فهرست مطالب سقا فرج تبار بهرستاق

Aging process is associated with disruption in mitochondria and liver. The aim of this study was to was to evaluate the effect of continuous aerobic exercise with citrus aurantium L. on the expression of HM and MOTS-C genes in the mitochondria of the liver tissue of elderly rats. To conduct the present experimental research, 32 elderly female rats over 14 months of age and average weight of 270 to 320 grams were divided into 4 groups of 8 including 1- Control (CN), 2- Consumption of citrus aurantium L. (CA), 3- Training (T), 4- Training and consumption of citrus aurantium L. (T+CA). During eight weeks, groups 3 and 4 ran three sessions a week with an intensity of 65-75% of the maximum running speed on the treadmill. Also, groups 2 and 4 received 300 mg/kg of CA extract intraperitoneally. 48 hours after the research protocol, gene expression levels in liver tissue were measured by real-time PCR method. Expression of HM and MOTS-C genes in CA (p=0.032 and p=0.042), T (p=0.039 and p=0.048) and T+CA (p=0.0001 and p=0.001) groups compared to CN group had a significant increase. Eight weeks of T and CA alone improved the expression of genes involved in Liver cellular senescence markers of elderly rats. Also, the simultaneous effect of exercise and CA on HM was greater than the effect of each one alone.

In the last decade, vitamin D has attracted more attention as a non-enzymatic antioxidant compound. The aim of this study was to survey of changes in BDNF and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels after a period of high intensity interval resistance training (HIIRT) and vitamin D intake in inactive overweight women women.

The subjects were first selected by the available sampling method, then they were randomly divided into four groups: control, interval exercise, vitamin D, and combined. HIIRT was performed in three sets at intensity with 80% one maximum repetition and 2.5 minutes rest between sets. Vitamin D and combined groups consumed vitamin D (50000 units) once a week. BDNF and MDA levels were measured before and after the interventions.

The findings showed that the MDA levels in the interval exercise, vitamin D and combined groups decreased after 8 weeks and BDNF levels increased significantly. But the combined intervention had a stronger effect on the change of MDA and BDNF levels compared to the other two interventions (p<0.05). In addition, no significant difference was observed between the changes in the levels of interval exercise and vitamin D (P<0.05).

It seems that HIIRT and vitamin D consumption can exert their protective effects in overweight people with abnormal levels of vitamin D, by reducing MDA levels and up-regulation of BDNF protein. But these effects were further developed with combined intervention.

Exercise induces various adaptations, including increased antioxidant capacity, enhanced mitochondrial size, and improved insulin signaling. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise along with aqueous garlic extract consumption on markers of cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis in diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, 40 male Wistar rats (5 weeks old, weighing 162.1 ± 15.2 grams) were obtained from the Pasteur Institute. Eight rats were assigned to the healthy control group (CN). The remaining 32 rats were rendered diabetic through a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) and were randomly divided into four groups: diabetes (DM), diabetes + exercise (TDM), diabetes + garlic (GDM), and diabetes + exercise + garlic (TGDM). The exercise groups underwent an aerobic exercise program on a treadmill for 8 weeks. Additionally, each rat received 1 milliliter of garlic extract (0.4 g per 100 g of body weight) via gavage daily. Changes in the expression of PGC-1α and Nrf2 genes were measured in heart tissue using real-time PCR.

Induction of diabetes resulted in a significant decrease in PGC-1α (P=0.0001) and Nrf2 (P=0.0001) gene expression compared to the control group. In the TDM group, PGC-1α and Nrf2 expressions significantly increased (P=0.038 and P=0.031, respectively), as did those in the GDM group (P=0.036 and P=0.025, respectively) compared to the DM group. However, the combined intervention of exercise and garlic supplementation did not yield significant improvements compared to each intervention alone regarding PGC-1α and Nrf2 expression (P< 0.05).

Both garlic supplementation and exercise may inhibit streptozotocin-induced cardiac damage by upregulating the PGC-1α and Nrf2 pathways. Further studies are warranted to explore this area more comprehensively.

 Consuming a high-fat diet causes obesity, which is one of the hallmarks of metabolic syndrome. The present study aimed to assess the effect of aerobic training and capsaicin supplementation on the expression of lipogenic genes SREBP-1c and FASN in the liver tissue of obese rats

 For this experimental research, 40 eight-week-old male Wistar rats weighing 181.5±2.3 grams were selected as samples. Thereafter, eight rats were fed a normal diet (ND), and 32 rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and randomly assigned to five groups: normal diet, high-fat diet, high-fat diet-training, high-fat diet-capsaicin, and high-fat diet-training-capsaicin. The exercise groups performed an incremental aerobic exercise program (15-25 m/min, 30-60 min/day, five days/week) on a treadmill for eight weeks. Capsaicin (4 mg/kg/day) was taken orally by gavage once a day.

Induction of obesity was associated with increased expression of SREBP-1C (P=0.001) and FASN (P=0.001). It was also revealed that aerobic exercise with capsaicin supplementation significantly decreased SREBP-1C and FASN gene expression in the experimental groups compared to the obese group. Finally, this reduction trend was significant in the combined group compared to the supplement group.

It is possible that the use of capsaicin, along with aerobic physical activity, is an effective strategy to neutralize the markers of hepatic lipogenesis.

Obesity is considered as a global disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise with royal jelly on the expression of BCL-2, Bax and the ratio of BCL2/Bax in the pancreatic tissue of obese rats. In this research, 40 5-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups of normal diet (ND) and high-fat diet (HFD). Rats in the ND group were fed a standard diet (23% protein, 65% carbohydrates, and 12% fat) and the HFD group were fed a high-fat diet (17% protein, 43% carbohydrates, and 40% fat) for eight weeks. Then, the rats were divided into 5 groups: normal diet, high-fat diet, high-fat-exercise (HFDT), high-fat-supplemented (HFDRj) and high-fat-exercise-supplemented (HFDTRj) groups. The training group performed incremental aerobic training for 8 weeks and 5 days per week. Also, the supplement groups were daily given 100 mg of royal jelly mixed in distilled water. The results showed that induction of obesity through the consumption of high-fat foods increases BCL-2 gene expression and significantly decreases BAX gene expression in the high-fat group compared to the control group. Also, endurance exercises and gel supplementation decreased BCL-2 gene expression and increased BAX gene expression in the experimental groups compared to the high-fat group and these changes were more noticeable in the combined group. It is possible that aerobic training along with the use of royal jelly can be an effective strategy in improving the condition of obesity through the process of apoptosis.

 Nrf2 transcription factor is the major regulator of antioxidant proteins and is expressed with PPARγ in all tissues of the body. Furthermore, garlic includes hypoglycemic effects by preventing the inactivation of insulin. The aim of this study was to explain effects of resistance training with garlic supplementation on Nrf2 and PPARγ gene expression in streptozotocin-treated diabetic rats.

In the present study, study method was experimental. To carry out the present laboratory study, 40 5-w-old male Wistar rats weighing 162.12 g ±15.24 were selected and randomly divided into five control groups of healthy, diabetes, diabetes-exercise, diabetes-garlic and diabetes-exercise-garlic groups. Rats became diabetics by injecting nicotinamide and intraperitoneally injecting STZ after 15 min. Rats in the supplement groups received 500 mg of garlic extract per kilogram of the body weight daily by oral gavage. Resistance training was carried out on a ladder with a slope of 80° and with weights equal to 30–100% of the body weight. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test were used for inferential analysis of data.

In general, Nrf2 expression significantly increased in diabetes-exercise (p = 0.022), diabetes-garlic (p = 0.029) and diabetes-exercise-garlic (p = 0.001) groups, compared to diabetic group; and diabetes-exercise-garlic compared to diabetes-exercise (p = 0.048) and diabetes-garlic group (p = 0.038). Expression of PPARγ increased significantly in diabetes-exercise (p = 0.021), diabetes-garlic (p = 0.046) and diabetes-exercise-garlic (p = 0.006) groups, compared to diabetic group.

Possibly, consumption of garlic extract, resistance training and a combination of resistance training with garlic extract supplement improve the antioxidant status and decrease the oxidative stress of the liver through the upregulation of Nrf2 and PPARγ.

Oxidative stress contributes to insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, and hyperglycemia-induced cellular damage, leading to diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study is to explain the effect of aerobic exercise and berberine chloride on the expression of UCP-1 and PPARγ genes in the visceral fat tissue of diabetic rats.

In this laboratory study, 32 adult male Wistar rats weighing about 240-280 were randomly divided into four groups (n=8): diabetes (DM), diabetes-berberine (DMB), diabetes-aerobic exercise (DMT), diabetes-aerobic exercise-berberine (DMTB). The rats became diabetic by injecting 60 mg/kg STZ. The rats whose blood sugar was higher than 300 mg/dl were included in the present study as diabetic animals. The exercise groups then performed an incremental aerobic exercise program (10-18 m/min, 10-40 min/day, five days/week) on a treadmill for six weeks. The supplement group also received berberine chloride (30 mg/kg/day) orally by gavage once a day.

Data analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the expression of UCP-1 (p=0.000) and PPARγ (p=0.002) genes between the groups. Furthermore, the results showed that the expression of UCP-1 gene in the diabetes-exercise group (2.96±1.85 and p=0.015), diabetes-berberine chloride (2.88±1.16 and p=0.02) and diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride (4.7±0.97 and p=0.000) showed a significant increase compared to the diabetes group. Also, PPARγ gene expression in the diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride group (1.6±0.36 and p=0.002) showed a significant increase compared to the diabetes group.

According to the results of this study, aerobic exercise and berberine chloride is one of the possible ways to prevent inflammation and damage caused by diabetes.

Mitochondrial collapse caused by oxidative stress is one of the important factors of insulin resistance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and berberine chloride on the indices of mitochondrial regeneration and biogenesis of visceral adipose tissue in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

32 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8): diabetes (DM), diabetes-berberine (BDM), diabetes-aerobic exercise (TDM), diabetes-aerobic exercise-berberine (TBDM). Diabetes was induced by STZ injection in male rats. Berberine chloride (30 mg/kg/day) was administered orally by gavage once a day. The exercise groups performed an incremental aerobic exercise program (10-18 m/min, 10-40 min/day, and five days/week) on a treadmill for six weeks. Gene expression levels of SIRT1 and AMPK factors in visceral adipose tissue were measured using Real time-PCR method. Data analysis was conducted using one-way analysis of variance and if significant, Tukey's post hoc test was used at a significance level of p<0.05.

Data analysis showed that there is a significant difference in the expression of SIRT1 (p<0.05) and AMPK (p<0.05) genes among the groups. Furthermore, the results showed that the expression of SIRT1 gene in the diabetes-exercise group (p<0.05) and diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride (p<0.05) had a significant increase compared to the diabetes group. Berberine chloride alone could not significantly increase SIRT1 gene expression compared to the diabetic group (p>0.05). Also, the expression of AMPK gene in diabetes-exercise (p<0.05), diabetes-berberine chloride (p<0.05) and diabetes-exercise-berberine chloride (p<0.05) groups had a significant increase compared to the diabetes group.

Based on the above findings, it is possible that the simultaneous effect of exercise and berberine chloride could inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation caused by diabetes through the AMPK-SIRT1-PPARγ pathway.

Sedentary life and vitamin D deficiency are considered as related factors to increased inflammation and oxidative stress in obese individuals. This study was performed to determine the effect of Pilates training with vitamin D supplement on Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in overweight men.

In this single-blind clinical trial, 56 overweight men were randomly assigned to control, Pilates, vitamin D and combination groups. The Pilates training was performed for 8 weeks with the intensity of 50-75% of reserve heart rate, 3sessions/week. The vitamin D and combination groups received 50,000 units of vitamin D per week. The levels of MCP1 and SOD activity were in the first and 8 weeks after interventions.

Vitamin D status in subjects was lower than normal level. MCP-1 level in Pilates, vitamin D and combination groups significantly reduced and SOD activity increased after 8 weeks (P<0.05), but the combined intervention had a stronger effect on the modulation of MCP-1 level and SOD activity compared to the other two interventional groups (P<0.05). In addition, the effect of Pilates exercises on increasing SOD activity was more than vitamin D intake (P<0.05).

It seems that Pilates training and Vitamin D intake can be exert their protective effects in overweight individuals with abnormal vitamin D status by an increase on the SOD activity and decreasing the inflammatory index of MCP-1. Although these effects developed with combined intervention, Pilate training was associated with greater increases in antioxidant levels than vitamin D.

Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease, with both genetic and environmental factors influencing its prevalence. The aim of this experimental study was to determine the effect of 6 weeks of resistance training on GLP1 expression in pancreatic tissue as well as glucose and insulin levels in type 2 diabetic rats.

The statistical population consisted of all male Wistar rats of Pasteur Institute of Iran, from which 14 10-week-old rats weighing 220 ± 20 g were purchased. The studied rats were exposed to 6 weeks of high-fat diet and STZ injection of type 2 diabetes and were randomly divided into two groups (control and resistance). The resistance group then participated in a resistance training course for 6 weeks with 5 sessions per week. 48 hours after the last training session, fasting glucose and insulin levels and GLP1 expression in pancreatic tissue of both groups were measured and compared by independent t-test. All statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS / Win software version 16.

Resistance training improved fasting glucose levels compared to the control group. Serum insulin levels and GLP1 expression in pancreatic tissue of the resistance group increased significantly compared to the control group. Significant level of α = % 5 was considered.

Based on the findings of this study, increased serum insulin in response to resistance training in T2D rats may be attributed with increased Mafa expression in pancreas tissue.

Foxo1 is a transcription factor in insulin signaling in the liver. The function of Foxo1 is important in the ability of insulin to regulate hepatic glucose production and glucose homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of resistance training program on Foxo1 expression in liver cells as well as glucose and insulin serum levels in male Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes.

The statistical population of this experimental study was 10-weeks old, male Wistar rats weighing 220±20 g (n=14). The studied rats were subjected to 6 weeks of high-fat diet and STZ injection for type 2 diabetes induction and then rats were randomly divided into two groups (control and resistance). The training group participated in a resistance training course for 6 weeks, 5 sessions per week, in the form of 4 sets and 5 repetitions per set, climbing a 26-step ladder to a height of one meter with a vertical slope of 80%. Finally, 48 hours after the last training session, fasting blood  glucose and insulin levels as well as Foxo1 expression level  in liver cells of both groups were measured and compared by independent t-test (a=%5).

The resistance training improved fasting blood glucose compared to control subjects (p>0.001). the serum insulin levels were significantly increased (p=0.042) and Foxo1 expression significantly decreased in resistance group when compared with control subjects (p=0.023).

Based on these data, the decrease in glucose concentration in the exercise group can probably be attributed to the decreased expression of Foxo1 in hepatocyte cells in response to resistance training.

Studying the structural features of successful organizations is evidence of this claim that complementary organizational supportive system is the existence of managerial supportive approaches, desirable styles and patterns of behavior that have a direct impact on individual performance and consequently not to employee turnover. Meanwhile, the quality of the relationship between operational staff and human resources with senior managers of the organization, is a factor affecting the working quality of employees and consequently the emergence of professional work behaviors by employees in order to accept and align individual aims with organizational goals. On the other hand, many subcultures are formed in sports organizations, according to the nature of work; since these organizations are among the human-centered organizations, having an organizational culture that generates commitment and efficiency of employees will play an important role in acting as a successful entity. In this regard, the results of several surveys analyzing the relationship between supportive behaviors and the existence of justice-oriented patterns with staff turnover have shown that the emphasis on the significant role of distributive justice and procedural justice in the turnover tendency, stated that the managers’ fair behaviors promote employee participation in achieving organizational goals and is an important adjusting factor in the decision to turnover or not to turnover. In this study, the pattern of turnover tendency in sports and youth administration based on the role of organizational honesty, culture and commitment has been studied based on the conceptual model; and the goal of the study is to create an organizational supportive driving factors’ pattern of the turnover tendency.

The present research is a Sequential-Exploratory Mixed Method Design type and was implemented in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. The statistical samples of the study. based on the minimum statistical sample required in structural equation research, included (n = 115) employees and executives and staff of sports and youth departments Golestan province who were randomly selected for the purpose of the study. In the qualitative phase of the research, through semi-organized interviews with university professors in the field of management and organizational behavior and staff and senior managers of sports and youth departments (n = 15) using the Delphi method to achieve theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, with confirming the optimal reliability of the questionnaire items was implemented using Cronbachchr('39')s alpha method, the modified version of Kim (2007) turnover intention questionnaire, the employee-employer relationship quality questionnaire of Grunig and Huang (2002), the organizational commitment questionnaire of Mayer et al. (1993), as well as a modified version of the Rupp and Cropanzano (2002) Organizational Integrity Questionnaire, which was set as a 5-point Likert scale. Finally, using KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test and Bartlett’s test of sphericity, in order to ensure the structural validity of latent variables and optimal fit of the research conceptual model, LISREL and SPSS software were used at a significance level of 0.05.

According to the results of the study, the quality component of employee-organization relations (β = 0.78) and managerial honesty (β = 0.77) had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency of employees, respectively. But structural analysis of the path regarding the component of quality of employee-organization relations, showed that among the four components: trust level, commitment, satisfaction and control, the occurrence of reciprocal control behaviors with factor load (β = 0.89), was the main explanatory factor. Also, the output of regression test in predicting turnover tendency showed that the regression coefficient of the quality component of the employee-organization relationship equal to (β = -0.63). A significant percentage of variance (R2 = 0.64), given the number of standard error, is explained by the quality component of the employee-organization relationship. Therefore, according to the significance of ANOVA test, the positive and significant effect of this component on the latent variable was explained (F = 11.67). Analyzing regression coefficient values (β = -0.53) and variance error (R2 = 0.57) of the supervisor honesty component also confirmed its significant effect on the latent variable of the survey (F = 17.26).

The quality of employee-organization relations and the honesty of the supervisor had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency, respectively. Also, fair behavior affected the turnover tendency. Not to use the abilities of all employees, lack of vision to improve the type and way of payments and inappropriate actions of managers lead to dissatisfaction and eventually turnover in the organization. Therefore, the adoption and implementation of policies and procedures by senior organizational managers, should be in accordance with motivational (transformational) management methods such as preparing an intimate and professional work environment, justice through fair behavior in the distribution of organizational resources, transparency and clarity of work procedures, equal job promotion opportunities along with participation of all employees in organizational decisions according to their job background, while maintaining the workforce and especially knowledgeable and specialized human resources, preparing the growth and development basis, and minimizing the variables affecting organizational departure and turnover.
  

Studying the structural features of successful organizations is evidence of this claim that complementary organizational supportive system is the existence of managerial supportive approaches, desirable styles and patterns of behavior that have a direct impact on individual performance and consequently not to employee turnover. Meanwhile, the quality of the relationship between operational staff and human resources with senior managers of the organization, is a factor affecting the working quality of employees and consequently the emergence of professional work behaviors by employees in order to accept and align individual aims with organizational goals. On the other hand, many subcultures are formed in sports organizations, according to the nature of work; since these organizations are among the human-centered organizations, having an organizational culture that generates commitment and efficiency of employees will play an important role in acting as a successful entity. In this regard, the results of several surveys analyzing the relationship between supportive behaviors and the existence of justice-oriented patterns with staff turnover have shown that the emphasis on the significant role of distributive justice and procedural justice in the turnover tendency, stated that the managers’ fair behaviors promote employee participation in achieving organizational goals and is an important adjusting factor in the decision to turnover or not to turnover. In this study, the pattern of turnover tendency in sports and youth administration based on the role of organizational honesty, culture and commitment has been studied based on the conceptual model; and the goal of the study is to create an organizational supportive driving factors’ pattern of the turnover tendency.

The present research is a Sequential-Exploratory Mixed Method Design type and was implemented in two phases, qualitative and quantitative. The statistical samples of the study. based on the minimum statistical sample required in structural equation research, included (n = 115) employees and executives and staff of sports and youth departments Golestan province who were randomly selected for the purpose of the study. In the qualitative phase of the research, through semi-organized interviews with university professors in the field of management and organizational behavior and staff and senior managers of sports and youth departments (n = 15) using the Delphi method to achieve theoretical saturation. In the quantitative part, with confirming the optimal reliability of the questionnaire items was implemented using Cronbachchr('39')s alpha method, the modified version of Kim (2007) turnover intention questionnaire, the employee-employer relationship quality questionnaire of Grunig and Huang (2002), the organizational commitment questionnaire of Mayer et al. (1993), as well as a modified version of the Rupp and Cropanzano (2002) Organizational Integrity Questionnaire, which was set as a 5-point Likert scale. Finally, using KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) test and Bartlett’s test of sphericity, in order to ensure the structural validity of latent variables and optimal fit of the research conceptual model, LISREL and SPSS software were used at a significance level of 0.05.

According to the results of the study, the quality component of employee-organization relations (β = 0.78) and managerial honesty (β = 0.77) had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency of employees, respectively. But structural analysis of the path regarding the component of quality of employee-organization relations, showed that among the four components: trust level, commitment, satisfaction and control, the occurrence of reciprocal control behaviors with factor load (β = 0.89), was the main explanatory factor. Also, the output of regression test in predicting turnover tendency showed that the regression coefficient of the quality component of the employee-organization relationship equal to (β = -0.63). A significant percentage of variance (R2 = 0.64), given the number of standard error, is explained by the quality component of the employee-organization relationship. Therefore, according to the significance of ANOVA test, the positive and significant effect of this component on the latent variable was explained (F = 11.67). Analyzing regression coefficient values (β = -0.53) and variance error (R2 = 0.57) of the supervisor honesty component also confirmed its significant effect on the latent variable of the survey (F = 17.26).

The quality of employee-organization relations and the honesty of the supervisor had the greatest impact on the turnover tendency, respectively. Also, fair behavior affected the turnover tendency. Not to use the abilities of all employees, lack of vision to improve the type and way of payments and inappropriate actions of managers lead to dissatisfaction and eventually turnover in the organization. Therefore, the adoption and implementation of policies and procedures by senior organizational managers, should be in accordance with motivational (transformational) management methods such as preparing an intimate and professional work environment, justice through fair behavior in the distribution of organizational resources, transparency and clarity of work procedures, equal job promotion opportunities along with participation of all employees in organizational decisions according to their job background, while maintaining the workforce and especially knowledgeable and specialized human resources, preparing the growth and development basis, and minimizing the variables affecting organizational departure and turnover.

Recent epidemiologic studies have demonstrated simultaneous outbreaks of obesity, diabetes and asthma. The present study was aimed to determine the effect of a relatively long term aerobic training program on determinant markers of diabetes (glucose, insulin, Insulin resistance) in asthma patients.

for this purpose, twenty eight sedentary adult men (38 – 48 years, 80 – 105 kg) with mild to moderate asthma were divided into experimental (n = 14) and control (n = 14) groups by randomly. All subjects of experimental group were participate in three months aerobic training program (3 session/weekly) at %60-80 maximal heart rate and control group was banned of exercise in this period. Fasting glucose and serum insulin, anthropometrical markers and body fat percentage were measured before and after exercise program in two experimental and control groups. Insulin resistance was assessed using fasting insulin and glucose levels. Student’s t-tests for paired samples were performed to determine significance of changes in variables in response to exercise program. A p-value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.

No significant differences were found between groups in anthropometrical and biochemical markers at baseline (p ≥ 0.05). Exercise training resulted in significant decreases in fasting glucose concentration, serum insulin and insulin resistance in experimental group (p < 0.05). All variables remained without change in control group (p ≥ 0.05).

based on these data, it is concluded that relatively long term aerobic training program is associated with improve in determinant markers of diabetes in adult men with asthma. These changes can be attributing to other hormonal changes or weight loss in response to exercise program that emphasizes further studies in this area.

Increased Mafa expression with increased insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells and consequent improvement in glycemic profile in type 2 diabetic patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of resistance on Mafa expression in pancreas tissue, glucose and insulin in type 2 diabetes rats.

The statistical population consisted of all male Wistar rats of the pastor inistitue of Iran, among which 14 were male rat 10 weeks old weighting 220 ± 20 g. Type 2 diabetes induced by Intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamid + STZ. Then rats divided randomly into resistance (6 weeks, 5 times/weekly, n=7) and control (n=7) groups. Fasting glucose, serum insulin and Mafa expression in Pancreas tissue of both groups were measured after lasted exercise and compared between 2 groups by independent T test.

Resistance training significantly reduced fasting glucose and significantly increased serum insulin levels compared with the control group. Resistance training also increased Mafa expression in pancreatic tissue( p>0/0001).

Based on these data, increased serum insulin in response to resistance training in T2D rats may be attributed with increased Mafa expression in pancreas tissue.