فهرست مطالب زهرا صادقی ارانی

In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has emerged as a significant technology in the industrial and academic sectors, particularly in the context of the fourth-generation industry. Encouraging industries, including oil, gas, and electric power sectors to adopt IoT technology expeditiously is crucial due to its numerous advantages. This article focuses on the oil and gas and electric power industry, which is a vital sector in any country, and emphasizes the need for the accelerated implementation of IoT to unlock its potential benefits. Despite the potential of IoT to achieve important and innovative changes in oil, gas, and electric power industries, surveys indicate a slow adoption trend in Iran. Thus, this research aims to identify and model the drivers that influence the implementation of IoT in Iran's oil, gas, and electric power industry supply chain. The research consists of two stages: the identification of drivers through literature review and assessment using the Delphi method and the presentation of a model of drivers using fuzzy total interpretive structural modeling. The results, comprising 75 drivers categorized into 14 general categories, highlight "government regulations" as the most fundamental driver in Iran's oil, gas, and electric power industry supply chain.

Financial literacy has different meanings for different people.For some, it has a broad concept including economic understanding and how family decisions affect economic conditions, and for others, it has the concept of focusing on money management, including budgeting, savings, investment, and insurance.This is one of the human concerns of well-being and comfort in life.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of parents' financial literacy on students' financial literacy and the relationship between financial literacy and financial socialization and financial self-efficacy of high school students in Afghanistan(Mazar-i-Sharif city).The secondary school of Mazar-e-Sharif was in 1400, when students from religious schools, teacher training, literacy, vocational, agricultural, and non-governmental schools, as well as considering the existing conditions, were refused to attend the marginal schools of the city to conduct research. The statistical population in question was 3180students with their parents, separated (1505 girls, 1675 boys), and 282 students(134 boys,148 girls)were selected as a sample using Morgan's table, and the students and parents responded to the financial literacy questionnaire, the data were collected through correlation and The structural model was analyzed using Spss22 and Amos22 software and the results showed that parents' financial literacy has an effect on students' financial literacy and financial literacy is related to financial socialization and financial self-efficacy.Therefore, it is possible to expand financial literacy in the society through parents,and it is suggested that schools, while training and strengthening the financial literacy of students, take the initiative and organize financial literacy training workshops for parents as well.

Today, the sports industry is one of the most attractive and popular industries, which in recent years has led to the rapid growth of small and medium enterprises. Despite the importance of these companies in creating value and wealth creation, we are witnessing the failure of these businesses, especially in the early years of their formation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting the success of sports small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and to present a structural-interpretive model (ISM) of these factors. Interpretive structural modeling is a way to design a pattern of complex and multiple relationships between variables of a phenomenon. Therefore, first, by reviewing the research literature, 12 factors have been extracted: Finance, technology, legal structure, Porter's competitive force (competitors, partners, customers), supportive structure, product quality, human resources, marketing and customer orientation, business and strategic plan, training structure, management characteristics and market share. Then, using the opinion of experts and using the method of structural-interpretive modeling, the relationships between these factors are identified and its interactive model is developed. The structural-interpretive model of these factors indicates that the three factors of finance, legal structure and supportive structure are the key variables affecting the success of sports businesses and the cornerstone of the interactive model that has the most impact and least effectiveness. Finally, in order to accelerate the growth of success of sports medium-sized enterprises have been presented some suggestions.

According to the teachings, the personality of people is among the variables that can be effective in the relationship between people’s perceptions and their behavior. Also, focusing on the health of the organization means focusing on the future success of the organization. Considering the very changing conditions of hospitals and the necessity of their effectiveness, there is a need for employees who have voluntary behaviors for the organization. Despite all the theoretical advances in the field of health, attention to the spiritual dimension of health has been neglected in most health promotion programs. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the influence of personality and spiritual health on organizational citizenship behavior. The statistical population of this research is made up of nurses from selected hospitals in Kashan. The sample size in this research was 218 people using stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was used to collect research data. Structural equation modeling by smartpls3 software was used for data analysis. The results showed that personality traits (psychological entitlement, malice, utilitarianism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, sadism, narcissism) had a significant and negative effect on organizational citizenship behavior. And the characteristics of psychological entitlement and selfishness did not have a significant effect on citizenship behavior. Also, spiritual health had a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. According to the findings of this research, it seems that it is necessary to hire, train and advise nurses with personality traits that promote organizational citizenship behavior in hospitals. As a result, the implementation of these solutions helps to increase spiritual health in the organization and to strengthen and form positive and desirable behaviors among employees.

Recently, due to an increase in national, regional, and global changes as well as a reduction in job dependence, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction, a complex, unstable, and uncertain environment has been created. In such conditions, organizations and senior managers should undertake some actions such as the identification of talents, the creation of a talent repertoire in their organizations to identify key positions and to prepare a succession plan for all key positions both horizontally and vertically (Kim et al, 2019). Succession planning, as a subsystem of human resource management, has an impact on organizational learning, stability, and development while promoting financial performance of the organization, turnover rate, and employees’ job satisfaction (Ojeyemi, 2021; Ugoani, 2020). According to Barton (2019), succession is a process during which the talented forces of an organization are prepared in line with the organization’s strategies and plans to take on sensitive jobs and key positions. Succession is a process by which organizations develop and promote capable and talented forces through proper planning (Raby & Valeau, 2021). Despite the importance of competencies and succession, few studies in the field of human resource management, especially in the water and sewage industry, have examined human resource management measures comprehensively with an emphasis on succession. All companies deal with the issue of succession. Kashan’s Water and Sewerage Company, as a service company, is not an exception. Succession management and planning are highly important for this company since about 25% of its managers will be about to retire by the end of 2023, which justifies the need to carry out a succession plan. The present study aims to develop a model of succession management system for the water and sewage company in Kashan.

This study was a qualitative-quantitative one in terms of methodology. It was conducted in several phases, the first and two of which were qualitative while others were quantitative. In the first phase, the researchers identified 80 competences based on academic sources as well as the information provided by the Kashan’s Water and Sewage Company. In the second phase, the identified indicators were evaluated by the managers and elites of the company; the results of Delphi research method yielded 33 competency indicators grouped in individual, managerial, and job categories. In the third phase, the identified competences were surveyed for prioritization with respect to managerial positions by using the TOPSIS multi-criteria technique.

The results showed that the least weight was on emotional intelligence (as an individual competence), customer orientation, and project management (as managerial competences). The highest weight was on time management, thinking skills, communication skills, and responsibility taking manner (as individual competences) along with planning skill, organizational belonging, work commitment, problem-solving skill, and team work (as managerial competences). Also, the general status of Kashan’s Water and Sewerage Company in terms of individual and managerial competencies showed that this company had the highest scores in the competencies of belonging and organizational loyalty, moral intelligence, and work commitment, and it had the lowest scores in the competency of succession and people management, performance management, and project management.

In terms of company’s obtain results (such as lowest scores in succession and people management, performance management, and project management), it has suggested the promotion of these competencies as priorities of individual and organizational management skills development programs. Therefore, several practical suggestions have been offered for developing and a providing a deeper analysis of the current status of the company. First, different methods for training and the development of the candidates can be implemented: using training outside the organization as well as internal development programs (i.e., training and internal development in ways such as practical learning with a manager, coaching, job rotation, and assigning challenging roles to people). Additionally, the company managers can hold educational, training, and in-service workshops in order to make employees aware of their career paths, the possibility of promotion, and the job responsibilities of the current and possible future. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the succession program as a tool to identify employees’ justifiable educational and training needs. Given that one of the competencies that can be improved is the competency of performance management, it is essential to identify the performance indicators and measure the productivity of human resources for developing and improving the human resources of the organization based on succession plans.

The purpose of this research was to identify, modeling and scenario analysis of the acceptance factors of the Internet of Things in the supply chain of Iranian businesses.

To conduct this research, we used both qualitative and quantitative strategies combined. The statistical population in both stages consisted of experts; besides, judgmental and snowball sampling methods were used. In the first stage, acceptance factors were identified through semi-structured interviews. In the second stage, using fuzzy cognitive mapping approach, the acceptance factors were modeled, and the scenario was analyzed.

The results of the first phase show 58 factors of Internet of Things acceptance, which are categorized into 17 sub-themes and 5 main themes. The second-stage results show that the theme of expertise enjoys the highest degree of influence, then the theme of technology readiness comes next. Also, the overlapping of forward and backward scenarios indicates the importance of expertise and technological readiness.

Originality:

 Since there is little understanding of the factors affecting the acceptance of the Internet of Things at the supply chain level of Iranian businesses, this research has been able to add to the literature of this field and to fill the gap by identifying, modeling, and analyzing the scenario of these factors.

Implications:

 Changing recruitment and hiring policies to find and hire qualified personnel, using in-service training tools, and having access to a technological roadmap are the most important strategies of the supply chain, which can lead to organizational expertise and readiness.

The current research was conducted with the aim of the effect of digital games on the movement activities and lifestyle of 16-13 year old students. The current research method was quasi-experimental or semi-experimental, and the statistical population of the research included all male and female students aged 16-13 years in Kashan city in the academic year 1400-1401 (15,230, including 7,000 girls and 8,230 boys). The sampling method in this research was random classification based on gender, in this way, at first, the schools were selected randomly, and the basis for selecting students was available, and people voluntarily filled out the questionnaire. The number of samples was 300 people (132 girls and 168 boys) based on the table of Karjesi and Morgan. The measurement tool was a questionnaire that has 4 sections: 1. Demographic information, 2. Laali et al.'s standard lifestyle questionnaire (2013), 3. A researcher-made questionnaire for the variable of physical activity and 4. A researcher-made questionnaire for the variable of the use of digital games has been prepared and adjusted. The validity of the questionnaires developed by the professors and experts and its reliability has been obtained through Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.80 and 0.87 respectively.

The spread of the unknown COVID-19 virus and its pandemic at the end of 2019 faced many countries a serious crisis. Following the outbreak of this pandemic news, many actions have been taken to control and prevent it throughout the world, including Iran. Many of these actions, incorporate the principles, strategies, and components of "social marketing", without being labeled
social marketing.

The present study is a non-systematic review of documents and evidences related to the strategies presented and steps taken to reduce and control COVID-19 in Iran. The information represented is gathered from two sources: three scientific and official centers including World Health Organization, National Headquarters for Corona, and the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and Reports presented in widely published documents During 7 months after the outbreak of Covid-19 started (from 11 February to 11 September 2020).

Collected documents and evidences are classified into three sections: desirable behaviors, marketing concepts including segmentation, targeting and positioning, and social marketing mix.

Findings show that despite the efforts to promote desirable behaviors to control Covidus19, many of these efforts are non-systemic and the lack of attention to macro-social marketing principles has created many inconsistencies in the implementation of downstream and upstream policies that thus has been jeopardized The effectiveness of these actions.

Undoubtedly, cinema can play a key role in teaching entrepreneurial qualities, especially in childhood and adolescence. For this purpose, the qualitative content analysis of selected movies in the genre of children and teenagers was done in the years 1981-2022. The upcoming research is one of the descriptive-analytical (interpretive) researches. It is based on the qualitative research paradigm and directional content analysis technique is used. The content of the film script and dialogues of the actors were used as the unit of recording themes and meaningful sentences related to the topic were identified. The purposeful sampling method was used to select the films. Accordingly, one film from each decade and a total of 4 films were examined. In order to code the themes, measuring entrepreneurial personality traits Kurd-naij et al including the dimensions of achievement seeking, internal focus of control, risk-taking, ambiguity tolerance, intellectual fluency, fantasizing, pragmatism and challenge seeking are used as the main topics in the questionnaire. The findings of this research show that the share of concepts related to entrepreneurial personality traits in the 4 selected children and adolescent movies is nearly 20% and there is no significant difference between the selected films in the use of entrepreneurial concepts. There is also a significant difference between the shares of 8 entrepreneurial personality traits in the selected films. Among them, risk-taking feature with the number of 174 sentences has the largest share and pragmatism feature with 58 sentences has the least share in the selected children and adolescent movies in the last 4 decades. Due to the increase in the tendency of children and young people towards theatrical content, movies can be an important source for modeling roles and accepting entrepreneurial personality traits and thus promoting and teaching entrepreneurial skills. Based on the results, it is recommended to institutionalize the entrepreneurial culture through the development of movies with an entrepreneurial approach, especially in the genre of children and teenagers.

With the emergence industry 4.0, many industrial and service sectors have moved towards using it to improve their effectiveness and efficiency. This transformation has been done slowly in Iran's healthcare sector, so it is necessary to identify the factors affecting its acceptance. The requirement to start this movement is to accept it. Considering the existing research gaps, this research has been conducted to identify, model and analyze the scenario of Industry 4.0 acceptance factors in Iran's healthcare supply chain. This research was done in 2 stages with a mixed approach. The first stage with a qualitative approach seeks to identify acceptance factors and the second stage with a quantitative approach seeks to model and analyze their scenarios. The statistical population in both stages are experts in the healthcare supply chain and sampling methods is judgmental and snowball. In the first stage, semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis were used, and in the second stage, a researcher-made questionnaire and fuzzy cognitive map were used. The results of the first stage show 23 acceptance factors, which were classified into 4 categories: "personality factors", "organizational behavior", "organizational hardware" and "management". The results of the second phase indicate that "emotional intelligence", "organizational culture", "social responsibility" and "stakeholders' awareness of I4.0 technologies" are drivers and "organizational openness" is the recipient. The results of the analysis of forward and backward scenarios show the importance of "effective change management", "trust", "stakeholders' awareness of I4.0 technologies", "financial capability" and "optimism towards technology".

The implementation of Industry 4.0 in the healthcare sector to improve community health is of great importance. Therefore, it is crucial to identify the critical success factors for implementing Industry 4.0 in the healthcare sector, model them, and analyze scenarios for targeted interventions. This issue has not been investigated in previous studies, and this research aims to fill this research gap. This research was conducted in two qualitative and quantitative stages. The statistical population was experts in both stages, and the judgmental and snowball sampling methods were used. The first stage had a population size of 17, determined based on theoretical saturation, while the second stage had a population size of 10. Thematic analysis was used as the data analysis method in the first stage, and fuzzy cognitive mapping was used in the second stage. The results showed that "competent managers," "support and cooperation," and "competent human resources" have the most significant impact, while "project management," "appropriate planning," and "support and cooperation" are the most susceptible. Furthermore, "support and cooperation," "appropriate planning," and "project management" are the most central. Three forward and three backward scenarios were designed for more effective interventions. It is recommended to improve the organization's educational system, strengthen the succession system, implement transparent contracts, and improve the quality of human resource management to achieve independent variables.

In recent years, market principles and business criteria have dominated the rules and values of educational institutions in such a way that in this attitude, educational institutions are considered as economic enterprises and learner as consumers. Therefore, the aim of the research was to provide a conceptual model of commercialization of education from the point of view of administrators. The approach of the research was qualitative and the method of systematic grounded theory was used. the statistical population of the research were 20 faculty members of Isfahan educational institutions, who were selected by purposeful sampling and until theoretical saturation was reached. Data was collected through in-depth interviews. Then these qualitative interviews were coded with Atlas.Ti software. Qualitative data analysis of the conceptual model of the process of commercialization of education in 5 dimensions: causal conditions (increasing demand for education, economic crisis of the government), contextual conditions (international and domestic educational laws, educational developments), intervening conditions (globalization, new world order, cultural, economic transformation and political), the central category (demand to increase the income of educational institutions) includes strategies (making money from education through commercialization of education, privatization of education) and consequences (9 positive consequences and 21 negative consequences of commercialization of education). By examining the central category of demand for increasing the income of educational institutions, the research has examined the causal factors, cultural background conditions and intervening conditions and has proposed recommendations for the government's policy in the process of providing educational services of the institutions.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze the position of green shopping behavior among environmentalists and activists and at the same time to investigate a conceptual-analytical model developed from the factors affecting green shopping behavior among this group of consumers. The research methodology is a combination that in the qualitative section in order to identify the factors affecting green shopping behavior, the research background and theoretical foundations related to the subject were reviewed and reviewed, and thus the most important components or themes affecting green shopping behavior. Was identified and a small part seeks to design a structural-interpretive model through the formation of a structural interaction matrix in which 20 environmental activists and experts were selected and finally collected information through a researcher-made questionnaire. Therefore, the present study, by understanding this issue through structural-interpretive model and MICMAC analysis, seeks to design a model based on the classification and segregation of factors affecting green buying behavior. The results show that the variables are located in four levels. The highest level means that the fourth level includes variables such as environmental concerns, religious obligations and product price,, these components have been identified as the final and ultimate pillars of factors affecting green shopping behavior that affect other factors and low levels. Responsibility for environment, sense of patriotism, collectivism and altruism, social norms and attention to the health of others are the most important social variables that are located in the next level, i.e. the third level.

The research was carried out following the normalization of economic views and making money from education with the aim of investigating the mental patterns of education providers from the commercialization of education with Q methodology.
A targeted sample size of 60 faculty members of various universities in Isfahan city was selected. The data collection tool was a 66-item questionnaire taken from research literature and interviews with education experts. Q factor analysis was performed in SPSS software.
There were five mental models of justices with a specific value of 31/946%, universally responsible people with a specific value of 12/247%, economic-oriented entrepreneurs with a specific value of 7/604, moralists with a specific value of 3/713 and culturalists with a specific value of 1/513% among the opinions of the participants. The mental model of justices considers the issue of educational justice and the right to public education to be essential. The mental model of inclusive responsibilities considered the issue of employment of graduates to be essential. The mental pattern of economy-oriented entrepreneurs was in complete contrast with other patterns with importance to economic issues and the effect of entrepreneurial universities on financial independence from the government, they were in favor of commercialization of education. The two models of moralists and culturalists had similar paradigms.
The research introduces the dominant mental model and expresses the dimensions of opposition and agreement of the models, and the results can help policymakers in the strategies used in educational commercialization.

The aim of current study is to identify the effective factors on the social identity of women in Iran and present a structural and interpretive model for the same case. The study is practical. Firstly, previous studies in terms of women’s social identity and the related effective factors were investigated. Then, through purposeful sampling from female elites, and administering questionnaire, a self-interactive matrix was extracted through interpretive structural modelling. By analyzing the factors affecting the women’s social identity, a prioritization was constructed. Finally, employing Mic Mac analysis, the type of variable considering their significance and dependency were sorted. Based on the findings, some of the key independent variables of women’s social identity were: interactional web, socio-economic status, novel IT technology, social capital, and cultural capital. The dependent variables were: body management, traditional roles, athletic contribution, modern roles (independent and updated woman), religious beliefs, reason, globalization, social security, the link between different identities and spare time. Life satisfaction is a dependent variable which is highly related to other variables in the social identity of Iranian women

Bias is an important issue in behavioral finance and it reduces market efficiency. Previous studies have been mainly conducted in order to investigate the presence or absence of types of bias among market investors, but the present research has investigated the relationship between the investor's individual culture, monetary attitude and financial biases. The statistical population of the study is the investors of Tehran Stock Exchange and the sample size is 384. A questionnaire was used to collect information and the obtained data were analyzed with regression analysis methods. 6 groups of hypotheses were examined. The results showed that power distance has a significant effect on conservatism and availability. Effort/ability has a (full) mediating role between the long-term orientation and conservatism and between the extremism and conservatism. Power distance with money obsession and gaining power ambiguity aversion with inadequacy, long-term orientation with money retention and effort/ability, patriarchy with money retention and inadequacy, has a direct relationship. Individualism has an inverse relationship with inadequacy and a direct relationship with effort/ability, effort/ability has a direct relationship with conservatism, and power distance has a direct relationship with conservatism and availability. There is a significant difference in regret aversion between women and men, in loss aversion between age groups, in the illusion of control between different employment situations, and in loss aversion between different amounts of monthly allocation to buy stocks. According to the findings, it is suggested to take action in the field of shareholder training and providing financial advice according to personality type.

communication and organizational silence among the secondary school teachers in Kashan. The research method was descriptive- correlational. The statistical population compromised of 390 secondary school teachers in Kashan in the academic year of 2019-2020. The sample size was determined to be 181 people according to Krejcie and Morgan Tables and by means of stratified random sampling method. The data collection was conducted on the basis of two questionnaires: Robbin's effective communication questionnaire and Vakola and Bouradas's organizational silence questionnaire. The reliability coefficients were calculated as 0/889 and 0/860 respectively for effective communication questionnaire and organizational silence questionnaire. The questionnaires' validity was approved by the Confirmatory Factor Analysis Method and two experts. The collected data were analyzed in the AMOS22 and SPSS22 by One-sample T-test, independent T-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Variance Analysis Test. The findings showed there was a negative and significant relationship between effective communication and organizational silence among the research population and also there was a negative and significant relationships between effective communication and organizational silence components (Defensive Silence, Acquiescence Silence and Prosocial Silence).The difference in effective communication and organizational silence in the research population was statistically significant in the gender variable, while this difference was not statistically significant in other variables such as age, level of education and years of service.

In recent years, the demand for Traditional-Iranian or traditional medicine has increased, but there is still no comprehensive research to investigate why it is so popular. The aim of this study was to investigate the reasons for the demand for traditional medicine and to present an interactive model of these reasons.

Using a review of the research literature, the key factors affecting Islamic-Iranian medicine were identified, and then the relationships between these factors were drawn using the structural-interpretive model approach. Finally, using MikMac analysis, these key factors wereclassified into four categories: independent (key), Linkage, autonomous and dependent.

By reviewing the research literature, 17 variables affecting consumer demand for traditional medicine were identified. Also, the results of interactive modeling of these factors indicated that “fewer side effects of traditional medicine, naturalness, herbal medicines of traditional medicine, easy access to traditional medicines and tools, easier production of medicines and tools of traditional medicine, and less environmental risks of traditional medicine, long history of use, and religious beliefs” are the key factors in the demand for traditional medicine that affect other components and stimulate the demand for traditional medicine. Finally, these components are the builders of “positive attitudes and public trust” and “socio-cultural acceptance of this type of treatment”, which in turn leads to the creation of “rules and regulations that support traditional medicine”.

Determining the relationships between variables and the type of variables can lead to a better understanding of the subject in order to make appropriate decisions on the issue of factors affecting traditional medical demand and guide production and marketing strategies regardingthis medicine.

With the growth of technology, the Internet of Things and its entry into industries and businesses is considered an important issue. Identifying factors that can contribute to the success of the Internet of Things is very important for decision makers. Considering this issue and since the conceptual model for the critical success factors of the Internet of Things at the supply chain level of Iranian businesses has not been presented so far, the aim of this research is to identify the critical success factors of the Internet of Things at the level of the supply chain of Iranian businesses, to present the model and future scenarios. For this purpose, the current research was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, an in-depth interview was conducted with 15 industrial and academic experts. A number of 41 codes were identified, which were categorized into 12 main critical factors. In the second phase of the research, the questionnaire made by the researcher according to the results of the first phase was provided to the experts. The statistical population of the second phase included 12 industrial and academic experts. Finally, by analyzing the data (influence rate, effectiveness and centrality) and analyzing forward and backward scenarios, the themes of supply chain hardware readiness, correct financial attitude in the supply chain, supply chain software readiness, training and preparation of managers were more important among other themes.

From the perspective of health promotion, the most critical mission of hospitals is to change the treatment-oriented mindset to a health-oriented one. Health promoting hospitals seek to institutionalize the concept of prevention and health promotion. Therefore, the current research aims to study Kashan, Aran and Bidgol hospitals in achieving health promotion standards in 2020.

The current study is a descriptive correlational study that was conducted cross-sectionally in 2020. The statistical sample studied was 65 managers and officials of 4 hospitals in Kashan, Aran and Bidgol cities (1 government hospital, 3 non-government hospitals). Data were collected using the World Health Organization (WHO)'s health promotion standards questionnaire. The authors used Kruskal-Wallis and one-way ANOVA tests to compare the mean performance scores among the hospitals. Bonferroni test was used for parallel comparison of the hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS 22 software with a significance level of 5%.

Findings indicated that regarding the standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, promotion of a healthy workplace, continuity of treatment and cooperation, performance score of non-government hospitals (private and Social Security Organization) were significantly higher than the studied government hospital in this study (p < 0.001). The total score of health promotion standards in the non-government hospitals was significantly higher than the government hospital (p < 0.001). This difference was significant.

Conclusion :

One of the variables influencing the quality of health promotion standards in hospitals is the type of hospital in terms of ownership (government, non-government). It seems that organizations using government funds, typically, have worked less than other organizations with regard to improving and upgrading their quality. Therefore, managers of government hospitals need to plan for developing standards of management policy, patient assessment, patient information and intervention, upgrading a healthy and standard work environment continuity of treatment and cooperation. Then, authorities need to monitor and evaluate these processes.

adventure tourism is the fastest growing tourism sector in the world and It is considered as one of the most important tools for sustainable development in countries and tourism destinations. Therefore, the Marnjab Desert in Iran, as a privileged region, has the potential to become an example center for sustainable development of adventure tourism. Research shows that affect numerous factors on realization of this important. This study aims to provide a model for the development of creative and sustainable adventure tourism in the Marnjab Desert. In terms of method, Research is mixed and applied research that data analysis has been done through two methods of Meta-Synthesis and Structural-Interpretive Modeling in two stages. first step: were identified the factors affecting the development of adventure tourism with systematic reviewed and 18 variables in 10 indicators and four dimensions of economic, political, cultural, social and environmental sustainability were selected and approved by researchers. second step: the initial codes were extracted and located in the structural-interpretive modeling questionnaire in order to Be leveled the relation between them with the help of tourism experts and managers of Kashan, Aran and Bidgol and adventure tourism activists present as a model in the desert. The results of the present study indicate that tourist satisfaction and loyalty of the indigenous community will be achieved when first there is clear and comprehensive policy and planning and then the private sector provide by investing in the environment the conditions for other effective factors, especially biological and social resource management

The issue of body management and the extreme view towards it is common in the country, and has adverse effects on health. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the main indicators and factors affecting women's body management and to provide a structural and interpretive model for a comprehensive and priority view of the problem.

Initially, the factors affecting women's body management were identified by reviewing research on the topic. Subsequently, a self-interaction matrix with structural and interpretive modeling method was used via purposeful sampling of experts and using a questionnaire. In the next stage,  the level order of the factors was determined by examining the relationships between the factors affecting women’s body management. Finally, using Mick Mac analysis, the type of variables was determined based on penetration power and degree of dependence.

Based on the findings of this study, the variables of media and economic capital with high influence and low dependence are the key independent variables in women's body management. Cultural capital, social capital, reference groups, social acceptance, social pressure, religiosity education, negative body image and body dissatisfaction are also related variables that have both high influence and high dependence on other variables. The variables of opposite sex attraction, self-confidence and consumerism were identified as dependent variables. These variables have high dependence and low penetration power and strongly affect women's body management under the influence of changes in other variables.

Considering the importance of body management measures on women's health, identifying the factors and their leveling can be of significance in health policy.