زهرا کاکایی

Industrial progress, development plans, and infrastructure projects, despite all the benefits and benefits that human beings have had, have been a source of fatalities, risks, and significant failures. Risk Assessment an organized and systematic approach to hazard identification and risk assessment for ranking decisions in order to reduce risk is partially acceptable. The purpose of this study was to identify the hazards in the Ilam gas refinery using William Fein method which is a quantitative method.
Material & This descriptive-analytic epidemiologic study was conducted in Ilam gas refinery in 2012. The sample consisted of 9 units from 18 units of Ilam gas refinery which were randomly selected. In order to identify the risks, a team of representatives from the departments and departments of the present project conducted the projrect. In this document, the HSE-FO-001 (0) -90 hazard identification and risk assessment was also documented in units. This method evaluates and calculates the risks using the severity of the outcome, the probability of occurrence, and the exposure level.
Findings: In this study, 289 risks were identified, of which 5 (0.73%) risks at emergency level (urgent need for corrective actions), 40 risks (13.84%) at abnormal level (requiring consideration and attention Faster) and 244 risks (84.43%) at the level of natural risk (to be eliminated).
Discussion & The major dangers that threaten employees at the Ilam gas refinery are the risks of work at height and inhalation of sour gas containing hydrogen sulfide. Therefore, it is better to apply engineering measures in different units of the refinery to reduce the level of risk.

Ergonomic factors can increase the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the ergonomic variables on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders between the urban and out of urban drivers in Ilam province.
The population studied in this research including 251 peoples of the urban and out of urban drivers in Ilam province in 2007-2008. The different variables such as driving state, seat position, driver cab condition, the diameter of the steering wheel, steering angle to the horizon and etc were examined. Data analysis was conducted by statistical methods (SPSS-16 and x2 test) and the p-value of 0.05 was used as significant.
The results showed that there was a significant relationship between the slope of the pedals, the height of steering wheel, seat position, availability of the driver cab, steering angle, the use of driver back protector with the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the spinal pain due to the driving (p Recognition of many factors in design of equipment of driver cab to create the safe environment for drivers is necessary. Therefore, the condition around of driver in car should be identified and so design that driver feeling comfort and relax on duty.

humans are always trying to improve the lives and comfort, and in this way with the acquisition of materials, equipment, devices and technology as well as the additional and new risks exposure. Identification of these risks could have a role in reducing complications. PHA method implementation can help to identify and classify the risks and the events.
This cross - sectional study was conducted in Kermanshah Oil Refinery. The most important tools used in the study preliminary risk analysis, is risk checklist. In this regard, valuable resources are identified and listed, and then the acceptable risk levels and the scope of the assessment were defined. In the next phase, the system hazards were identification, and levels and numbers of risks were calculated.
This study examined 23 refinery units, and a total of 447 risks were identified. The results showed that unacceptable risk levels with 6.4% and the adverse risk levels with 49.22% was lowest and highest risk percent, respectively. The highest number of risk associated with the refining unit with 81 and the lowest was in the Electrical warehouse unit with 2 cases.
The results of this study showed that were the most of risks identified in the adverse levels. To reduce risk level and improve safety, the use of appropriate methods and corrective measures to eliminate, reduce or control risks is essential.