a jumping increase. The housing market is one of the important channels for the impact of monetary policy on the country's economy. Due to the intermittent increase in housing prices in Iran, especially in the years after the imposed war and the intermittent creation of housing price bubbles and the stagnation after the bursting of the housing price bubble, it has been suggested that intermittent increases in housing prices are due to Is the country. Liquidity from monetary policies in the economy has undeniable effects on private sector investment in the sector. In this regard, the hypotheses of the leading research are as follows:
Liquidity affects private sector investment in the Iranian urban housing market.
National income affects private sector investment in Iran's urban housing market.
Construction services price index has an impact on private sector investment in Iran's urban housing market.
Urban population affects private sector investment in Iran's urban housing market.
Urban housing prices affect private sector investment in Iran's urban housing market.
Housing purchase facilities have an impact on private sector investment in Iran's urban housing market.
The average return of parallel markets has an impact on private sector investment in Iran's urban housing market.

This research is applied in terms of purpose. Leading research is also regression in terms of type of analysis. Multivariate linear regression models and microfiche software were used to analyze the data. In this research, documentary method has been used to collect information related to the literature and research background. Considering the importance of the issue the impact of liquidity on private sector investment in the housing sector during the period 1990- 2021 a Auto regressive distributed lag model has been used. In addition, we use the ECM to investigate short-term dynamics and relate them to the long-run relationship presented by summative regression, and also to examine how to adjust short-term dynamics for long-run equilibrium.For estimation, a Auto regressive distributed lag is used using Microfit software and in estimation, all possible interrupts of the final model with SBC are selected by the software.It is worth mentioning that the data and information related to the model have been extracted from the database of the Central Bank and the Statistics Center of Iran.

The results of estimating the Auto regressive distributed lag model show that all variables except private sector investment which is significant at the level of 10%, all are significant at the level of 5% and the variable of construction services price index with one year interval at the level 1% is significant. Liquidity, population with a one-year break, as well as construction services price index with a one-year break and national income are directly related to private sector investment. But the population in the first year shows negative relationships.According to the table of critical values of Benarji, Dolado and Master statistics at the level of 95% significance, since the value of computational statistics (-6/5549) is more than the absolute statistics of the table (3/55), so the null hypothesis of no The existence of a long-term relationship between the research variables is rejected and we conclude that there is a long-term relationship between them.According to the results, it can be seen that all variables in the long run are significant at the level of 5% and 1% and except for the urban population variable, other variables have a positive effect on private sector investment in housing.Also, according to the obtained results, ECM shows the adjustment of short-term dynamics in the direction of long-term equilibrium relationships. Also, according to the estimated results of the error correction model, if the shock causes the variables to deviate from the initial short-term equilibrium, in each period about 77% of the short-term imbalance is corrected to the long-term equilibrium. Based on the estimated results, it can be seen that the CUSUM and CUSUMQ charts are located between the two critical lines at the level of 5%. Based on these results, the coefficients of the variables are stable during the period under study.

The results of research estimates show that all independent variables have a significant relationship with the dependent variable, namely private sector investment. National income, liquidity and the price index of construction services with a one-year break are directly related to private sector investment in urban housing.It should be noted that increasing liquidity will increase people's purchasing power and consequently increase demand and thus encourage the private sector to invest more in the housing sector. Apart from the fact that increasing demand can lead to rising prices or any other changes in other macroeconomic variables.Regarding liquidity, it is important to mention that in most developing countries, including Iran, due to the lack of financial markets (money and capital) and appropriate areas of activity, liquidity is directed to the housing sector or quick-return activities.Suggestions in the scope of the discussions and the results of the present article estimates can also be mentioned as follows:1- Supporting the private sector in more investments in the housing sector, by giving various credits and privileges.
2- Targeting liquidity that, along with the housing sector, also leads to the mobilization of production activities, ie leads to a balance in the supply and demand market.
3- Supporting different sections of society, especially low-income people, by providing bank loans to support private sector investment in the housing sector. Investors are forced to withdraw their capital from the housing sector due to recession and lack of purchasing power. Do not do unnecessary activities and even the outflow of capital from the country.
4- Injecting the necessary liquidity in different sectors of the economy Due to the consequences such as inflation, it should be noted that the necessary liquidity for the injection can be provided in various ways that must be used carefully in the use of these resources.
5- Prosperity and activation of financial and capital markets, so that in addition to preventing capital outflows abroad, it can be directed.

3D printing of scaffolds at low temperatures is very promising for making artificial bone graft alternatives with more performance than traditional techniques. One of the most promising strategies in bone tissue engineering has focused on the development of biomimetic scaffolds. Ceramic-based scaffolds with osteogenic ability and mechanical properties are promising candidates for bone repair. The aim of this study was to adapt the flexibility and increasing the effect of inducing osteogenesis of Polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold prepared by fused deposition modeling (FDM) method, using the combination of Collagen (COL) as a natural polymer with synthetic polymer and to investigate the behavior of MG63 cells on it. on it. After preparing the scaffold, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy were used. After 1,7,14 days, the ossification process of MG63 cells in different treatments was performed using alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase activity. The non-toxicity of scaffolds was also evaluated by MTT assay to ensure cell proliferation. From under a microscope, it was found that tissue engineering scaffolds distributed and connected almost rectangular pores evenly. The PCL/COL scaffold showed a significant difference in terms of viability compared to the polycaprolactone scaffold only in the differential medium (P ≤ 0.0001). The results of evaluating ALP activity in PCL/COL scaffolds were significantly higher than uncoated PCL scaffolds and control (P ≤ 0.0001). The results of this study showed that the use of PCL/COL scaffold can be considered a suitable medium for proliferation and differentiation of MG63 cells in bone tissue engineering. Therefore, the PCL/COL composite scaffold prepared by FDM printer can be widely used in bone tissue engineering due to the cell survival by COL.

Adolescence is considered an important period of life that is accompanied by considerable biological and psychological changes that may lead to anxiety disorders in some cases. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as one of the most prevalent psychological disorders among adolescents is mainly characterized by heightened levels of anxiety that interferes with performance during life. Clinicians warn that untreated GAD can be harmful and may shift to a more severe disorder such as major depression disorder. Therefore, identifying underlying factors and concomitants of the disease seems pivotal. This study aimed to investigate the prediction of generalized anxiety disorder based on 3 attachment styles as well as examine the mediated role of maladaptive schemas.

The statistical population of the study included students of different levels of high school, ages 13-18 years living in Tehran province, in the autumn and winter of the academic year of 2019 – 2020, from which 297 students were selected by a simple random sampling method. The Pennsylvania Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), Revised Adult Attachment Scale (RAAS), and Young’s Schema Questionnaire-short form (YSQ-SF) were used for data collection. A statistical analysis of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was performed using the SPSS-16 software.

A negative and significant (P<0/01) direct effect was observed for secure attachment and avoidant attachment styles, while no significant direct effects were found for ambivalent attachment style relationship to generalized anxiety disorder. Also, the early maladaptive schemas could significantly mediate the secure attachment style and avoidant attachment style relationship to generalized anxiety disorder, while no mediating role was detected for the ambivalent attachment style. A Bootstrapping analysis also confirmed this finding. All 5 categories of maladaptive attachment schemas significantly were correlated to GAD symptoms.

Based on the findings of the present study, it could be concluded that increased measures of secure and avoidant attachment styles in adolescents are associated with decreased levels of GAD symptoms. Increase indices in each of the 5 categories of maladaptive schemas (The 18 early maladaptive schemas are classified into 5 main areas: Disconnection/Rejection, Impaired Autonomy, and Performance, Other-Directedness, Hypervigilance/ Inhibition, Impaired Limits) are associated with increased GAD severity, so the relationship is significant. Also, early maladaptive schemas could mediate the relationship between secure and avoidant attachment styles with generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents. According to the results of this study, careful consideration of attachment styles and early maladaptive schemas to prevent generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents is recommended.

Expansion of urbanization, increasing in the population of planet, excessive exploitation of water resources and wastewater release in nature have negative and irreversible impacts on the environment. The present research has been carried out in order to optimize the redesign model of the green water and wastewater network.

In this research, a bi-objective optimization model for the green redesign of the water and wastewater network is proposed. The model includes locating the optimal place of storage ponds and also optimally allocating the treated wastewater to agricultural areas and industrial settlements in order to mitigate the devastating effects of discharging industrial wastewater into the municipal wastewater treatment plants and eventually mitigating the entry of such pollutants into the environment. The proposed model, has been solved using the - constraint method.

Accordingly, the total system cost is minimized, the demand is met and simultaneously the environmental issues are met and the environmental pollution load of the network is minimized, because of network redesign. Also, a sensitivity analysis is performed on some important parameters.

The results showed that the proposed model can help the designers in this field to design the distribution network, because despite the increase in costs the environmental pollution is reduced by installing COD meters and performing environmental disinfection. In addition, in this model, it has been tried to compensate part of the increased costs by selling activated sludge.

This study examines the concepts of respect and responsibility in the Quran and their impact on the performance of adolescents in educational environments. Initially, the concepts of respect and responsibility are analyzed from the perspective of the Quran, and their role in shaping the personality and social relationships of adolescents is explored. Subsequently, the influence of these concepts on academic performance and social interactions of adolescents is analyzed through case studies and practical experiences of teachers in successful schools. The findings indicate that emphasizing respect and responsibility in educational environments leads to increased academic motivation, improved performance, and strengthened social relationships among students. Additionally, teachers' experiences show that creating a respectful environment and enhancing responsibility through group activities and teaching social and emotional skills can improve adolescent performance. Finally, suggestions for improving educational methods and future research are provided, which can help promote these concepts in educational settings.

The present study was conducted to conceptualize and evaluate the health of the Asiabrood Watershed in Chalus Township, Mazandaran Province, Iran.

The existing regional data, including climatic, hydrologic, erosion, sedimentation, and economic and social data, were collected and analyzed. In addition, several field visits were also made to make a general assessment of the ecological, economic, and social situation of the region and to complete the information on the study watershed. Then, the watershed health was assessed using the conceptual model of pressure, state, and response at the sub-watershed scale. Accordingly, the pressure index was first investigated by analyzing the driving forces of human activities and climate change over the study watershed. Then, the current state of the natural environment and the watershed performance to the pressures was analyzed as the status index. Further, the response index of the Asiabrood Watershed was calculated as a criterion for expressing the degree of community response or different outcomes of the watershed to the changes and concerns imposed on the watershed system.

 The results showed that the total health index of the Asiabrood Watershed with respective and relative contributions of pressure, state, and response indices of 18, 39, and 43% and an overall health index of 0.50 has a moderate health condition.

Although the health status of the Asiabrood Watershed is in moderate condition, the health status of the study watershed may decline, and, of course, adverse responses are possible if appropriate management policies are not adopted.

Regulating pharmaceutical advertisements, due to its effects on public safety and health, has highlighted the importance of government intervention and its regulatory methods in this sector. Regulating pharmaceutical advertising is very difficult because of the dynamic nature of the pharmaceutical industry, the distinction between prescription and non-prescription (over-the-counter) drugs, and the dual advertising environments, namely, public/ professional. Today, governments cooperate with other economic and social actors to regulate various sectors of the economy. However, in view of the direct relationship between health products and citizens' health, when it comes to such products, governments should exercise adequate supervision over the relevant regulatory bodies. Therefore, this paper will examine the task of the government to regulate pharmaceutical advertising. Then, with a qualitative method and a descriptive approach, the mechanisms by which different countries regulate pharmaceutical advertisements will be studied. We conclude that despite the availability of various regulatory methods, governments are trying to play a standard-setting role, even in self-regulatory systems, to monitor the industry in order to support the interests of pharmaceutical firms while also preserving public health.

Home accidents means accidents that happen in the house or its surroundings, and are the main cause of death and disability of children. Risk assessment is an organized method to identify, predict and reduce risk to an acceptable level. Therefore, our goal in this study is to identify and evaluate domestic hazards in the homes of Yazd city for children under seven years old.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 322 home accidents were identified in a cluster method from different areas of Yazd city. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were measured by experts (α=0.764). After completing the questionnaires, the collected data were entered into SPSS software version 20 and were analyzed by descriptive tests, ANOVA and T-TEST in confidence level of 95%

The most injuries caused by hazards are cuts, bone fractures/dislocations and contusion with a frequency of 17%, 14.8%, and 9.6%, respectively. The highest risk assessment code belongs to minor risks with a frequency of 39.76%, and the lowest frequency is for critical risks (3.17%). There was a significant relationship between most of the risks in homes with the areas of Yazd city and the type of building (p-value<0.05).

This study shows the importance of using from the risk assessment code method, which can be used to identify and determine the relative risk of hazards for each part of the house and provide prevention solutions based on priority. Also, by using appropriate training and policies to monitor compliance and full implementation of legal requirements in construction, home accidents and the resulting complications have been reduced, and safety culture and quality of life of families have been improved.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of two types of resistance exercises of high volume (HV) and high intensity (HI) on α2bβ3 receptor, and markers of platelet activation and function. Among the volunteers, 10 individuals familiar with resistance training (6 women and 4 men; age, 28±5 years; weight, 67.1± 10.7 kg; height, 168±9 cm) performed two resistance exercises of HV and HI including 5 exercises. In HV protocol subjects performed 4 sets of 10-12 repetitions at 70% of 1RM with 1 min rest between sets and exercises and in HI protocol subjects performed 4 sets of 3-5 repetitions at 90% of 1RM with 3 min rest between sets and exercises. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after exercise and after 30 min recovery for measuring PDW, PLT, MPV, PAC1, CD41a, CD42b and CD62p. Data were analyzed using two-way repeated measures of ANOVA. Significant increases in blood lactate levels, PLT following resistance exercise were higher in response to HI protocol were higher than HV protocol. The results showed a significant decrease in CD41a (α2bβ3 receptor) and CD42b, and a significant increase in PAC1 and CD62p (p<0.05). Changes in CD41a, CD62p, and PAC1 were higher following HI than the HV protocol (p<0.05). Based on the findings of present study it could be concluded that α2bβ3 receptor, markers of platelet activation and function change in response to resistance exercise and that intensity of resistance exercise is more effective than volume of exercise.

The khaksariyeh method, which gained strength in Iran from the Safavid period onwards, was the source of many social developments in this period and after that, and interacted with various institutions of the society. The members of this Shiite method contribute to the promotion of Shiite culture by chanting and chanting prayers, and oppose the Shiite movements (such as Babbitt). While promoting tolerance and non-violence ethics among the people, they strengthened the relationship between Iranian nations and preserved and transmitted their important cultural heritages with tools such as poetry, calligraphy, music, painting, and veil reading.By writing practical and mystical treatises (such as fatutnamehs), in addition to literary activity, they tried to institutionalize mystical ethics among guilds and professionals and present Sufism in their form.Khaksariyyah consider themselves Twelver Shia. In their texts, they mention Shiite imams with respect and appeal to them. Therefore, he should be considered among the strengtheners of the tradition of invocation, a tradition that has often been objected to by Shia opponents.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the application of knowledge management in Iranian Space Research Center based on Lawson model.

This research is an applied and descriptive survey. The statistical population of the study consisted of 450 employees of the Iranian Space Research Center in 2021, of which 207 were selected using Cochran's formula as a statistical sample. For data collection from the Lawson knowledge management standard questionnaire (2003)  with an Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.94 and to analyze data from univariate t-test, Friedman, analysis of variance, Kolmogorov-Smirnov  test with the help of the statistical software (SPSS 23), was used.

The rate of application of knowledge management (M=3.15) as well as the components of knowledge absorption (M=3.13), knowledge storage (M=3.73), knowledge dissemination (M=3.34) are above average level. And the rate of knowledge creation (M=2.99) and knowledge organizing (M=2.89) at the average level.

According to the obtained results, the amount of knowledge management implementation in the Iranian Space Research Center is above average level, except for the rank of knowledge application, which was below the average level. It is suggested that the managers of the Research Center, by focusing more on the application of knowledge and creating new work patterns, reduce the distance between knowledge and practice, and also pay attention to other components, and improve the level of knowledge management.

Sufis and elite religious scholars are considered as valuable human assets for a religious community and contribute to the dynamism and survival of the religious community. The migration of these guilds out of their society causes irreparable damage to the body of religion and religiosity. During the Safavid period, there was the migration of elite scholars and Sufis to India, the reasons, trends and results of which can be used as a model in the analysis of this phenomenon in the future. This descriptive-analytical study shows that intellectual, economic and political insecurities in Safavid Iran should be considered the most important reason. The process of migration during the reign of Shah Tahmasb I and Shah Abbas, due to the intensification of the above conditions, has progressed and in other periods, has experienced less fluctuations.This trend and its orientations have been studied to some extent in the context of this article

Water scarcity is a daunting challenge in most areas of the world, with at least one in six people in the world does not have access to safe drinking water. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between religious attitudes and water saving in students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021.

This descriptive study was conducted on 299 students who were selected by the convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the water conservation tendency and the religious attitude standard questionnaires (Marzban et al., 2019). Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 24) using an independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient statistics tests.

The mean scores of religious attitude and tendency towards water saving were 4.19±0.5 and 4.25±0.36, respectively. Moreover, 92.3% and 100% of students were in favarouble conditions in terms of religious attitude and water saving, respectively. The tendency to save water consumption had a significant relationship with the university of students (P <0.05). The correlation between religious attitude and the tendency towards water saving was statistically significant (R= 0.483; P ≤0.001).

According to the positive relationship between religious attitude and tendency towards water saving consumption, as well as the religious context of our society, we can use this potential in the field of environmental protection and water saving.

Adequate housing is a basic human need on which the realization of other fundamental rights depends. The right to adequate housing has been recognized in many national, regional and international instruments. However, the mere recognition of a right does not suffice, and enforcement as well as the right of action are necessary. The issue raised is whether the right to housing is justiciable in international and national legal systems. In terms of international human rights law, this matter has been resolved with the adoption of the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights in 2008. The government of the Islamic Republic of Iran is a member of the said covenant but not its additional protocol. As such, it will establish its own policies on this issue. The present study aims to evaluate the justiciability of the right to housing in international human rights law and Iran's legal system.

Due to the lack of micronutrient elements and the urgent need for biofortification in important and strategic plants in the nutrition of human society such as wheat, it is necessary to evaluate any strategy to optimize the quality and production of this product. This has led researchers to investigate the effect of foliar application of zinc and iron at different stages of growth to evaluate grain yield and quality traits of wheat.

In order to investigate the effect of foliar application of zinc and iron on the traits zinc and iron concentration and leaf chlorophyll content, nitrogen content in flag leaf, chlorophyll index, canopy temperature, Cytoplasmic membrane stability, grain nitrogen percentage, grain protein yield and grain yield of dryland wheat of Aseman cultivar, the experimental was carried out as a factorial based on randomized complete block design with 4 replications at the Agricultural Research Station And natural resources of Gonbad Kavous was done in 2019-2020 crop year. Experimental factors include foliar application at four levels (foliar application of zinc, foliar application of iron, simultaneous application of zinc and iron and foliar application of pure water as a control) and the second factor at three levels of foliar application time (tillering, shoot elongation and grain filling) Was considered.

The results showed that foliar spraying with iron, foliar application of zinc and mixed use of iron + zinc had a significant effect on the studied traits. Also, foliar application at different stages of growth had a significant effect on the evaluated traits except chlorophyll index and grain yield. The interaction effect of foliar application at the time of foliar application also showed that the maximum amount of zinc in the flag leaf was related to the foliar application of zinc (at grain filling time) and the highest amount of iron in the flag leaf was related to the combined foliar application of zinc and iron (in Grain filling stage) and foliar application of iron (at the shoot elongation stage) were obtained. The highest percentage of grain nitrogen was obtained in foliar application of iron (2.06%) and foliar application simultaneous of zinc and iron (2.04%) at the time of shoot elongation foliar application. Who were statistically in a group. In addition, the grain protein yield in the simultaneous foliar application of zinc and iron at the time of shoot elongation had the highest amount compared to other treatments. Finally, the highest grain yield was obtained by simultaneous application of iron and zinc at grain filling time and shoot elongation.

In general, foliar application of zinc and iron micronutrients improved the quality traits of wheat and increased wheat grain yield compared to the control treatment. Also, foliar application of iron and zinc elements alone or in combination with each other increased grain yield and qualitative traits of dryland wheat in the climatic conditions of the region.

The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of injuries in the Iranian Football Premier League players before and after the outbreak of Coronavirus (COVID-19) through video analysis in the 2019-2020 season. The types of sports injuries were divided into acute and chronic categories based on the mechanism, and the injuries were analyzed by reviewing 143 videos from 239 matches. Prevalence, time of onset and affected area were recorded in a special sheet. According to the results, 219 injuries occurred before the outbreak of coronavirus and 276 injuries occurred after the outbreak of coronavirus. In the period before and after the outbreak of Corona virus, the lower limbs of the players (58/7%) were damaged more than other parts of their bodies. Also, the highest rate of injury occurred after the outbreak of coronavirus than before in the last minutes of the game (24/3%). Research Findings showed that the prevalence of injuries in Iranian Premier League football players in the post-outbreak period of Coronavirus increased due to home quarantine and closure of matches.

The purpose of this study was to Video analysis of sports injuries in the Iranian Football Premier League before and after the outbreak of the Corona virus in the 2019-2020 season. The video of 143 matches out of 239 matches of these games was reviewed by the researcher and the prevalence of injury, the mechanism of injury, the position of the injured player and the area of injury were recorded. According to the results, 219 injuries occurred before the outbreak of coronavirus and 276 injuries occurred after the outbreak of coronavirus. Findings showed that despite the significant increase in the amount of damage in the corona period compared to the previous period of the corona, there was no significant difference in the mechanism of injury, the area of injury and the position of the injured player, before and after the corona virus outbreak.

The pandemic of the Coronavirus was a test for legal systems to evaluate the effectiveness of laws and regulations in the face of the crisis. Advertisement of health goods, including food, hygiene, and pharmaceutical products, is one of the areas that was severely affected by the onset of the crisis. As advertising for tourism or home appliances declined, advertisements for personal protective equipment, cleaning materials, and nutrients to boost the immune system increased. Although Iranian law prohibits promoting and advertising drugs of any kind, drugs for the treatment of Coronavirus were advertised on TV and cyberspace. In this study, by a comparative study of Iranian laws and regulations with that of Britain, as a tool for measuring, the executive power of these two legal systems has been assessed in the face of the Corona crisis. Benefiting from a self-regulatory system of oversight and the existence of quasi-judicial bodies with transparency in access to the votes in the British legal system was an advantage, whereas the conflict of competence in issuing advertising licenses and the lack of a suitable mechanism to compensate consumers in Iran indicate the ineffectiveness of laws and regulations, especially in the face of crises such as Corona.

Anxiety is a common problem that can negatively affect outcomes of an operation. The main propose of the present study was to investigate the effects of anxiety on hemodynamic parameters in pregnant women, candidate for elective cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.

Totally, 300 pregnant candidates for elective cesarean section participated in our study. To assess the severity of anxiety, patients were asked to complete DASS questionnaires before surgery and the hemodynamic parameters were recorded before spinal anesthesia, skin incision, uterus incision, and delivery time, at the end of the surgery and in the recovery room.For normal distributed data, t –test was used and to determine whether there is a significant difference between the means of the two groups. Also, repeated measures Analysis of Variance (rANOVA) was run to see how level of blood pressure changes in the different levels of anxiety score.

In the present cross-sectional study, the prevalence percentages of mild, moderate, and extremely severe anxiety in the participants was 8.7 (n= 26), 38.79 (n=115), and 52.5 (n=157), respectively. There was a statistically significant correlation between severity of anxiety and the average of systolic, mean arterial blood pressure, and heart rate.Systolic blood pressure values in the moderate, severe, and extremely severe anxiety levels were found to be 131.3±5.9, 132.2±5.7, and 136±7.4, respectively (P≤0.001) Also, the mean arterial blood pressure values in the moderate, severe, and extremely severe anxiety levels were 99.4±5.8, 99.2±5.9, and 101.6±6.8 (P≤0.01). Futhermore, heart rate increased in these three levels from 82.1±6.3 to 85.5±8.7 and then 91.3±8.9 (P≤0.001).Patients with higher anxiety scores showed higher levels of systolic, mean arterial blood pressure, and heart rate. But it did not seem to have clinical importance.

According to our findings, anxiety results in higher levels of hemodynamic parameters. Also, in parallel with the increase in the severity of anxiety, more hemodynamic changes may be observed in surgery, which had statistical difference although not clinically important.

One of the most critical conditions in the world today is coronavirus (COVID-19). The rapid and unexpected incidence of the disease in various communities has been raised many concerns. Although the respiratory and immune systems are the main targets of COVID-19, acute kidney damage and protein excretion in the urine have also been reported. Managing the disease is even more challenging in patients with kidney disease, especially in people under the pressure of the immune system or severe complications. The effects are especially severe in people with defective immune systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the history of kidney disease, clinical findings, hospitalization duration, and mortality in COVID-19 patients.

This cross-sectional analytical study was aimed to assay the relationship between the history of kidney disease, clinical findings, hospitalization duration, and mortality by evaluating the COVID-19 patients at Semnan Kowsar hospital (Iran). The sample size was included 60 patients (30 patients with a history of kidney disease and 30 patients without any underlying disease).

The patients' age was 61.5±16.94 in the renal failure group and 63.77±17.09 in the non-underlying disease group that was not significantly different from each other (P=0.608). Hypertension and cardiovascular disease were observed in renal failure by 56.7% and 46.7%, respectively. The most underlying disease was among patients with renal failure. Also, mortality in the group of patients with renal failure (40%) was significantly higher than the group of patients without underlying disease (13.3%) (P=0.021). No significant difference was observed considering hospitalization duration between the two groups.

The risk of mortality in renal failure patients with COVID-19 shows a significant increase compared to the general population. Immune system dysfunctions and the presence of underlying diseases such as hypertension and heart disease make these patients more susceptible to COVID-19, a severe form of the disease, and ultimately an increased mortality rate.

It has been a long time that intellectual and ideological sects appeared. During the past recent decades, we have witnessed the emergence of many newly-developed spiritually-oriented movements and their increasing development and extention worldwide. Due to their apparant enticing temptations, they could attract lots of people’s attention to their programs. Processing spirituality harmonized with humanism and secularism within modern and pleasant frameworks to people resulted in the emergence of newly-developed spiritually-oriented sects. These sects are so varied that they can satisfy any sort of taste. Secularism, in which religion is getting individualized, is so widely used that hundreds of thousands of so-called religious and spiritually-oriented sects would be created in this way, which are against religious spiritualism.This study tries to investigate the characteristics of newly-developed spiritualities and discuss some underlying causes for their variety, all of which have an “irreligious identity”.