فهرست مطالب سارا دخش

Retraction of scientific publications is a necessary measure to protect their authenticity against fake and invalid publications. This study has analyzed the retracted publications of Iranian researchers affiliated with the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology (MSRT) from 1992 to 2021 to measure their level of compliance with the publication ethics standards.

This is an applied study conducted using the descriptive-analytical research method and implemented using a scientometrics approach. The study population consisted of all Iranian retracted publications in technology, physical, and humanities and social sciences from 1992 to the end of 2021 indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection, and in the following descriptive information, i.e. the frequency, percentage and mean of the scientometrics indicators of these works are provided.

Results showed that the Iranian researchers of technology, physical, and humanities and social sciences had the largest number of retracted publications compared to other countries with 182, 100, and 7 documents, respectively. In the publications of all these sciences, the three factors "Duplicate Publication", "Issues & Errors About Authorship" and "Plagiarism" were the most frequent reasons for publications retracting.

It seems necessary that the research system of the MSRT develops the culture of systems thinking in its research community. It also needs to clarify and inform the mission of each of the research units within the framework of the publication ethics standards.

Interprofessional education forming interprofessional identity through effective interactions. This study aimed to assess the readiness of students at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences for interprofessional education.

Methods & Materials: 

This was a cross-sectional descriptive study; the sample included 342 students from the Medicine, Nursing, Paramedicine, Dentistry, Health, and Nutrition faculties at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences. Data were gathered through the standard questionnaire developed by Yamani et al. and analyzed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson correlation test) were employed to analyze the data.

The average age of the students was 21.64 ± 2.48; 68% were female and 32% were male. 58.5% held Bachelor's degrees, and 31.9% were pursuing an MD. 85.4% of students lived in student dormitories. The mean overall score of the students' viewpoints was 72.09 ± 7.01. The highest mean score among the surveyed items was related to the item "Collaborative learning among learners from different fields is ultimately beneficial for patients to solve their problems," while the lowest mean score was related to the item "Collaborative learning helps me to know my limits." There was a significant relationship between students' viewpoints and gender (p-value=0.004), with the average being higher among female students. However, there was no relationship between students' viewpoints and their educational level, college, or habitation.

Given the acceptability of students' readiness (higher than the mean score), it is suggested that policy and decision-makers design training programs incorporating interprofessional education and teamwork for effective interactions.

A targeted research goes through some stages called the research process to solve problems. The research process can be defined as the life cycle of any research, and each stage requires the implementation of unique ethical principles. By entering the era of internet-based research, it is necessary to increase the researcher’s level of awareness, attitude, and performance regarding the standards of research ethics. Therefore, the awareness of different types of scientific misconduct and familiarity with ethical duties in the research process are the first steps in the development of the ethics-oriented path in scientific societies. Also, the research system activists, from authors, editors, publishers, and reviewers of publications, to policymakers, i.e. managers and decision-makers of universities, organizations, and research centers, by adhering to the principles of research ethics or providing appropriate infrastructure to promote, cultivate and implement ethical standards, should Help smooth this path in the research system. Therefore, to implement complementary measures, the present study strived to analyze and explain the operational dos and don’ts of research ethics, especially in the policymaking aspect of the research system by entering the second step.

This study reviewed the research and documents related to research ethics in the dimensions of internal and external policies, to analyze and explain the dos and don’ts of research ethics confronted by research system policymakers. To collect texts, three internal databases such as "Magiran", "SID" and "Civilica" and three external citation databases such as "Web of Science", "Scopus" and "Google Scholar" It has been examined in both categories regardless of the period.

Through studying the texts, “scientific formalism”, “publishing pressure”, “focusing on punitive policies”, and “weak monitoring system of journals” were identified as the don’ts faced by the policymakers of the research system, each of which in turn has produced obstacles in the development path ethical research. Furthermore, measures such as “focusing on problem-oriented and demand-oriented research”, “tendency to systems thinking”, and “directing toward academic socialization” were identified as the dos of the research system.

Along with the formulation of ethical codes in research, the policymakers of the research system must implement mechanisms to prevent and manage research violations with a positive approach and cultivate ethical activists. Meanwhile, scientific structure and culture as well as an efficient educational system can significantly contribute to the institutionalization of ethical values and attitudes in research. Therefore, it is clear that the policymakers of the research system, while formulating legal and criminal principles and standards, need to pay special attention to incentive policies to support scientific self-regulation institutions and develop and promote healthy and applied research. Finally, it is suggested that in future studies, the level of performance of the activists and especially the policymakers of the research system in the field of fulfilling research ethics should be evaluated and compared. Also, at the national level, it is necessary to identify the factors influencing the construction of the desired future of research and publication ethics so that the results can be used in the policies of the research system.

Today, there is a huge volume and complexity of knowledge produced by the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology, and the problems and existing problems and limitations in providing resources and providing the necessary infrastructure, especially for engineering research in industries and organizations. Applying optimal knowledge is important for exploiting research results and achievements within the context of knowledge translation. So that investment in engineering and industry groups is not wasted, and these studies will be directed to commercialization. Accordingly, the present study aimed to determine the knowledge translation status of faculty members of engineering departments at the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and has been developed as a survey with a descriptive approach. The research population consisted of faculty members of the Faculty of Engineering at the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz.

The results showed that the performance of faculty members of engineering departments in the field of “research question” with a mean and standard deviation of 19.39 ± 5.11, for “knowledge production” with a mean and standard deviation of 24.98 ± 5.96, in the field of “knowledge transfer” with a mean and standard deviation of 39.52 ± 10.34, and a mean and standard deviation of 12.04 ± 4.50 for “promoting the use of evidence”, all of which are deemed to be at the desired levels. In the final assessment, the researchers' performance status in the entire process of knowledge translation was reported with a mean and standard deviation of 95.94 ± 23.25 was considered to be at the desired level as well.

First, the Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz must devise an appropriate structure such as a knowledge translation committee and provide the grounds for the participation of knowledge brokers in order to improve the state of knowledge translation to a very desirable level. Furthermore, the university must adapt the research organization to the extant needs by following the focused activities of the industry and community relations group.Accordingly, another remarkable factor in attaining the above end is the provision of costs and financial support for research in line with the aims of knowledge translation. In addition, the research grants for applied and operational projects can be increased, and some of the promotion and employment regulations can be directed towards knowledge translation to encourage researchers and motivate their decisions with the assistance of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology and the Vice Chancellor for Education.

The objective of the present study is to identify and categorize the dimensions and applications of artificial intelligence in library services.

The present research method is the meta-synthesis applied using the seven-stage Sandelowski & Barroso to obtain a comprehensive combination of the research subject based on qualitative studies. These steps include the clear problem statement, systematic literature review, search of selected texts, extraction of information provided in texts, analysis and combination of findings, quality control, and presentation of results. The English papers related to the research field from 2010 to 2020 in the Web of Science database and the Persian articles relevant to the research field from 2001 to December 2020 in the Magiran, Noormags, SID, IranDoc, Civilica, Ensani.ir, and ISC databases have been investigated. After concordance of article acceptance criteria, 35 papers out of 1116 retrieved articles were selected for review by the meta-synthesis method.

According to the evaluations performed by the content analysis approach, 35 articles identified with the most overlapping in three topics, eight concepts, and 36 codes for the dimensions of artificial intelligence were labeled in libraries. The research findings indicate that artificial intelligence will play a role in acquisitions, organization, search on databases, reference, book circulation, information retrieval, planning and design and development of the library, and more extensively employed in public services and technical services compared to the library management services. Moreover, by comparing the frequency of application of artificial intelligence in the concepts extracted from the articles, it is concluded that the functions of artificial intelligence mostly affect the circulation department of the library; the reference, information retrieval, and information organization are in the next places, respectively. According to studies, management services are at the lowest level in terms of being affected by the advantages of artificial intelligence. In the indicators section, "diagnosis and understanding of user information need", "selecting the appropriate strategy for search and responding users," and "analysis of question and search strategy" are the most affected indicators, and "knowledge management in the library" and "digital library design" are the least affected indicators by the functions of artificial intelligence.

The results of the present study indicate that artificial intelligence can make extensive developments in all sections of libraries and will drastically change the library. Identifying the components of artificial intelligence in libraries and adding knowledge in this field makes librarians and information center managers better understand artificial intelligence technology and its potentials for application in different sectors of libraries.

The number of libraries utilizing smart computers and software to provide different services is unprecedentedly increasing worldwide. Librarians and informants have also attempted to use AI technologies such as expert systems, chatbots, and other smart services to improve and upgrade the quality and quantity of services. Therefore, the present study focused on identifying and introducing the capabilities and applications of expert systems and chatbots for library services.

This study has been conducted in a systematic review method with a seven-step process by Wright et al. These steps in the systematic method are: determining the research question and then the protocol or contract for performing the task, searching for texts, extracting data, evaluating quality, analyzing data and presenting the results, and finally, interpreting the results. Then keywords in this field were searched in international (i.e., Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar) and domestic (i.e., Magiran, Scientific Information Database/SID, and CIVILICA) databases regardless of the time interval. Finally, 34 articles were selected.

The review of 34 related studies revealed that expert systems are used as technical, general, and managerial services in libraries. However, due to the nature of chatbots that are used for smart conversations and communications as human interactions, various studies have so far identified and introduced the applications of these chatbots only in the general services section of libraries while in reference services and interviews in particular.

Eventually, librarians are expected to become familiar with the capabilities and applications of expert systems and chatbots, as well as participating in the design and application phase of expert systems for libraries. It is further suggested that further studies investigate the role and application of chatbots in the technical and managerial services of libraries to provide a basis for designing these intelligent systems for all library services.

The present study was conducted to determine the emergence of prominent subjects and to outline the intellectual structure of semantic web research.

This descriptive and applied study was conducted using the scientometric method and social network analysis. The study population consisted of all semantic web documents indexed in Web of Science journals during 1990-2019. To do so, the “Semantic Web” (SW) keyword as general term was selected in the “Topic” field covered titles, abstracts, and keywords from the beginning to 2019 to collect data. Next, the data of 16,111 retrieved documents in plain text format of 500 characters per file were extracted on 9 October 2020. Ultimately, 34 files were entered into the CiteSpace software for the final analysis.

The results indicated that a major SW development occurred in the 21st century. Two separate periods (2007-2011, 2014-2016) had the highest publication statistics. Furthermore, “Michel Dumontier” was the most influential author while maintaining a high burst (8.50) and centrality (19) in the SW co-authorship network. “Karlsruhe” University in Germany held the highest burst (27.56) and performance at the same time among the 62 universities active in SW. Finally, the subject categories of computer science and interdisciplinary applications, engineering, control and automation systems and artificial intelligence were introduced as emerging subject categories on the SW, as these subjects demonstrated the highest centrality and burst at the same time.

Overall, the analysis of the keyword co-occurrence network of SW researches showed that the time trend of the emergence of these keywords started with the SW and XML as well as recently focused on the keywords including knowledge management, e-commerce, information retrieval, metadata, knowledge-based systems and network interoperability.

The knowledge transfer gap is one of the challenges facing the healthcare system. Nowadays, choosing the right and all-inclusive audience, determining the research priorities and publishing the key message of the research in a simple and understandable language have a special place in research. Knowledge translation is an effective strategy for acceptance and application of research results in practice. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the performance of researchers at Bushehr University of Medical Sciences from the transfer of research question to promoting the use of evidence in the process of knowledge translation.
This descriptive survey recruited a population of researchers from Bushehr University of Medical Sciences who were randomly selected. Eighty-three researchers were selected if they met the inclusion criteria of having at least five approved research projects from 2011 to 2015 as the main researcher or collaborator. Data were collected using Self-Assessment Questionnaire of Academic Researchers Knowledge Translation Activities, which was validated in another phase of this research.
The findings of this study showed that the researcher's performance was better in the following items: knowing research priorities of the university (4±1.08), familiarity with the users of the research results (3.61±0.90) (the transfer of research question domain), conducting up-to-date research in accordance with the needs of the stakeholders (4.25±0.84), performing the necessary activities to produce a transmittable message (4.09±0.83) and observing the appropriate interval between determining the subject and beginning the study (4.08±0.83) (knowledge production domain), publication of research results in local and foreign journals (4.58±0.65), presenting the research results in local and foreign conferences, seminars and congresses (4.22±0.95) (knowledge transfer domain) and conducting research with the objective of evidence-based decision making (3.97±1.02) (promoting the use of evidence domain).
The results indicate that although the performance of researchers is Bushehr University of Medical Sciences is at a desirable level in the whole process of knowledge translation, but the gap between the knowledge and practice in transfer of research question and knowledge requires effective intervention. Therefore, it is suggested that a Knowledge Translation Committee be established at the Deputy of Research and Technology.