فهرست مطالب زهرا کرم پور قبچاق

Diabetic mellitus nephropathy is one of the most important implication factors in kidney´s physiological function in diabetes mellitus. Having major role in filtration, in hyperglycemic condition kidney has shown more damages in comparison with other tissues. This study was done to determine the effect of combined Atorvastatin and Zinc oxide on the biochemical and histopathological alterations in kidney of diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 40 female Wistar rats were randomly allocated into five groups including normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats treated with atorvastatin (20mg/kg/bw daily, orally) (D+A), Zinc oxide (30mg/kg/bw daily, orally) (D+Z) and combination of each drug in half dose (daily, orally) (D+A+Z). Diabetes induced in rats by a single intraperitoneal injection of 60mg/kg/bw streptozotocin-diabetic.Animals treated for one month. At the end of the study, kidney weight and body weight and biochemical factors including creatinine and urea were measured to assess renal function. For determing the histopathology of kidney tissue, sections with 4-5 micrometer were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The level of serum creatinine and urea was significantly increased in diabetic rats in compare to controls (P<0.05). Treatment of diabetic rats with half doses of combination of atorvastatin and Zinc oxide reduced the level of creatinine, urea and renal tissue damage in comparision with diabetic rats without treatment (P<0.05). This study showed that the combination of atorvastatin and Zinc oxide has effect on controlling diabetic nephropathy.

Diabetes mellitus is accompanied with enhanced oxidative stress and reduced activity of the antioxidant defense system. Due to the significant role of enhanced oxidative stress in the development of ovarian damage in diabetics, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of zinc sulfate on oxidative stress markers in ovarian tissue of diabetic rats.   This experimental study was performed on 24 female Wistar rats weighing 120 -150 gr. The rats were divided into four groups: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), and two diabetic groups treated with zinc sulfate (15 and 30 mg/kg). Zinc sulfate was administered one week after streptozotocin injection for 28 days (via gavage daily). At the end of the experiment, the body weight and blood sugar of the animals were measured and compared with the weight and blood glucose measured in the week before the study. Also malondialdehyde levels (MDA), catalase activity (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as oxidative stress indices in ovarian tissue were measured. In the end, the data were analyzed statistically using the SPSS software, and ANOVA and Tukey’s tests were analyzed.   Chronic uncontrolled Hyperglycemia (blood glucose greater than 300 mg/dl) significantly increased the levels of MDA in diabetic animals compared to normal animals (p<0.05). Also, hyperglycemia caused a decrease in the activity of the catalase enzyme and the levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in diabetic animals (p<0/05). and Hyperglycemia reduced the activity of the catalase enzyme and ultimately the capacity The total antioxidant of the total antioxidant (TAC) of diabetic animals (p<0/05). Administration of zinc sulfate by increasing the activity of the catalase enzyme reduced the levels of MDA in diabetic animal ovary tissue in comparison with the diabetic control group, but could not significantly affect TAC.   Administration of zinc sulfate for four weeks in a dose-dependent manner reduces oxidative stress indexes in ovarian tissue of diabetic rats.

Due to the progress of diabetes and the use of alternative herbal medicines, In this study, the effects of oral administration of the mucilage extracted from pods of Abelmoschus esculentus (Ae) fruits on serum levels of glucose, lipids and morphology of Langerhans islets in diabetic rats was investigated. In this experimental study, 24 female wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (n=6): normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC) and 2 diabetic groups that received (oral) 300 and 500 mg/kg/body weight of Abelmoschus esculentus. After preparing and confirming the type of, mucilage extraction from the fruit’s green okra was done by evaporation device in vacuum. Diabetes mellitus was induced by single dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 60mg/kg/body weight in diabetic groups. After 4 weeks, the serum levels of glucose and lipid profile of all groups were analyzed. Also morphology of Langerhans islets in the 4 groups was evaluated using H&E staining method. The data analyzed by SPSS software using ANOVA and Tukey tests. The results indicate a significant increase (P<0/05) in glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and significant decrease (P<0.05) in HDL in diabetic rats compared to normal control. The use of the mucilage extracted from A. esculentus caused a significant decrease in serum levels of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and significant increase in serum level of HDL comparison with diabetic group. according to the results of this study, the mucilage extracted from A. esculentus could be effective on control hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia caused by diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder associated with the liver which functions as an insulin-dependent organ. To evaluate the effects of combined atorvastatin and zinc on liver dysfunction and hepatic injuries in the conditions of hyperglycemia. Fifty female Wistar rats in five groups, 10 in each: one control group (group NC) and four diabetic groups [diabetic control (group DC), treatment with atorvastatin 20mg/kg (group DA), treatment with zinc oxid 30mg/kg (group DZ) and treatment with combination in half doses of both (group DZA)] were used in this study. Diabetes was induced by the injection of 60 mg/kg STZ IP. One month after treatment (orally), animals were euthanized and the levels of functional liver markers: liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP), bilirubin, albumin and total protein were assessed in the serum. For pathology of liver tissue, sections with hematoxylin and eosin staining, histopathological sections according to standard method, were prepared. At the end, the data Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Tukey test. In diabetic rats, serum levels of functional liver markers and bilirubin were significantly increased and albumin, total protein were decreased, as compared to control normal group, and treatment of diabetic rats with half doses of atorvastatin and zinc in combination had synergistic benefits causing decreased levels of serum biomarkers of hepathic injury and increased levels of albumin and total protein of the rats more favorable than treatment with full doses of either drug alone(p<0/05). Histopathological findings were in consistent with biochemical results. Findings suggest that combined atorvastatin and zinc have synergistic benefits in controlling the damage and liver dysfunction caused by inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats.
Conflict of interest: non declared

Diabetes is an abnormality in metabolism, which occurs because of hyperglycemia resulting from failure in insulin release, function, or both. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of combined atorvastatin and zinc on serum levels of glucose and insulin and morphology of pancreas in type 1 diabetic rats.
In this experimental study, 40 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=8): normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic rats treated with 20mg/kg atorvastatin (DA), 30mg/kg zinc oxide (DZ) and combination of each drug in half dose (DZA). Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin. One week after streptozotocin injection, animals were treated with gastric gavage daily for one month. At the end of the treatment, rats sacrificed and fasting blood samples were collected from cervical vein and serum levels of glucose and insulin were measured with commercial kits by spectrophotometery and elisa, respectively. The pancreas of rats were removed and fixed and after tissue processing stained with H&E for light microscopic investigations. At the end, the data were analyzed statistically by SPSS software, ANOVA and Tukey tests.
The results showed that zinc and atorvastatin caused the decrease of blood sugar and increase of insulin, as well as the decrease of the complications of diabetes, such as damage to pancreatic tissue, and reducing the number and diameter of the pancreatic islets. The combined of zinc and atorvastatin followed the decreasing of the lower levels of diabetic complications, caused the significant decreasing (p It seems that a combination of atorvastatin and zinc has synergistic benefits to control of the glucose levels and insulin as well as improving pancreatic islets

Diabetes is the most common endocrine disease associated with impaired glucose and lipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combined atorvastatin and zinc sulfate on blood glucose and lipids in diabetic rats.
One control group (group NC) and four diabetic groups as diabetic control (group DC), treatment with atorvastatin 20mg/kg (group DA), treatment with zinc sulfate 30mg/kg (group DZ) and treatment with combination in half doses of both (group DZA)]. One month after treatment (orally), animals were euthanized and serum levels of glucose and lipids were evaluated. At the end, the data were analyzed by SPSS software, ANOVA and Tukey tests.
The results of this study showed that treatment of diabetic rats with atorvastatin alone rather than decreasing blood sugar, caused a significant decrease (p It seems that combination of atorvastatin and zinc oxide have synergistic benefits in controlling blood sugar levels and lipid profile and thus in controlling diabetes.